動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化規(guī)律

1、記憶法一：常見93個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)律歸納如下：一、AAA型，即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。（共9個(gè)）costcostcostcutcutcuthithithithurthurthurtletletletputputputreadreadreadsetsetsetshutshutshut二、ABB型，即過去式、過去分詞相同。（共41個(gè)）1過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。（3個(gè)）bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthought2詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。（4個(gè)）buildbuiltbuiltlendlentl

2、ent完美整理sendsentsentspendspentspent3過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。（2個(gè)）catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaught4 把-eep變?yōu)?ept。（3個(gè)）keepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweepsweptswept5 把-ell變?yōu)?old。（2個(gè)）telltoldtoldsellsoldsold6過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。（4個(gè)）smellspellfeelsmeltsmeltspeltspeltfeltfeltspillspiltspilt7過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。（3個(gè)）le

3、arnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantspoilspoiltspoilt8過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。（4個(gè)）saysaidsaidpaypaidpaidlaylaidlaidhearheardheard9 改變?cè)糇帜?。?1個(gè)）meetmetmetgetgotgotsitsatsatfindfoundfoundholdheldheldspitspatspatshineshoneshonewinwonwonhanghunghungdigdugdugloselostlost10 改變輔音字母。（1個(gè)）makemademade11 改變?cè)?、輔音字母。（4個(gè)）leaveleftl

4、eftstandstoodstoodhave（has）hadhadunderstandunderstoodunderstood三、ABC型，即原形、過去式、過去分詞都不相同。（共35個(gè)）1iau變化。（6個(gè)）beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunksingsangsungringrangrungswimswamswumsinksanksunk2詞尾為-ow,-aw時(shí)，過去式將其變?yōu)?ew,過去分詞在其原形后加n。（5個(gè)）blowblewblowndrawdrewdrawngrowgrewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrown（show除外）3詞

5、尾為“i+輔（1個(gè)）+e”，過去式將i變?yōu)閛,過去分詞多在原形后加n,若那個(gè)輔音字母為d或t，須雙寫d或t后加n。（4個(gè)）（give，hide除外）drivedrovedrivenwritewrotewrittenrideroderiddenriseroserisen4過去分詞在過去式后加（e）n。（5個(gè)）breakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenspeakspokespokenwakewokewoken5過去分詞由過去式加-ten構(gòu)成。（1個(gè)）forgetforgotforgotten6過去分詞由原形加（e）n構(gòu)成。（6個(gè)）bewas

6、(were)beeneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenseesawseenhidehidhidden(hid)7詞尾為-ake時(shí)，過去式將其變?yōu)?ook,過去分詞在原形詞后加-n。（2個(gè)）taketooktakenmistakemistookmistaken8原形、過去式和過去分詞都不相同。（6個(gè)）dodiddoneflyflewflowngoliewentgonelaylainshowshowedshownwearworeworn四、AAB型，即過去式和原形相同。（1個(gè)）beatbeatbeaten五、ABA型，即過去分詞和原形相同。（3個(gè)）come

7、camecomebecomebecamebecomerunranrun六、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞型，只有原形和過去式，沒有過去分詞。（4個(gè)）cancouldmaymightwillwouldshallshould記憶法二：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞相對(duì)于規(guī)則動(dòng)詞來說，難記得多，是最難對(duì)付的一類詞。學(xué)生難學(xué)，老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無章的，可根據(jù)其中的一些內(nèi)部規(guī)律來記憶。下面給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法，以期大家在攻克這一難關(guān)時(shí)，能收到事半功倍的效果。一、原形、過去式、過去分詞相同：costcuthithurtletputreadshut（細(xì)心的你一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結(jié)尾的。）、原形、過去式相同，過去分詞不同：

8、beatbeatbeaten三、原形、過去分詞相同，過去式不同：comecamecomebecomebecamebecomerunranrun（come,become,屬不規(guī)則變化，但welcome屬規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其過去式、過去分詞為：welcomed.welcomed)四、過去式，過去分詞相同：(1) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)emeetmetmetfeedfedfed(2) 去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)e,然后再在詞尾加tfeelfeltfeltsleepsleptsleptkeepkeptkeptsweepsweptswept詞尾為的丨丨去掉一個(gè)丨加tspellspeltspeltsmellsme

