虛擬Class4課件subjective_mood11

1、雪花的快樂 徐志摩 假如我是一朵雪花，翩翩的在半空里瀟灑，我一定認清我的方向飛揚，飛揚，飛揚，這地面上有我的方向。 The Happiness of a SnowflowerXu Zhimo If I were a snowflower flying lightly in mid-air, I would make my way clear- Soar,soar,soar,- I would see my way on the earth down there.A Poem_soar s:(r)-fly highLead-in: 1)If I 1)If I werewere a bird, I

2、 a bird, I would flywould fly in the sky. in the sky. 2)If I 2)If I had takenhad taken your advice, your advice, I I wouldnt havewouldnt have made the mistake.made the mistake. 3 3)If it )If it rainedrained tomorrow, we tomorrow, we would not gowould not go shopping. shopping. Producer - Lu Jianyu 1

3、.英語動詞有三種語氣，英語動詞有三種語氣， 陳述語氣，祈使語氣和陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣. 2.2. 定義：用來表示說的話定義：用來表示說的話不是事實，或者是或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況，而是一種愿望，的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。DefinitionSubjunctive Mood(虛擬語氣）虛擬語氣）We met in this room . Do come to the meeting next Friday .If I were you , I would study hard . 陳述語氣陳述語氣祈使語氣祈使語氣虛擬語氣虛擬

4、語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣TypesIf I were a bird, I would have two wings.If I had two wings, I could fly in the sky.If 從句從句的謂語形式的謂語形式主句主句的謂語形式的謂語形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在did（were）would/could/might/should +do 與現(xiàn)在事實相反虛擬與現(xiàn)在事實相反虛擬1. If 型型 If I _(meet ) Obama, I _(shake) hands with him. metmetwould shakewould shake與現(xiàn)在事實相反虛擬與現(xiàn)在事實相反虛擬If I _

5、(have) a lot of money, I _(buy) a villa(別墅別墅).hadwould buy與現(xiàn)在事實相反虛擬：與現(xiàn)在事實相反虛擬：如果我是一名百萬富翁，我會給匯龍中學(xué)如果我是一名百萬富翁，我會給匯龍中學(xué)建一個游泳池。如果我有足夠的錢，我為建一個游泳池。如果我有足夠的錢，我為每每一位學(xué)生提供免費的三餐。如果我是超人，一位學(xué)生提供免費的三餐。如果我是超人，我會把釣魚島搬到啟東旁邊，那就我會把釣魚島搬到啟東旁邊，那就- If I _ a millionaire, I _ (build) a swimming pool for Huilong Middle School. B

6、esides, if I _ enough money, I _ (supply) free meals to the students. And if I _ a superman, I _ (move) Diao Yu Islands to the side of Qidong. Then nobody _ (doubt) the fact that they are part of China.werewould buildhadwould supplywerewould moveGroup workcould doubt 與過去事實相反虛擬：與過去事實相反虛擬：If Jack hadn

7、t been on board the Titanic, he wouldnt have met Rose.If 從句從句的謂語形式的謂語形式 主句主句的謂語形式的謂語形式過去過去had donewould/could/might/should +have done與過去事實相反虛擬：與過去事實相反虛擬：If Jack hadnt been on board the Titanic, he wouldnt have met Rose. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would/could/should/might have met him

8、. If he _ (drive )more carefully, he _ (not have)the car accident yesterday.與過去事實相反虛擬：與過去事實相反虛擬：If I _ (learn ) how to swim,I _ (not be) trapped in this island.（與過去事實相反）（與過去事實相反）had learntwould not have beenWhat would have happened if the farmer hadnt seen the snake? If the farmer _(not see) the sna

9、ke, he _ (not put) it under his coat; if he _ (not put)it under his coat ,the snake _ (not bite)him;if the snake_ (not bite)him,he _(not die).hadnt seenwouldnt have puthadnt putwouldnt have bittenhadnt bittenwouldnt have died.(Groupwork：If 從句從句的謂語形式的謂語形式 主句主句的謂語形式的謂語形式將來將來 1.did（were）would/could/mig

10、ht/should +do2.should+do3. were to do與將來事實相反虛擬：與將來事實相反虛擬：If the students 5 days off next week, the students very happy.如果下星期同學(xué)們放五天假，同學(xué)們會很高興。如果下星期同學(xué)們放五天假，同學(xué)們會很高興。如果他明天起床早的話如果他明天起床早的話,他會準時的他會準時的.If heIf he gotgot up early tomorrow,up early tomorrow, hehe would bewould be on time.on time.If he If he we

11、re to getwere to get up , up ,If he If he should getshould get up early up early tomorrowtomorrow，If the God _(give) meanother chance，I_ (tell) the girl three words, “ I love you.” If I _(have to) set a time limit to our love, it_ (be)10,000 years! should give/were to give/gave would tellhad to woul

