2020年高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)：語(yǔ)法填空專練(4)

1、語(yǔ)法填空專練(四)A(20 18 濟(jì)南 5 月模擬)Woodblock paintings (木版畫)are often hung at homes during the Chinese Lunar New Year.For many Chinese, the bright-colored paintings are quite time-limited. As soon as the festival comes to an end, these print works are at once thrown away. _ 1_, these short-livedNew Year pain

2、tings require a year of hard work by the artists, many of _2_ have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.Yang Luoshu, a 92-year-old man from Weifang City, Shandong Province, is 3 those who have had a great love of the art. Yang has worked as _4_ craftsman for 77 years, and has kept

3、improving his carving skills with every piece of work.Yangjiabu New Year woodblock paintings, which Yang has fallen in love with, _5_ (appear) in the Ming Dynasty. As a national cultural heritage, it is now one of China's three _6_ (representative) of traditional folk paintings for the New Year,

4、 together with Tianjin's Yangliuqing and Suzhou's Taohuawu._7_ (run) a centuries-old folk art family workshop named Tongshunde, Yang has carved allkinds of images, including flowers, birds, mountains, rivers and traditional Chinese gods. But he realizes that something must be changed _8_ (ma

5、ke) sure handmade New Year paintings live on. ”Weare now th inking about development, allowing the paintings to be more 9 (create) ,” he said. For him, the next thing to do is to find qualified successors to ensure that the skills _ 10 (pass) to younger generations.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了畢生致力于中國(guó)年畫的藝術(shù)家Y

6、ang Luoshu的故事。1 .答案與解析：However考查副詞。根據(jù)上文中的"thrown away”和下文中的"require a year of hard work ”可知，上下句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，一旦新年結(jié)束，這些印刷作品就會(huì)被扔掉。然而，這些短 壽命的年畫卻需要藝術(shù)家們一年的辛勤工作。故填However。注意首字母大寫。2 .答案與解析：whom考查定語(yǔ)從句?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“ artists ; 指人，位于介 詞of后，應(yīng)用whom此處指許多藝術(shù)家把一生都獻(xiàn)給了這種傳統(tǒng)的民間藝術(shù)。故填 whom3 .答案與解析：among考查介詞。句意為： Yan

7、g Luoshu , 一位來(lái)自山東省濰坊市的92歲老人，是那些熱愛這項(xiàng)藝術(shù)的人中的一個(gè)。among意為“在之中"，符合語(yǔ)境。故填among。4 .答案與解析：a 考查冠詞。此處指 Yang Luoshu作為一名工匠工作了77年。而且craftsman 是讀音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填 a。5 .答案與解析：appeared考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。分析句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知，"which Yang has fallen in lovewith”是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞"woodblock paintings : 所以此處 appear是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)appeared 。in t

8、he Ming Dynasty ”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填6 .答案與解析：representatives 考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)前面的"one of”可知，此處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 representatives 。7 .答案與解析：Running 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)；因?yàn)閯?dòng) 詞run與其邏輯主語(yǔ)“ Yang”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填 Running。注意首字母大寫。8 .答案與解析：to make考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：但他意識(shí)到必須改變一些東西，以確保手工制作的年畫繼續(xù)存在。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。故填 to ma

9、ke。9 .答案與解析：creative考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)前面的"more”可知，此處構(gòu)成形容詞的比較級(jí)，意為“更有創(chuàng)造性的"。故填 creative 。10 .答案與解析：will be passed考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。pass這個(gè)動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生，所以用一般將來(lái)時(shí)；又因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞pass與“the skills ”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填will bepassed。B11 0 18 石家莊質(zhì)量檢硬U二 ) Whenit comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike

10、in the West, _ /_ everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes _2_ (place) on the table and everybody shares. If you're being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food.During eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests _3_ (show) his or her politenes

11、s. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is. If you don't like it, you can just say a polite“thank you ” , with the food _4_ (leave) there.But don't stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, it's very impolite _5_ the host and seniors who ar

12、e present at the table.At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldn't turn the fish over by saying "fan" , which is 6 Chinese word for “turn over” , which is considered bad luck for 7 (fisherman) and their boats. The _8_ (separate) of the fish bone from the lower half of

13、 the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially true in southern China.These tips above will be 9 (extreme) useful when you visit China, an 10 (east) countrywith a long history.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】就餐禮儀因文化不同而不同。本文主要介紹了中國(guó)的餐桌文化。1 .答案與解析：where 考查定語(yǔ)從句。空處是關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the West ,同時(shí)在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。【知識(shí)

14、儲(chǔ)備】常見的引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞有三個(gè)：when, where和why;它們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中都作狀語(yǔ)，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因。This is the reason why he was late for school this morning.這就是他今早上學(xué)遲至 U 的原因。2 .答案與解析：are placed考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句子講述的是客觀情況，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)the dishes 與動(dòng)詞place之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。3 .答案與解析：to show 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主人上菜給客人，附帶有公筷，這是為了表示對(duì)客人的 禮貌。空處作目的狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。4 .

