被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (9)

1、紅城中學(xué)紅城中學(xué) 張建榮張建榮 n英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài),主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。n主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者n例如：Many people speak English.n He opened the door.他開(kāi)了門他開(kāi)了門nWe can repair this watch in two days.n被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。n例如 English is spoken by many people. nThe door was opened.門被開(kāi)了。門被開(kāi)了。nThis watch ca

2、n be repaired by us in two days.2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成:“助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞be及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。即：構(gòu)成。即：be+vt.p.p助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞be的變化是根據(jù)人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。的變化是根據(jù)人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。3、 被動(dòng)動(dòng)態(tài)的使用：被動(dòng)動(dòng)態(tài)的使用：不知道不知道 或沒(méi)必要說(shuō)出或沒(méi)必要說(shuō)出 動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，可帶強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，可帶by短語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)。4、及物、及物 動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)大多數(shù)是物。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)

3、態(tài)的主語(yǔ)大多數(shù)是物。1.Bananas are grown in Hainan.(海南種植香焦。）海南種植香焦。）2.Many more trees will be planted in our school next year.（我們學(xué)校明年將種更多的樹我們學(xué)校明年將種更多的樹。）。）3.Were the trees planted by him.這些樹是他種的嗎這些樹是他種的嗎？9. The young trees must be look after well.(必須照看必須照看好小樹）好小樹）5. The building is being built. (那棟樓房正在建設(shè)中。）那棟樓

4、房正在建設(shè)中。）6.The homework has been finished yet. （家作已經(jīng)做完了。）（家作已經(jīng)做完了。）1. He teaches English in our school. English is taught in our school by him.語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換2 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned by us every day賓提前變主，主變介賓提前變主，主變介byby賓，賓，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：bebe加加P PP P（過(guò)去分詞）（過(guò)去分詞）, ,時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)看主動(dòng)態(tài)看主動(dòng)請(qǐng)

5、看請(qǐng)看：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):例：We clean our classroom every day. 主主 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)by+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)be+過(guò)去分詞Our classroom is cleaned by us every day注意注意把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，句子把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，句子的的時(shí)態(tài)不能變時(shí)態(tài)不能變。如上例，所給的主。如上例，所給的主動(dòng)句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)動(dòng)句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。態(tài)時(shí)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如果主動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，如果主動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，改為被動(dòng)句時(shí)作改為被動(dòng)句時(shí)作介詞介詞by的賓語(yǔ)，要的賓語(yǔ)，要用賓格用賓

6、格。如上例中的主語(yǔ)。如上例中的主語(yǔ)we改為改為us。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) amis are + v.p.p.1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： We use a recorder in our English class every day被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be +vt.p.p.A knife is used for cutting.A knife is not used for cutting.Is a knife used for cutting ?Yes, it is . No, it isnt.People grow bananas in Hainan.Bana

7、nas are grown in Hainan.A recorder is used in our English class every day.We planted many trees last years.Many trees were planted by us last year.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： was/were+vt.P.PHe cleaned the classroom yesterday. The classroom was cleaned yesterday.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：The car steal three

8、 days ago.The trees plant ten years ago.When the TV invent?My maths book (not bringthis morning .was stolenwere plantedwasnt broughtwasinvented3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)He can repair this watch in to daysThis watch can be repaired in two days.We should plant these trees at onceThese trees should be plante

9、d at once含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be +vt.P.PHe will teach Unit 7. Unit 7 will be taught by her.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Will/shall+be +vt.PPThey will plant many more trees next yearMore trees next year will be planted by them next year 4.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： Many countries have sent up satellit

10、es into space. Satellites have been sent up into space by many countries .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ):Have/has+been +PPI have given the book to the libraryThe book has been given to the library5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ):現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： be+being+ppOur teacher is teaching Unit 6.They are watering the flowers.

11、Unit 6 is being taught by Ourteacher . The flowers are being planted by them6. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.She gave me a book.如如 遇雙賓語(yǔ)，最好變間賓（人），如若遇雙賓語(yǔ)，最好變間賓（人），如若變直賓（物），間賓前加介詞變直賓（物），間賓前加介詞to/for（give pass,lend,write, buy）Her father bought her a new wa

12、tchShe was bought a new watch by her fatherA new watch was bought for her by her father7.含有雙賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)含有雙賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)態(tài)He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him.這些動(dòng)詞真奇怪，這些動(dòng)詞真奇怪，主動(dòng)句中主動(dòng)句中to 離開(kāi)，被動(dòng)句離開(kāi)，被動(dòng)句中中to回回 來(lái)來(lái)(listen to , hear ,look at , see, watch ,feel, make/have, let ,help)8.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

13、省略to I saw many students play soccer on the playground Many students were saw to play soccer on the playground They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被注意：含動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，須將其看作一動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，須將其看作一個(gè)整體，不可把它們分個(gè)整體，不可把它們分隔開(kāi)來(lái)。隔開(kāi)來(lái)。9. 含動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，含動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，The young trees must be l

14、ook after wellWe must look after the trees well1.Bananas in Hainan.(海南種植香焦。）海南種植香焦。）2.Many more trees in our school next year.（我們學(xué)校明年將種更多的樹我們學(xué)校明年將種更多的樹。）。）3. the trees by him.這些樹是他種這些樹是他種的嗎的嗎？9. The young trees well.(必須照看必須照看好小樹）好小樹）5. The building (那棟樓房正在建設(shè)那棟樓房正在建設(shè)中。）中。）6.The homework yet. （家作已經(jīng)做完了

15、。）（家作已經(jīng)做完了。）are grownwill be plantedWereplantedmust be look afteris being builthas been finishedDDBDD將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，每空一詞。將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，每空一詞。1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _ _ _ in two days.2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou.3. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children. 4. You neednt do it now. It _ _ _ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.A New Year Card