12、d be 如果上天能夠給我一個再來一次的機會，如果上天能夠給我一個再來一次的機會，我會對那個女孩子說三個字：我愛你。我會對那個女孩子說三個字：我愛你。如果非要在這份愛上加上一個期限，我希望是如果非要在這份愛上加上一個期限，我希望是-一萬年一萬年! 大話西游與將來事實相反虛擬與將來事實相反虛擬Groupwork虛擬If 從句謂語形式主句謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來did (were)had donewould/could/might/should +V. (原原) would/could/might/should +have done1. did2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to d

13、owould/could/might/should+V. (原原)虛擬語氣虛擬語氣1. If 型虛擬用法小結(jié)型虛擬用法小結(jié)Practice：1. I am not free today. If I _free today , I _ and visit some of my friends . A. am will go B. were , would go C. shall be D. be , must go2. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from going . A. had been , would have prevente

14、d B. had been, would prevent C. were, would prevent D. were, would have prevented3.If I were to see Tom, what _ you _ me to tell him? A. are ,going to ask B. do , ask C. would , ask D. did, ask省略省略if if 的虛擬的虛擬條件句條件句的倒裝的倒裝If I were Obamas daughther, If I were Obamas daughther, I would be happy.I woul

15、d be happy.Were IWere I If I had had another chance, If I had had another chance, I would have run faster.I would have run faster.Had I hadHad I had 小結(jié)：在虛擬語氣條件句中，可省略小結(jié)：在虛擬語氣條件句中，可省略 if，把，把were ,had, should 提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式If I were at school again, I would study harder.Were I at school again,

16、I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 1._, I would take the teachers suggestion that we read English aloud in the mornin

17、g.A. If I am you B. Were I youC. Am I you D. If I would be you2._ five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should arrive B. If you arriveC. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive3. _ it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.A. Were B. should C. wo

18、uld D. willPractice虛擬語氣虛擬語氣If型特例：混合條件句型特例：混合條件句：定義：當(dāng)從句與主句的動作發(fā)生的時間不同時，定義：當(dāng)從句與主句的動作發(fā)生的時間不同時，被稱為混合條件句或錯綜時間條件句，動詞的被稱為混合條件句或錯綜時間條件句，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.與過去相反與過去相反與現(xiàn)在相反與現(xiàn)在相反 If you _ my advice , you _ better now. If you _ hard befo

19、re, you _a college student now.1. 如果你聽我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會好多了如果你聽我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會好多了2. 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，你現(xiàn)在就會是大學(xué)生了如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，你現(xiàn)在就會是大學(xué)生了Practice:had followedwould behad studiedwould be四個建議四個建議六個要求六個要求insistorder, commandadvise, suggest, propose, recommenddemand, require, request, ask, desire, urge其后的賓語從句及其其后的賓語從句及其同根名詞同根名詞(

20、order,advice,suggestion,proposal,requirement,etc)引導(dǎo)的主語，表語，同位語從句中謂語動詞用引導(dǎo)的主語，表語，同位語從句中謂語動詞用(should) do虛擬語氣虛擬語氣2. Should +v 型型兩個命令兩個命令一個堅持一個堅持1）.在在賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句，主語賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句，主語從句從句(即名詞性從句）中。這種用法的詞有：即名詞性從句）中。這種用法的詞有：Translation 他建議我們早點回家。He suggested that we (should) go home earlier.It was sugges

21、ted that we (should) go home earlier.His suggestion was that we (should) go home earlier.He made an suggestion that we (should) go home earlier.虛擬語氣虛擬語氣賓語從句賓語從句主語從句主語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句TIPST. or F. You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. Your pale face suggests that you are ill. I insisted

22、 that you ( should) be wrong. I insisted that you were wrong.insist / suggest 各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣Insist 表示表示“堅決要求堅決要求”時，用虛擬形式，即時，用虛擬形式，即 should + do;Insist 表示表示“堅持認為，堅持說堅持認為，堅持說”時，用陳述語氣，表示事時，用陳述語氣，表示事實。實。Suggest 表示表示“建議建議”時，用虛擬形式。時，用虛擬形式。Suggest 表示表示“表明、暗示表明、暗示”時，用陳述語氣。時，用陳述語氣。FTFT虛擬語氣虛擬語氣P

23、ractice:1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try2 She demanded that the journalists _at once for Iraq. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to be left3.We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should

24、put off D. is to put off虛擬語氣虛擬語氣類似用法的詞有：類似用法的詞有：necessary，strange，natural，desired， a pity, a shame, no wonder, etc. that從句中的動詞用從句中的動詞用(should)+動詞原形動詞原形Should + V 型型2). It is important (necessary, strange) that .Practice：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must ta