15、答案與解析：left考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為 with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，空處作賓語(yǔ) the food 的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ), 并且the food 與leave之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞。5 .答案與解析：to 考查介詞。be polite/impolite to sb.是固定短語(yǔ)，意思是“對(duì)某人禮貌/不禮貌”。7 .答案與解析：fishermen 空處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。8 .答案與解析：separation 應(yīng)填名詞。9 .答案與解析：extremely10 .答案與解析：eastern 所以要用 eastern 。6 .答案與解析：the 考查冠詞?！癴an”就是漢字里表示“翻過來(lái)”的意思。此處

16、表示特指，故要 用定冠詞the 。考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。fisherman為可數(shù)名詞，且其前無(wú)限定詞修飾，故考查名詞?？仗幥懊嬗卸ü谠~the修飾，再結(jié)合空后的 of可知，空處考查副詞?？仗幮揎椇竺娴男稳菰~useful ,作狀語(yǔ)，要用副詞。考查形容詞。空處作定語(yǔ)，修飾后面的名詞country ,表示“東方的”，C(20 18 山東省高三下學(xué)期高考預(yù)測(cè))The famous Peking opera artist Yuan Huiqin hosted twoculture talks 1 were called “Charm (魅力)of Peking Opera" in Stockholm

17、 and St. Petersburg last year.The two sessions, as programs of Chinese Culture Talk, _2_ (organize) by the Bureau forExternal Cultural Relations of the Ministry of Culture of China, Chinese embassies and localcultural organizations. _3_ (member) of Chinese embassies, famous sinologists (漢學(xué)家)andthose

18、 _4_ (show) an interest in Peking opera, attended the two culture talks.The host, Yuan Huiqin, is a national class-A artist of China National PekingOpera Companyand a winner of the Plum Blossom Prize. During the talks, she _5_ (patient) shared the charm of Peking opera in more than one way.With the

19、help of the local sinologists, _6_ (she) talks were translated into Swedish andRussian. These words explored the concepts and artistic characteristics of _7_ (tradition)_Chinese operas, which got audience _8_ (experience) the distinct charm of Peking opera._9_ addition,young artists from the China N

20、ational Peking Opera Company performed classic opera selections. During the interaction of the talks, some opera lovers performed with youngartists and on _ 10_ spot the audience tried costumes (戲裝)of Peking opera with great curiosity.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文屬于說明文。京劇名家袁慧琴在瑞典的斯德哥爾摩和俄羅斯的圣彼得堡主持了兩場(chǎng)京劇文化交流活動(dòng)。1 .答案與解析：whi

21、ch/that考查定語(yǔ)從句。空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是talks ,空處在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用 which或that 。2 .答案與解析：were organized考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處講述的是過去的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；主語(yǔ)是The two sessions ,與organize 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！疽族e(cuò)分析】本題容易做錯(cuò)，考生可能由于沒看懂句子結(jié)構(gòu)而將空處作為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞處理，或者由于沒看清主語(yǔ)是誰(shuí)而誤填was organized 。3 .答案與解析：Members考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)本句中的 of Chinese embassies可知，應(yīng)用member的復(fù)數(shù)形式。4 .答案與解

22、析：showing 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?？仗幨欠侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，show與those是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。5 .答案與解析：patiently 考查副詞。此處修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故用副詞。6 .答案與解析：her考查代詞。她的演講被翻譯成瑞典語(yǔ)和俄語(yǔ)。故使用she的形容詞性物主代詞。7 .答案與解析：traditional考查形容詞。這里使用形容詞修飾后面的Chinese operas ,表示“傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)戲劇”。8 .答案與解析：to experience考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。get sb. to do sth. 表示“使某人做某事”，experience在此作動(dòng)詞用，表示“經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)”。9

23、.答案與解析：In考查介詞。in addition 意為“此外，除此之外"，相當(dāng)于 besides。10 .答案與解析：the 考查冠詞。on the spot "當(dāng)場(chǎng)"，是固定搭配，故填 the。D(20 18 廣州綜合測(cè)試二 )Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food. Yet today there is clear evidence that the ocean has a limit. Most of the

24、 big fish in our ocean are now _ 1_ (go). One major cause is overfishing. People are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace _2_ (they) _For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their community'sneeds. However, from the early 20th century

25、, people around the world became interested _3_consuming protein-rich foods. People began _4_ (catch) large quantities of fish for profitand selling them to worldwide markets. In a very short period of time, commercial fishing _5_(great) reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tu

