譯林牛津高二模塊五Unit3重要詞匯(上)學(xué)案

1、重要詞匯詞 匯 1.-on the one handon the other hand 一方面，另一方面【教材原句】On the one hand, some scientists point out that if youclone an embryo,you can produce valuable human tissues -such as bone or lung tissues-that could be used to save human lives. On the other hand. .一方面，一些科學(xué)家指出如果克隆人類胚胎，你就可以制造出寶貴的人體組織-如骨組織或肺組織

2、-那可以用來拯救人類的生命，另一方面.( P42)【句法分析】第一句是復(fù)合句。第一個that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作point out 的賓語，在這個賓語從句中又包含一個if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句；第二個that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 human tissues【 例句研讀 】1.On the one hand , we have to develop the economy, buot n the other hand, we should be concerned about the environment.一方面，我們得發(fā)展經(jīng)濟，但另一方面，我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注環(huán)境。2.On the one hand , I

3、 was encouraged to open the floor, buot n the other hand,the topic was restricted to economy.一方面，我被鼓勵自由發(fā)言，但另一方面，話題局限于經(jīng)濟方面。學(xué)法點撥：1.on the one hand中的the可以省略，與on the other hand一起用 時，可以把第二個hand省略。有時只用后一個短語。on the other hand說 明另一方面，而 on the contrary表示 “正相反”。We all know it ' s important to protect our

4、environment, but on the other hand, some power plants let off more dioxide and the air is polluted seriously.我們者B 知道保護(hù)環(huán)境很重要，但另一方面，有些發(fā)電廠卻排放更多的二氧化物，空 氣受到了嚴(yán)重的污染。2.for one thing,for another(thing).常一起使用，表示相一致的兩 個方面；如果要表示相矛盾的兩個方面， 則常用on the one hand.on the other hand.She is fit for the job. For one thing

5、, she is good at computer; for another, she is willing to communicate with others.她適合這項工作，一方面，她擅長操作計算機；另一方面，她愿意與別人交流。point out 指出1. I ' point him out to you next time he comes in. 他下次進(jìn)來的時候， 我指給你看。2. The environmental protection expertpoints out that large quantities of fuel have been consumed in

6、 the past decades.這個環(huán)保專家指出，在過去的十年中，大量的燃料被消耗掉。學(xué)法點撥：point out是由“動詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的短語，所以后面的賓語若是 代詞，應(yīng)把代詞放在中間【拓展】point to指向(強調(diào)方向)point at指向(強調(diào)目標(biāo))詞匯-2.toy with 漫不經(jīng)心地擺弄，輕率地對待，不十分認(rèn)真地考慮。【教材原句】.if mankind toys with nature in this way, we may be onour way to producing a real -life Frankenstein ' s monster.人類如果用這種方式

7、戲弄自然，我們可能制造出一個現(xiàn)實生活中的弗蘭肯斯坦怪物。【例句研讀】翻譯下列句中toy with的含義(1) Children today would rather toy with smart cellphones.(2) It must be pointed out that if we toy with nature, we will bear theconsequences.(3) I ' ve)een toying with the idea of going to Japan to visit them.1.喜歡漫不經(jīng)心地擺弄智能手機；3.我對去日本拜訪他們的主意不在乎2.

8、如果我們戲弄自然;on the / one ' s梅途中,接近，即將發(fā)生(后可接to doing )【例句研讀】翻譯下列句中劃線部分(1) The businessman has suffered many hardships on his way to success.Heclocked only onehour onthe wayback.(3)Heis on the way tobecominga famoussinger.1.在通往成功的道路上；2.回來；3.他離成為一名著名歌手已經(jīng)不遠(yuǎn)了【拓展】all the way 1直，一路上，從頭到尾by the way順便問一下by

9、way of 經(jīng)由，通過in a way在某種程度上in the way 擋道in this way用這種方法in no way 無論如何不give way to讓步under way 進(jìn)行中make one' way (排除困難)前進(jìn)feel one，way 摸索著前進(jìn)fight one，way奮勇前進(jìn)詞匯-3. exact adj.確切的，準(zhǔn)確的，精確的，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?，一絲不茍的【教材原句】 Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cell.克隆是用某種植物或動物的細(xì)胞制造出一模一樣的植物或

