語(yǔ)法--定語(yǔ)從句

1、英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句Attributive clauseThe baby is Jack.The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redwho is wearing red trousersWhich baby is Jack?Jack穿紅褲子的穿紅褲子的baby是是Jack。Which house is mine?房頂是棕色的房頂是棕色的房子是我的。房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownMy houseI like books.The books are about animals.I like books

2、are about animals.thatI like moviesThe movies are about aliens.I like movies are about aliens.thatI have a mobile phone.The mobile phone can play music.I have a mobile phonethat can play music.I like going to the park.The park is near my house.I like going to the park that is nearmy house.I have boo

3、ks that are about animals.I want to go to the park that is near my house.The Attributive Clause（定語(yǔ)從句）：（定語(yǔ)從句）： booksthe park我有關(guān)于動(dòng)物的故事書(shū)。我有關(guān)于動(dòng)物的故事書(shū)。areis我想要去離我家近的公園。我想要去離我家近的公園。Thingsthat 概念概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子. Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容詞作定語(yǔ)形容詞作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ)句子作

4、定語(yǔ),修飾修飾girl, 叫做叫做定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, whenMary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并為一個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)句子 定語(yǔ)從句的用法定語(yǔ)從句的用法: :1.1.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí), , 用用which 或或that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo). .These are the trees which were planted last year.2.2.當(dāng)先行詞

5、是人時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí), , 用用who, whom, whose, that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo).The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)1. who指人指人,作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）作賓語(yǔ)可省略）The man （who/that/whom) I talked with is our teacher.A person who/that steals things is called a thief

6、.The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)2. whom指人指人, ,作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ) ( (作賓語(yǔ)可省略作賓語(yǔ)可省略, ,如介詞如介詞提前則不能省提前則不能省) The man (whom/who/that) I spoke to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I spoke is Mr. Li.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I

7、know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)3.whose多指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定多指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示引導(dǎo)詞與語(yǔ)，表示引導(dǎo)詞與 whose 后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。 whose指物時(shí)可與指物時(shí)可與 of which互換使用。互換使用。Whose 用用來(lái)代替來(lái)代替 his/her/their/its.This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book of which the cover is blue. 4. that 指人指人/物，作

8、主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省略）作賓語(yǔ)可省略）A plane is a machine. It can fly.A plane is a machine that/which can fly.He is the man. I told you about him.He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about.（作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。）（作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）5. which 指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) (作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省 略略, 如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) These a

9、re the trees which/that were planted last year.This computer（which/that） he is using ismade in China. Is this the library (which/that) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrowbooks? 指物，只用指物，只用 which（作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。）（作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）6.that和和which

10、在指物的情況下一般都可以互換在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下但在下列情況下列情況下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。(1) 先行詞為先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)。等不定代詞時(shí)。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.(2)先行詞被先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修飾時(shí)。修飾時(shí)。Ive read all the books that are not

11、 mine. (3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the first book (that) he has read.(5)先行詞是先行詞是who或或who引導(dǎo)的主句。引導(dǎo)的主句。 Who is the girl (that) drove the car? Who (that) broke the window will be punished.(4)先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時(shí)。修飾時(shí)。This is the very book that belongs to him.(6)主

12、句以主句以There be 引導(dǎo)時(shí)引導(dǎo)時(shí) There are 200 people (that) didnt know the thing. 7.關(guān)系副詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，它和關(guān)系代關(guān)系副詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞在從句中代替先行詞,在句中作狀語(yǔ)。在句中作狀語(yǔ)。 where:在從句中作在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),指代地點(diǎn)指代地點(diǎn). when: 在從句中作在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),指代時(shí)間。指代時(shí)間。1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stayed

13、wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.2.Ill never forget the day. +I joined the League on that day. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the League .the handsomethe tallthe strong the c

14、leverthe naughtyboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is handsome is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is TomThe boy who is naughty is Tom. The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)) The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.The bo

15、y who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The man who sits in front of me is Tom. The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab. This is the boy. I sit behind him.This is the

16、boy (whom) I sit behind.This is the boy behind whom I sit. The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian.The woman who can speak Russian got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. The teacher is famous.The teacher who is famous will give us a talk. He is the teacher. The teacher can speak Fr

17、ench. He is the teacher who can speak French. Do you know the man? He came to visit you today. Do you know the man who came to visit you today? The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady.The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot. Do you know the man? You will visit him

18、today.Do you know the man whom you will visit today?applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers.Mrs. Clark is an

19、gry with the goat which is eating her flowers. Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night.Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night.Can you lend me the book about which you talked last night? Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Do you find the pen (which) I

20、 wrote with just now? Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new. which (3) H

21、e is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked with. who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. 1.The man _ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous teacher. A. whose B. who C. w

22、hich D. whom2. I have bought the camera _ was advertised on TV . A. what B. why C. which D. who3. I like movies _ are sad. I love “Sinking Ship” . A. that B. where C. who D. whom4. -What kind of music does your sister prefer? - She prefers the music _ has great lyrics. A. it B. that C. this D. what5

23、. Do you know the man _ is talking with Mr. Wu. A. he B. is C. who D. whom1. Is that the man _D_ helped us a lot after the earthquake? A. whose B. which C. when D. who2. Disney is an amusement park _B_ you can find all the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters. A. which B. where C. tha

24、t D. when3. The girl _A_ I just talked with is Bens sister. A. whom B. which C. she4. Thats the man _D_ house was destroyed in the storm. A. that B. whose C. who D. which5. Sorry, we dont have the coat _D_ you need. A. what B. who C. whom D. which6. Ive found some pictures of the most interesting pl

25、aces _D_ you can visit during the winter holidays. A. where B. which C. what D. that7.The book _A_ he bought yesterday is veryinteresting. A. 不填不填 B. why C. when D. what8.Do you know the man _C_ is sitting behind Lucy? A. what B. which C. who D. whom9.This is the dictionary _A_ Mum gave me for my bi

26、rthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom9. I like music that I can dance .A. with B. to C. along D. on10. Some of her famous photos are display in this exhibition .A. on B. in C. at D. about11. Joe visit London last year.A. did B. real C. was D. goes to12. Maths doesnt me at all.A. interesting B. i

27、nterest C. interested D. interests13. I want to buy a book radio.A. from B. to C. for D. about BAABD3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose

28、4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.which/that5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.whom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.that8. All _ we can do is to study hard.that9. The first one _ stands

29、up is a little boy.that10. The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.11.We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake.12.The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.13.A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthqua

30、ke.14.Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.15.People _ study earthquakes thinks that there will be another big one soon.which/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/whomwho1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke

31、in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7. Is there anything _ you want