9、ltsmeltspillspiltspilt(4) 過去式和過去分詞以aught或ought結(jié)尾catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaughtbringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthought(5) 將stand改為stoodstandstoodstoodunderstandunderstoodunderstood(6) 將ay改為aidlaylaidlaidpaypaidpaidsaysaidsaid(7) 將d改為tlendlentlentspendspentspentsendsentsentbuildbuilt

10、built(8) 將i改為a,o,u等sitsatsatspitspatspatdigdugdugwinwonwon(9) 將ell改為oldtelltoldtoldsellsoldsold(10) 詞尾加tlearnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantdreamdreamtdreamtspoilspoiltspoilt(11) 有兩種過去式和過去分詞,一種是不規(guī)則的,一種是規(guī)則的：learnlearntlearntshineshoneshonehanghunghungsmellsmeltsmeltburn/burnt/burntlight/lii/litlearnlearne

11、dlearnedshineshinedshinedhanghangedhangedsmellsmelledsmelledburn/burned/burnedlight/lighted/lighted(12) 其它have(has)hadhadshootshotshotholdheldheldfindfoundfoundleaveleftlefthearheardheardloselostlostgetgotgot(AmEgotten)makemademade五、三者均不同：(1) 過去式以ew結(jié)尾、過去分詞以own結(jié)尾blowblewblownflyflewflowngrowgrewgrown

12、knowknewknownthrowthrewthrown值得注意的是:showshowedshown或showeddrawdrewdrawn(2) 改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞beginbeganbegunringrangrungdrinkdrankdrunksingsangsungswimswamswumsinksanksunk(3) 改i為o變成過去式，過去分詞以n結(jié)尾drivedrovedrivenriseroserisenwritewrotewrittenrideroderidden(4) 原形后加n變成過去分詞drivedrovedrivenriseroserisene

13、atateeatengivegavegivenfallfellfallen(5) 過去式后加n變成過去分詞breakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenmistakemistookmistakenstealstolestolenspeakspokespokentaketooktakenwake/woke/woken（或woke）(6)其它be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgottengowentgonehidehidhiddenseesawseenwearworeworn、有兩種過去式和

14、過去分詞，但詞義相同。wakewokewoken（或woke）wakewakedwaked七、動(dòng)詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義：shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞：shoneshone照耀shinedshined擦亮hunghung懸掛hangedhanged絞死八、兩個(gè)既可以做過去式，又可以做動(dòng)詞原形的詞lie躺臥lay/lain/lying（現(xiàn)在分詞）lay放，下蛋l(fā)aidlaidlayingfind找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find/found/foundfound創(chuàng)建，成立found/founded/founded九、根據(jù)動(dòng)詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來記憶(一)詞義相對(duì)：(1) come

15、camecome來gowentgone去(2) give/gave/given給get/got/got(AmEgotten)獲得(3) sleep/slept/slept睡覺一ake/woke/woken(或woke)或wake/waked/waked醒來(4) rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起all/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉(5) buy/bought/bought買sell/sold/sold出售,賣(6) take/took/taken帶去bring/brought/brought帶來

16、(7) teach/taught/taught教learn/learnt/learnt或learn/learned/learned學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會(huì)(8) lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗ind/found/found找到win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝(9) stand/stood/stood站、立sit/sat/sat坐(10) send/sent/sent送、寄、發(fā)送get/got/got獲得、收到(二)詞義相近：(1) beatbeatbeaten打,打敗winwonwon贏得、獲勝(2) understandunderstoodunderstood懂,了解knowknewknown

17、知道,了解,認(rèn)識(shí)(3) get/got/got(AmEgotten)變成、成為、變得becomebecamebecome變成,成為,變得go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成(4) spend/spent/spent花費(fèi)、度過pay/paid/paid支付、交納cost/cost/cost花費(fèi)、價(jià)值為take/took/taken花費(fèi)(5) say/said/said說、講speak/spoke/spoken說、演講tell/told/told告訴、說、吩咐、斷定talk/talked/talked談話,講,談?wù)?議論記憶法三：1無變化，過去式與原形相同。cost

18、letTlet,putTput,hitThit,mustTmust,setTset,beatTbeat,castTcast,Tcost,cutTcut,hurtThurt,readTred,shutTshut(shedTshedsplitTsplitspreadTspreadburstTburst)2元音字母的變化。iTa:beginTbegan,drinkTdrank,ringTrang,singTsang,swimTswam,giveTgave,sitTsat,sinkTsankiTo:driveTdrove,rideTrode,shineTshone,writeTwrote,riseTrose,winTwon,(striveTstroveariseTarose)iTou:findTfound(windTwound,b