10、動物。【例句研讀】 翻譯句中exact的含義(1) The exact number of white-flag dolphins surviving in the YangtzeRiver is unknown. The physician is a very exact person.(3) To be exact, Dolly the sheep was cloned in 2019.(4) She has worked at the bank for many years, nine to be exact.第5頁/共23頁1. 白鰭豚確切的數(shù)量；2.那位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生是一個一絲不茍的人；3

11、.確切地說；4.準(zhǔn)確地說是9 年【搭配】to be exact 確切地說【單詞積累】exactly adv. 精確地，嚴(yán)密地【鏈接】exactly speaking =（to be exact） 確切地說notexactly （糾正對方剛說過的話） 不完全如此-It is said that your grandpa was very brave.據(jù)說你的祖父非常英勇。-Not exactly . He was more clever than brav曲不完全是這樣。與其說他英勇，不如說他聰明。詞匯 -4. normal n./ adj. 正常，常態(tài)；正常的，常態(tài)的【教材原句】She was

12、 born in 2019 and died in early 2019, at a muchyounger age than normal. 她于 2019 年被克隆出來，2019 年初死亡，壽命要比普通的羊短很多。（ P42） 1） 1） n. 正規(guī)，常態(tài)搭配 】above normal 通常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之上below normal 通常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之下bringback to normal 使.恢復(fù)正常be back to normal/ return to normal 恢復(fù)正常Car sales are still below normal for the time of year.這個時期的汽車銷

13、 量仍然低于正常水平。Things soon returned to normal.情況彳艮快恢復(fù)了正常。 2） adj.正常的，常態(tài)的It ' s normal to feel nervous before an exam#試之前覺得緊張是正常 的?！締卧~積累】normally adv.正常地,通常地【辨析】normal,common 與 ordinary易混詞辨析例句normal多指“正常的，常態(tài)的”。指預(yù)料之中的常規(guī)事物It is normal for us not to want to work on Sundays.我們在星期天不想工作是正常的事。common多指“常見的，不

14、足為奇的”。用來描述沒有特征的人或事物The common people aren ' usually interested in such matters.普通人通常對這樣的事不感興趣。ordinary與 common意思相近，多指“平凡無奇的”。 常與特別的事物進(jìn)行比較Although she was rich, she was always in ordinary dress.盡管她很富有，但她總是穿著平常的衣服。t詞匯-5. lead to通向,導(dǎo)致【教材原句】 When she was born, many people were worried that cloning w

15、ould lead to more diseases in the animal world. 當(dāng)她被克隆 出來的時候，許多人擔(dān)心克隆會導(dǎo)致動物世界中更多的疾病。（P42）【例句研讀】 翻譯下列句中l(wèi)ead to的含義1. AllroadsleadtoRome.2. If we don ' t take measures to protect out environment, large quantities of sail will be washed away by the floods during the rainy season, leading toadecreaseinc

16、ropproduction.1.條條大路通羅馬;學(xué)法點撥：lead to中的to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞，不能接動詞不定式，類似的動詞短語還有:be/ used to 習(xí)慣于pay attention to 注意lookforward to 期望object to 反對get down to 開始，著手belong to 屬于refer to 談到，涉及，查閱point to 指向turn.to向.求助，查閱stick/hold/ keep to 堅持，忠于 see to 處理，料理cometo共計，蘇醒reply/ respond to 答復(fù)add to 增添attend to處理，照

17、料amount to 等于contribute to 對.做貢獻(xiàn)，有助于 preferdoing sth to doing sth寧愿做某事而不愿做devote oneself/one ' s life/ time/ energy to詞匯-6. intention n.意圖，目的【教材原句】 Although he researches cloning, his intention has never been to create copies of humans.盡管他研究克隆技術(shù)，但他的目的 從來就不是制造人類的復(fù)制品。(P42)第9頁/共23頁【例句研讀】掌握句中intenti

18、on的含義(1) I simply couldn ' t figure out his intention.(2) I have no intention of arguing with my neighbor.(3) He queued up for a whole day, with the intention of getting a ticket for home.1 .我始終揣摩不透他的用意；2.沒打算；3.為了【固定搭配】have no intention of doing sth/ to do sth 無意做某事，沒有with the intention of 有.的打算

19、【鏈接】intend to do 目的是，打算做be intended for是為設(shè)計的詞匯-7. concentrate on 集中精力于，全神貫注于【教材原句】Instead, thinks research efforts should concentrate oncreating new tissues and organs. 相反， 他認(rèn)為克隆研究應(yīng)該注重創(chuàng)J造新組織和器官【例句研讀】翻譯句中劃線部分(1) I can' Concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on. Some local governments

