圖表式作文寫作要求學(xué)生通過對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)和文字內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析

1、圖表式作文寫作要求學(xué)生通過對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)和文字內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析與討論,系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)內(nèi)容,并得出令人心服的結(jié)論。圖表式作文有以下幾種形式:一是以表格形式,將統(tǒng)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)或被說明的事物直接用表格形式體現(xiàn)出來,即統(tǒng)計(jì)表。二是以圖形形式,可分為以曲線形式表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的線形圖;以條形方式表示數(shù)據(jù)的大小或數(shù)量之間的差異的條形圖;以圓內(nèi)扇形的大小表示總體內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)變化的圓形圖。圖表式作文寫作分三步:第一、開門見山地點(diǎn)明本圖表所反映的主題經(jīng)常使用的詞匯有:table, chart, figure, graph, describe, tell, show, represent等等。第二、 分析數(shù)據(jù)間的主要差異及趨勢(shì),然后描寫

2、在描寫數(shù)據(jù)間變化及總趨勢(shì)特征時(shí),可采用分類式或?qū)Ρ仁揭灾С种黝},并闡明必要的理由。要注意層次清楚。經(jīng)常使用的詞匯有:rise, drop, reduce, increase, decrease, fall, while, but, on the contrary, however, compare. to/ with., in contrast to, as.as, the same as, similar to, different from, difference between, among, more than, less than等等。第三、 歸納總結(jié)或發(fā)表評(píng)論。有時(shí)第三步可省略 經(jīng)

3、常使用的詞匯有:in a word, in short, generally speaking, Its clear from the chart that., We can draw the conclusion that., We can learn/know.等等。 【例析1】請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表提供的信息寫一篇題為Changes in Chinese Peoples Diet的短文,短文可分為三小節(jié):1)state the changes in peoples diet in the past five years;2)give possible reasons for the changes

4、;3)draw your own conclusions.注意:1. 盡可能少引用數(shù)據(jù); 2. 詞數(shù)100左右。 分析:本統(tǒng)計(jì)表描述中國人民從1998年至2002年飲食結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。第一步:點(diǎn)明主題。There have been some changes in the diet of the Chinese people.第二步:觀察圖表中數(shù)據(jù)的增減總趨勢(shì),分類式闡明,并說明原因。Grain, the main food of the most people in China, is now playing a less important role. The amount of fruit

5、and vegetables in the average persons diet has also dropped by 1.5 percent from 1998 to 2002. The amount of milk and meat has increased.The changes in diet can be explained by several reasons. For one thing, with the development of the economy, people can afford to buy better foods. For another, peo

6、ple have realized the importance of a balanced diet.第三步:歸納總結(jié)并得出結(jié)論。In a word, the changes are the signs of the improvement in peoples lives. There is no doubt that there will be greater changes in peoples diet in the future. 【例析2】根據(jù)下面所給兩幅圖,完成100詞左右的一篇短文(首句已給出)。參考詞匯: expenses: n. 支出,費(fèi)用 The Average Fam

7、ily Expenses The average family income in the U. S. has increased._ 分析: 第一步:點(diǎn)明本圓形圖所表明的主題。 The average family income in the U.S. has increased. The way the average family spends its income has also changed. 第二步:描述兩個(gè)圓形內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)間的變化。 In 1997, 25% of the income was spent on housing and 18% on food and drink.

8、57% was used to meet all other expenses. In 2002, 32% was spent on housing, a big increase. Food and drink consumed 22%. The remaining expenses amount to 46%. 第三步:總結(jié)。 Its clear from the charts that as incomes increase people can afford to live more comfortably and eat more. 例文分析： 某學(xué)校對(duì)中學(xué)生課余活動(dòng)進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，結(jié)果

9、如下。請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖表1提供的信息描述 學(xué)生每天的課余活動(dòng)，并針對(duì)圖表2中 任何一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)中反映的情況寫出你的 一個(gè)看法。詞數(shù)不少于60。 一、內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)： 1. 圖表1中六項(xiàng)活動(dòng)及所用時(shí)間 2. 圖表2中一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)反映的情況 3. 自己的一個(gè)看法 二、說明： 1. 內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)可用不同方式表達(dá)。 2. 可以緊扣主題的適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。 Chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students of the school spend on different after-class activities. The students put the most

10、 time93 minutesinto their homework, and next in line is watching TV, which takes up 46 minutes. They put in about the same amount of time listening to music and working on the computer, 34 minutes and 30 minutes each. While 25 minutes is spent on sports, only 12 minutes goes into housework. As is sh

11、own on Chart 2, only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. I think the school should encourage the students to do more exercise after class. Only in this way, can they be healthier and more energetic. 激活練習(xí): 根據(jù)所給圖表,寫一篇題為電影與電視的短文。短文須包括以下要求: A. 電影觀眾人數(shù)呈逐年下降趨勢(shì); B. 電視觀眾人數(shù)越來越多(原因:方便、經(jīng)濟(jì)、選擇范圍);

12、 C. 然而還是有人喜歡看電影(原因:氣氛、娛樂)。 注意:(1)短文須包括主要內(nèi)容,可適當(dāng)增減,使內(nèi)容連貫; (2)詞數(shù)100左右; (3)開頭語已寫好。(注:下面參考范文的劃線部分即是給出的開頭語。) 參考詞匯: decrease v. 下降 atmosphere n. 氛圍 entertainment n. 娛樂 film goer/TV watcher電影/電視觀眾(a):Number of TV watchers (b):Number of film goers參考范文: From the table, we can see that film is giving way to TV

13、 in our city. For example, in 1992, there were less than 10 thousand TV watchers, more than 80 thousand film goers, while in 2002, we had about 1 million TV watchers but only about 10 thousand film goers. The number of film goers is decreasing and that of TV watchers is increasing. Televisions are quite common nowadays and so more and more people turn to TV because it is convenient and ch