新概念英語第二冊筆記Lesson51

1、Lesson 51 Reward for Virtuediet n. 節(jié)食 embarrass v. 使尷尬 reward v. 給獎賞【New words and expressions】生詞和短語（10）reward n. 報償virtue n. 美德forbid v. 禁止hurriedly adv. 匆忙地guiltily adv. 內疚地strict adj. 嚴格的occasionally adv. 偶爾地 reward n. 報償； v. 給獎賞give sb. reward 給報償reward sb. with sth.用獎賞 reward sb. for sth.因為給某人獎

2、賞reward him for the first prize virtue n. 美德strongpoints n. 長處，merit n. 優(yōu)點shortpoints n. 短處，weak points 弱點 diet n. 節(jié)食go on a diet =be on a diet 實行節(jié)食 forbid （ forbade， forbidden ）v.禁止forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事Forbidden City 紫禁城（被禁止的城市）； Forbidden fruit 禁果 embarrass v. 使

3、尷尬sth. embarrass sb. 讓感至 U 尷尬You embarrassed me你讓我感到尷尬embarrassing adj. 令人尷尬地；embarrassed adj. 感到尷尬embarrassment n. 尷尬To my embarrassment,讓我感至U尷尬的是 guiltily adv. 內疚地guiltily conscience 問心有愧clear conscience 問心無愧 strict adj. 嚴格的 be strict with sb. 對某人嚴格 My father is strict with me. be strict in sth.對嚴

4、格 occasionally adv. 偶而地on the occasion 偶爾, sometimes 偶爾, at times 偶爾off and on 偶爾，now and again 偶爾【 Text】My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which w

5、ere forbidden. The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his

6、 desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large b

7、ars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!參考譯文我的朋友休一直很胖, 但是近來情況變得越發(fā)糟糕, 以致他決定節(jié)食. 他是一星期前開始節(jié)食的 . 首先 , 他開列了一張長長的單子, 上面列了所有禁吃的食物. 這張單子上的大多數食物都是休喜歡吃的: 黃油、 土豆、 米飯、 啤酒、 牛奶、 巧克力和糖果. 昨天我去看望了他. 我按響了門鈴. 當看到休仍和往常一樣胖時, 我并不感到驚奇. 他把我領進屋, 慌忙把一個大包藏到了桌子下面. 顯然他感到很尷尬. 當我問他正干什么時, 他內疚地笑了, 然后把那個大包拿到了桌上. 他解釋說, 他的飲食控制得太嚴格了,

8、以致不得不偶爾獎賞自己一下. 接著他給我看了包里的東西. 里面裝了5 大塊巧克力和3 袋糖果 !【課文講解】1、 My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.things （要用復數形式）可以表示“情況，情形，狀況，形勢”等含義：You re surely made things worse.How are things going on with you?get 作不及物動詞時可以表示“變得”：I got interested in F

9、rench.diet 用于表示治療某種疾病或調節(jié)體重的“特種飲食”、 “規(guī)定飲食”時通常與 on 連用：The doctor put him on a strict diet. 醫(yī)生讓他嚴格控制飲食。I once went on a diet for a week and then I gave up.2、 First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.first of all 首先 , 首要 （許多事情中首要的, 即最重要的）First of all I must see your p

10、asspart.at first首先（句型 at first，then起先然后 ）write out 寫出， （正式）寫，全部寫出You should werite out a report.3、 The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets.most of 大夸 B 分includ 和 contain 都有 “包含” 的意思，但 contain 可以用于表示所包含的全部事物；include則只表示其中的一部分。contain

11、一定是容器里面裝，include 則含義更廣，在這里不能用contain。 It included three bags of sweets.We re including you in our team.4、 Yesterday I paid him a visit.pay sb. a visit 拜訪某人Pay you a visit.pay a visit to sb./someplace 拜訪某人/某地 .call up sb./at someplace 拜訪某人/某地have a visit = visit5、 I rang the bell and was not surprise

12、d to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.asas ever像往常一樣，照舊，依然as clean as ever； as quiet as ever be surprised to do sth. / be surprised at sth.6、 He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. lead sb. into（進門）； show sb. out（出門）； see sb. off（送行）7、 It was obvious that he w