20、 should concentrate their eforts on importing administration. 1 .集中精力學(xué)習(xí)；2.致力于【鏈接】fix one ，s mind on/ upon 全神貫注于.，集中精力于.devote to.= (be devoted to) 獻(xiàn)身于，全身心地投入be absorbed in 心于He devoted himself to the research about cloning 他獻(xiàn)身于克隆研究。詞匯-8. anxiety n.憂慮， 夕、:【教材原句】Even though human cloning is causing a

21、lot of anxiety,it is good news for Faye Wilson, a 41-year-old saleswoman whocannot have a baby.【例句研讀】翻譯句中劃線部分(1) He caused his parents great anxiety by cycling long distances alone. He was a bit anxious about the safety of the machine.1 .他讓他的父母非常擔(dān)心；2.有點擔(dān)心【單詞積累】anxious adj.焦慮的，不安的，擔(dān)心的；渴望的，急切的【鏈接】beyo

22、nd belief 令人無法相信； 令人難以置信in the belief that. 相信It ' s one ' s belief that. 某人相信【鏈接】be anxious about為擔(dān)憂be anxious/ eager for 渴望得至”be eager to do 渴望做某事He was eager to listen to the debate about cloning technology. 他渴望 去聽關(guān)于克隆技術(shù)的辯論。誤區(qū)警示：anxious “擔(dān)心，焦急”，強調(diào)對結(jié)果感到不安；eager強 調(diào)“對成功的期望”或“進(jìn)取的熱情”，含有積極向上的意思

23、詞匯-9. adopt vt.收養(yǎng)，采取，采用，通過，批準(zhǔn)【例句研讀】翻譯下面劃線部分(1) Sally was adopted when she was four. I adopted my teacher ' advice about concentrating on my study.(3) The agenda was adopted after some discussion.1.薩莉4歲時被人收養(yǎng)；2.我采納了老師的建議；3.經(jīng)過討論，議事日程獲得通過學(xué)法點撥：adapt和adopt詞形相近但意義不同，它們經(jīng)常被設(shè)置在 同一個題目中考查，所以準(zhǔn)確記住它們的含義非常重要。ad

24、apt主要有“改變，適應(yīng)”之意，而“ adopt”主要有“采納，收養(yǎng)”及“批 準(zhǔn)”之意。The world will be different, and we we will have to be prepared to adapt第13頁/共23頁to the change.世界會變得不同，我們必須做好準(zhǔn)備以適應(yīng)其變化。詞匯-10. while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句【教材原句】 While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with res

25、earch in order to produce a cloned human baby.盡管克隆人類胚胎在很多國家還不合法，但是一些科學(xué)家已經(jīng)在加緊研究，以制造出克隆的人類嬰兒?！纠溲凶x】翻譯句中劃線部分【句法分析】while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；in order to produce.是目的狀語while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句：while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，意為“雖 然"，從句一般位于句首(1) While he has the intention of adopting that orphan, it needs legal procedure.雖然他打算收養(yǎng)那名孤兒，但那需要合法

26、手續(xù)。(2) While I may not be able to walk, there are many other great things I can do.盡管我可能走不了路，但我能做許多其他了不起的事情。(3) While I have some sympathy for them, I don ' t think they are right.雖然我對他們有些同情，但是我認(rèn)為他們是不對的。第14頁/共23頁學(xué)法點撥：while作從屬連詞除了引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句之外，還可以引導(dǎo)時 間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng).時，在的同時”；作為并列連詞時，表示轉(zhuǎn)折， 意思是“然而，而”Tom is

27、very good at science, while his brother is absolutely hopeless.湯姆彳艮 擅長理科，而他的兄弟絕對是不可救藥的。push ahead with 推動，推進(jìn)，義無反顧地進(jìn)行To deliver “Chinadream ” we need to push ahead with reforms and make sure of economic growth and people-bein g.s well為了實現(xiàn)“中國夢”，我們需要推動改革并確保經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人們的 幸福。We mustpush ahead with our work.我

28、們必須推進(jìn)我們的工作?！炬溄印縧ook ahead 計戈U未來，展望未來go ahead 開始，用吧，前進(jìn)get ahead of 勝過， 超過be ahead of 占優(yōu)勢ahead of time 提前I thought we' cbe late for the concert, but we ended up getting there第#頁/共23頁ahead of time.我原以為我們聽音樂會會遲到，結(jié)果提前到達(dá)了那里。詞匯-11. succeed vi.成功；vt.繼承，接替【教材原句】 China has succeeded in producing clones of