25、keD. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told3.It was ordered that no smoking _ in the library. A. should allow B. be allowed C. will be allowed D. is allowedDBBwish / as if (though)/ If only 3.類似類似 if 型型虛擬語氣虛擬語氣would rather but for / without / ot

26、herwise Its (high/about) time +thatwishas if /as thoughif only+從句從句現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在: did（were）過去過去: had done未來未來: would/could/might +V.(原原)類似類似 if 型（型（1）I wish every day _my birthday.wereI wish I _ (eat)hadnt eatenhadnt eatenso much watermelon yesterday.(3) (3) 表示對將來的主觀愿望表示對將來的主觀愿望: : 從句動詞形從句動詞形式為式為 “ “ would /

27、 could / might動動詞原形詞原形”。有有shouldshould嗎？嗎？I wish it I wish it would would rainrain tomorrow. tomorrow.我希望明天會下雨。我希望明天會下雨。他那樣對待我他那樣對待我, , 好像我是陌生人似的。好像我是陌生人似的。He treats me as if I _ a stranger.as if/as though 虛擬用法同虛擬用法同wishwereHe talks about Rome as if he_(be) there before.had been1. If only I _(be) ri

28、ch.2. If only I _(take) the doctors advice then.3. If only I _(see) the beautiful girl again.if only 虛擬用法同虛擬用法同wish:werehad takencould see would rather +that 從句從句 寧愿。寧愿。過去時過去時過去完成時過去完成時與過去相反與過去相反與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在/將來相反將來相反類似類似 if 型（型（2）虛擬語氣虛擬語氣 I would rather you _(pay) me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I would rather you _ (go)

29、there yesterday. (過去過去) Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未來未來)paid had gonecamePracticeIt is (high/about) time that一般過去時一般過去時should + 動詞原形動詞原形此處此處should不省略不省略類似類似 if 型（型（3）1.It is high time the child _ to the hospital. A. is sent B. would be sent C. must be sent D. were sent2.Its hig

30、h time they_ this road. A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. will mendPractice類似類似 if 型（型（4）虛擬語氣虛擬語氣but for +n(要不是), without +n, otherwise(否則)一些短語相當(dāng)于虛擬條件從句（一些短語相當(dāng)于虛擬條件從句（if）, 其后的句子與其后的句子與if型虛擬中主句用法一致。型虛擬中主句用法一致。+句子句子would/could/might/should +V. (原原)would/could/might/should+have done與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在/將來相反將來

31、相反與過去相反與過去相反1. But for your help, we (make) such rapid progress.沒有你的幫助，我們是不會取得這么快的進展的。沒有你的幫助，我們是不會取得這么快的進展的。would not have made虛擬語氣虛擬語氣類似類似 if 型型2. Without air, there _ (be) no living things. 如果沒有空氣，就不會有生物如果沒有空氣，就不會有生物 would be3. Thanks to the brave young man, otherwise, the boy _(die).would have di

32、edSubjunctive moodIf 型型Should +v型型類似類似if型型。省略省略if，were, had ,should提前的倒裝句提前的倒裝句混雜條件句混雜條件句(各自為準各自為準)1. 一個堅持，兩個命令，一個堅持，兩個命令， 四個建議，六個要求。四個建議，六個要求。2. It is necessary/strange+that1. wish/as if /if only2. would rather3. It is (high/about) time that4. but for/without/ otherwise1.過去式過去式2.過去完成過去完成 3.would/co

33、uld/might +v 1.過去式過去式2.過去完成過去完成 過去式過去式should（不?。ú皇。?+v1.would/could/might/should+v2.would/could/might/should +have doneinsistsuggestConclusion：1. 判斷是否虛擬判斷是否虛擬2. 判斷虛擬類型判斷虛擬類型3. 判斷虛擬時間判斷虛擬時間Consolidation exercise:1. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. A. asked would know B. had asked would

34、have known C. asked him know D. had asked would know2. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. hasB. hadC. will have D. had had3. The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained4. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home

35、. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we wentDBBD Test:1.(2013北京)If we _ a table earlier, we couldnt be standing here in a queue. A. have bookedB. bookedC. book D. had booked2. (2013福建)-Do you think George has passed the driving test?-No. If so, he _ his car to our college yesterday. A. would drive B. d

36、rove C. would have driven D. had driven3.(2013江蘇) I should not have laughed if I _ you were serious. A. thought B. would think C. had thought D. have thought4. (2013陜西)My mom suggests that we_ eat out for a change this weekend. A. should B. might C. could D. would5.(2013天津) If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he _ able to speak it much better now. A. will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been 點擊高考點擊高考DCCAB 6.(2013浙江)Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old. A. was B. be C. were D. is 7.(2013安徽) I _ to