13、as very embarrassed. obviously <adv.> = it was obvious that （it 為形式主語）顯然一般過去時與一般過去時常用的兩個詞是once和recently, recently在表示“最近一段時期”時也可以與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。一般過去時可以用于時間狀語從句中，一般過去時可以用于與最近的打算比較時。【 Special difficulties 】Raise and Rise.rais作動詞時只能作及物動詞，即它必須跟賓語。它可以表示“舉起，往上提，使升高等含義：Will those who agree with me please ra

14、ise their hands?Why did they raise prices?Heavy rains have raised the level of the river this year.rise 作動詞時通常為不及物動詞，表示“起立，起床， （日、月等）升起”等含義：You re still in bed and the sun has already risne!All the students rose when the teacher came into the classroom.Lay and Lie.lay（ laid， laid）vt. 置，擱，鋪，準備I laid

15、your clothes on the bed so you could put them away.If you can t cook the dinner, you can at least lay the table.lie（ lay， lain ） vi. 躺，平臥Are you going to spend the whole morning lying in bed?Beat and Win.beat vt. 打敗，戰(zhàn)勝，勝過，超過They beat their enemy, though they were fewer in number.表示一個球隊打敗另一個球隊也用beat。

16、win vt.在獲勝（成功），贏得，獲得，奪得Who won the race/ the war?beat后面接對手，win不能接對手?！?Multiple choice questions 】Lesson 511. b 根據課文第 6-7 行 一 and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever 可以 看出只有b. but he didn ' t lose any weight atOfl課文的實際內容相符，其他 3個選擇都與課 文的實際情況相符。2. c 根據課文第9-10 行 he explained

17、that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himselfoccasionally 可以判斷只有 c. hasn ' t kept to a strict diet有嚴格的控制飲食 ）是課文所暗示的 情況，而其他3 個選擇都不符課文的實際內容。3. d 只有選 d. is 才能使這個句子的意義和時態(tài)同前一句相協(xié)調. a. was 時態(tài)不對. b. has不是系動詞,不能跟形容詞.c. has been 時態(tài)不對,表示"他現(xiàn)在仍然很胖",沒有必要用現(xiàn)在完成時 .4. d 本句的時間狀語是How long ago

18、表示過去的時間，因此應該用一般過去時。a. willhe begin 是將來時；b. has he begun 是完成時；c. was he beginning 是過去進行時，這3 個選擇時態(tài)都不對，只有d. did he begin 是一般過去時，最合乎語法，所以應該選d.5. d 只有d. in可以同本句的動詞included連用表示 包括“，所以d.是正確的。其他 3 個都不能同include 連用構成短語動詞。6. a 這是一個一般過去時疑問句，需要選一個正確的謂語動詞，只有 a. hide 是原形動詞，最符合語法，因為疑問句中已經有助動詞did 了， 所以謂語動詞要用動詞原形，而不能

19、用過去式。 b. hidden 是過去分詞；c. hid 是 hide 的過去式，d. hiding 是進行式，后3 個選擇都不對。7. d 只有d. guilty（內疚的）最合乎語法，因為本句的謂語動詞是felt（感到），它是系動詞，所以后面只能跟形容詞做表語，guilty 是形容詞，所以選 d. c. guiltless 也是形容詞，但與 guilty意思相反，不符合前一句的意思，所以不選它。8. c 前一句中的forbidden 是 “禁止 ”的意思，本句需要選出與它的含義相反的詞。a. left（離開，乘U下）,b. let （讓），c. allowed （允許）和d. aloud（大聲地）4個答案中只有 c. allowed是 forbidden 的反義詞，所以選c.9. a 只有 a. visited him 是正確的，因為它同前一句I paid him a visit 的含義相同，其他 3個選擇都不是正確的表達方式。10. d a. steered（駕駛船或車）；b. pulled（拖或拉）；c. drove（駕駛）d. showed才能使句子的意思與前一句的意思相同，所以我們選d.11. d 本句需要選一個同前一句中的 embarrassed撼至ij尷尬的）意義相近的詞。 a. shy （害 羞的，靦腆的）；b. shameful（可恥的）