29、 cows and goats, and continues to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind.中國已經(jīng)成功克隆出牛和山羊，并將繼續(xù)研究克隆能夠造福人類的方 法。【句法分析】has succeed與continue是并列謂語；in which引導(dǎo)定 語從句，修飾ways(1) Although the old man was seriously ill, the doctors succeededin operating on him. I did not succeed in my first lecture.(3)

30、Probably he will succeed Tom as our consultant.1.成功地給他做了手術(shù)；2.沒成功；3.他可能會接替湯姆擔(dān)任我們的顧問【搭配】succeed in doing sth. = (manage to do sth) 成功地 第16頁/共23頁做成某事succeed in sth 在某方面成功【單詞積累】successn. U成功；C成功的人或事物successful adj.成功的 successfully adv. 成功地benefit v./ n.（ 1） vi. 得益于，得利于（使）收益【搭配】benefit by/ from 得益于One ca

31、n greatly benefit by reading extensively. 一個人博覽群書會受 益很多。The reason why I did this was to benefit all of us. 我之所以這么做，是為了讓我們大家受益。（ 2） n. 利益，好處【搭配】for the benefit of = (for one s benefit) 為了 ._. _的利益be of the benefit = be beneficial to 對 有益第 17頁 /共 23頁He meant to no harm, and what he did was for youben

32、efit. 他沒有壞心眼兒，他那么做事為了你好。This measureis of great benefit to the improvement of the job. 此項措 施對改進(jìn)工作大有裨益。詞匯-12. deal with與相處，對待，對付，處理，論述【教材原句】If we toy with nature, we will have to deal with the consequences.如果我們戲弄自然，我們就會不得不處理其后果?！纠溲凶x】翻譯下面劃線部分(1) I found her quite hard to deal with. How do you dealwit

33、ha drunken husband?(3) What' s the best way of dealing with naughty children?(4) How shall we deal with this problem?(5) Tom s new book deals with the troubles in Ireland.1 .我發(fā)現(xiàn)她很難相處；2.對待喝醉的丈夫；3.對付頑皮孩子；4處理問題；5.論述【鏈接】do with 處理，對付a good deal of 大量的(后接不可數(shù)名詞)make/ do a deal with sb 與某人做買賣It，s / Tha

34、t ，s a deal.那就成交了 / 一言為定/ 就這么辦學(xué)法點撥：deal with常與how連用，而do with常與what連用，動詞do的賓語是whatconsequence n.結(jié)果，后果【例句研讀】翻譯下面劃線部分(1) she was found guilty, and lost her job in consequence of it.(2) Animals have died as a consequence of coming into contact with this chemicals. (3) 其實，任何一門學(xué)科都離不開死記硬背，關(guān)鍵是記憶有技巧，“死 記”之后會

35、“活用”。不記住那些基礎(chǔ)知識，怎么會向高層次進(jìn)軍？尤 其是語文學(xué)科涉獵的范圍很廣，要真正提高學(xué)生的寫作水平，單靠分析 文章的寫作技巧是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的，必須從基礎(chǔ)知識抓起，每天擠一點時間 讓學(xué)生“死記”名篇佳句、名言警句，以及豐富的詞語、新穎的材料 等。這樣，就會在有限的時間、空間里給學(xué)生的腦海里注入無限的內(nèi) 容。日積月累，積少成多，從而收到水滴石穿，繩鋸木斷的功效。He broke the law, and now he must face the consequences of his actions.(4) He ate some poisonous mushrooms, with fatal

36、 consequences.1 .由于； 2.由于； 3.自食其果；4,結(jié)果是致命的【搭配】死記硬背是一種傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方式，在我國有悠久的歷史。但隨著素質(zhì) 教育的開展，死記硬背被作為一種僵化的、阻礙學(xué)生能力發(fā)展的教學(xué) 方式，漸漸為人們所摒棄；而另一方面，老師們又為提高學(xué)生的語文素 養(yǎng)煞費苦心。其實，只要應(yīng)用得當(dāng)，“死記硬背”與提高學(xué)生素質(zhì)并不 矛盾。相反，它恰是提高學(xué)生語文水平的重要前提和基礎(chǔ)。in consequence of 由于.as a consequence of = (as a result of )3于.,作為.的 結(jié)果take/ suffer/face the consequence (of sth)= (accept the ba