26、na.Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, _6_ they're mostly just the little ones.-largelySmall fish, _7_ include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number because there are not enough big fish _8_ (eat) them.Such large fish _9_ (be) necessary, because they hunt and kil

27、l the sick and weak smaller fish. Without this weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less able to survive _ 10_ (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了海洋中大魚數(shù)量減少的原因以及由此而造成的后果。1 .答案與解析：gone

28、考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作表語(yǔ)，故填形容詞gone,意為“不 在了，不見了”。注意：此處非被動(dòng)的含義?！局R(shí)儲(chǔ)備】過去分詞和被動(dòng)形式的區(qū)別在于，過去分詞表示狀態(tài)，而被動(dòng)形式則強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。2 .答案與解析：themsekes考查代詞。根據(jù)該從句的主語(yǔ)為many species可知，此處應(yīng)用其反身代詞，表示“自我替換”。3 .答案與解析：in考查介詞。be/become interested in意為“對(duì)感興趣“，為固定用法，故用介詞in。4 .答案與解析：catching考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。begin doing/to do sth. 意為“開始做某事“，是固定用法，又由句中的"

29、and selling ”可知，此處與 selling 是并列關(guān)系，形式應(yīng)相同，故填 catching 。5 .答案與解析：greatly考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞一般用副詞，故用副詞 greatly 修飾動(dòng)詞reduced ,在句中作狀語(yǔ)。6 .答案與解析：but考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故用連詞but o7 .答案與解析：which考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞Small fish ,故用which。8 .答案與解析：to eat考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。enough. to do sth. 意為“足夠的去做:為固定用法，故用不定式

30、。9 .答案與解析：are考查主謂一致。根據(jù)本句中的they可知，Such large fish表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。10 .答案與解析：difficulties考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中所列舉的各種困難可知，此處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表種類，故用 difficulties 。E11 0 18 長(zhǎng)春市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)一 )The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbin's main tourist highlight. It is the world's biggest winter festival. The _ 1_ (b

31、itter) cold winters are just right for this festival._2_ sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the _3_(beauty) lighting. It is bigger than _4_ ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec.At first, mainly the Chinese _5_ (participate), but in the last decade, it has becom

32、e anparticipation,international festival and _6_ (compete). As the festival grows in internationaland as China's economy grows, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps _7_ (grow). The works making up these exhibits are astonishing, and their size and beauty are amazin

33、g.The lighting_8_ (effect) on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow Sculpture Festivalare technologically complex.Officially, the festival _9_ (hold) from the end of December through February. Opening dates keep changing, and ending dates partly depend _ 10_ the weather.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了哈爾濱冰雕

34、節(jié)的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀。1 .答案與解析：bitterly考查副詞。空處修飾形容詞cold ,所以要用副詞。bitterly cold “極其寒冷的”。2 .答案與解析：What考查主語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，指“的東西”， 故填What。3 .答案與解析：beautiful考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處的 lighting是名詞，意為"燈光"，所以要用形容詞來(lái)修飾。4 .答案與解析：the 考查冠詞。空后的ones指festivals ,后面給出了具體的地點(diǎn)，故空處表特指，應(yīng)填定冠詞the。5 .答案與解析：participated考查時(shí)態(tài)?？仗幩钤~在句中作謂

35、語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) At first 可知，此處描述的是過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。6 .答案與解析：competition 考查名詞。空處與前面的名詞festival 并列，故填所給詞的名詞形式。7 .答案與解析：growing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。keep (on) doing sth.是固定用法，表示“繼續(xù)做某事”，故填 growing 。8 .答案與解析：effects考查名詞。effect在此處意為“效果”，根據(jù)后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are可知，空處要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。9 .答案與解析：is held考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處描述的是現(xiàn)在的客觀情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；thefestival 與hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)

36、系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。10 .答案與解析：on/upon 考查介詞。depend on/upon意為"取決于"，是固定搭配。F(20 18 銀川檢測(cè))Rajesh Naik _ 1 _ (transform) 120 acres of wasteland into an organic farm, providing an _2_ (inspire) example of the efforts to create a large lake.“I come from a family of agriculturalists and this land is my ancestr

37、al land, _3_ hardrock structures make it difficult to hold water. People thought it was impossible to farm this land and _4_ I was throwing away my career. However, I was determined to work on developing the water resources in the area , “ says Rajesh.It took a lot of financial resources and time _5

38、_ (create) the lake, which is enough to irrigate ( 灌溉)the whole farm. This has not only encouraged plant _6_ (grow) in the area, but also helped in increasing the water table (地下水位)in the surrounding areas _7_ the farm. Besides growing fruit and vegetables, Rajesh has also started a dairy farm that has _8_ (many) than 200 cows.“If this model _9_ (carr