Unit 2 Iron and the effects of exercises

1、Iron and the Effects of Exercise Teaching Objective Learn the background information on iron and the consequences of iron defects. Understand the main idea and structure in this text.Grasp the language points and sentence structure (appositive/ absolute structure) of this unit.writing skill: cause a

2、nd effect Leading in: Exercise & Health & ironnPositive effects of exercises?nNegative effects?nRelationship between iron & exercises?page 30Everyone needs iron to grow and stay healthy. It is found in many parts of the body. Choose one thing iron works in your body: a. It helps your fingernails sta

3、y smooth.b. It helps to carry oxygen from lungs to cells.c. It helps your hair stay healthy.d. It helps to strengthen your muscles.Question 1 Question 1 / 10Pre-reading : warming up-a QUIZ 32Ironcarriesoxygenfromyourlungstoallpartsofyourbody.Ironalsobuildsredbloodcells.Withoutenoughiron,youmayfeelti

4、redandhavetroubleconcentrating.1.TheanswerisB.32Everyone requires a different amount of dietary iron to stay healthy. Which of the groups below needs the most iron each day? Question 2 / 10a. infants,7-12 months oldb. teen girls,14- 18 years oldc. men,19-50 years oldd. women,19- 50 years oldQuestion

5、 232Women1950yearsoldneedmoreironthananyotheragegroups.Womenneedthemostironbecausetheylosevaryingamountsduringthemenstruation(月經(jīng)期).2.TheanswerisD.32You may be iron deficient if you are a woman and _.a.havealongmenstrualperiodb.donatebloodoftenc.donteatmeat,fishorpoultryd.alloftheaboveQuestion 3 / 10

6、Question 3323.TheanswerisD (alloftheabove).Bloodlossofanykindandnoteatingmeat,fishorpoultrymayleadtoirondeficiency.32There are two types of iron. One is heme(亞鐵血亞鐵血紅素紅素), which is easily absorbed by the body; and the other is non-heme, which is not as wellabsorbed. Choose one food that contains heme

7、 iron. Question 4 / 10c. red kidney beansQuestion 4a. beef hamburgerb. eggs324.TheanswerisA.Hemeironisfoundinallmeat,fishandpoultry.Non-hemeiron,whichisnotsowellabsorbed,canbefoundinfoodssuchasnuts,beans,cerealsandeggs.32You may be iron deficient if you _. Question 6 / 10a.oftenfeeltiredb.lookpalec.

8、havedifficultyconcentratingd.alloftheaboveQuestion 532Symptomsofirondeficiencymayinclude:lookingpale,feelingtired,havingtroubleconcentrating,feelingoutofbreath,nothavingenoughenergy,andfeelingirritable.5.TheanswerisD (alloftheabove).32The amount of non-heme iron you absorb is affected by other foods

9、. Choose one food that increases the absorption of non-heme iron. Question 7 / 10a. orangesb. whole grain breadsc. yoghurtd. teaQuestion 632OrangesareagoodsourceofvitaminC,whichcanincreasetheamountofnon-hemeironabsorbedbyuptofourtimes.Meat,fishandpoultrycanalsoincreasetheabsorptionofnon-hemeiron.Sub

10、stancesinteaandcoffeecanlowertheamountofnon-hemeironyourbodycanuse.6.TheanswerisA (oranges).32People who do not eat meat, fish or poultry need to _. Question 8 / 10eatfoodsenrichedorfortifiedwithironhavevitaminC-richfoodswiththeirmealsavoidteaandcoffeeduringtheirmealsdoalloftheabove Question 732Meat

11、,fishorpoultryandvitaminC-richfoodsincreasetheabsorptionofnon-hemeironinthediet.Peoplewhomostlyhavenon-hemeironeachday,needtoconsumemoreirontomeettheirbodiesneed.7.TheanswerisD (alloftheabove).32Question 10 / 10A good way to maintain a healthy level of iron in the body is to _. a.eatiron-fortifiedbr

12、eakfastcerealsoftenb.enjoyavarietyofmeatdishesonaregularbasisc.includevitaminC-richvegetablesinyourmealsd.doallofthese All of theseQuestion 8328.TheanswerisD(alloftheabove).3232Global Reading: structure analysis What is the relation between Para. 1 and Para. 2&3? Find out the general effect and 4 co

13、urses in Para. 4. Find out the specific causes in Para. 5 and Para. 6 respectively. What are the 3 stages illustrated in Para.7? According to John Beard, what kind of mistake do people always make? Whats wrong with the traditional way to check iron reserves? Find out suggested ways to correct iron l

14、oss in Para. 10 and Para. 11.Part I (Para 1-3)Part I (Para 1-3) exercises, even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.(Para. 1)supportingdetails2)Roseanne M. Lyles study shows.(Para. 2) 3) The new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed a decrease in iron levels.

15、 (Para. 3) Central topic:Part II (Para 4-6)Part II (Para 4-6)General Effect (apra.4) general causes (para.4)1. ignore the amount of iron they take in2. monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss3. rejrcting red meat4. not consume enough iron-rich food Why are women more likely to suffer from ir

16、on deficiency?Effect(Para4):Iron deficiency is very common among women.teenagers1/4womenaged18to451/5activewomen80%womenofchildbearingageatgreatestriskPart II (Para 4-6)Part II (Para 4-6)General Effect: iron deficiency is very common among women in general Cause2: (para.6)Exercise can result in iron

17、 loss through a variety of mechanisms. Cause1: (para.5)Takes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance of ironSweat Bleeding of digestive systemBlood vessels problem:problem: (para.7)3 stages of iron deficiency no symptomsfatigue and poorperformanceoften feel weak, tired and out of breat

18、hno matter which stage you are in, harm is there (para. 8)solutions:solutions:blood test to check iron reserves (para.9)modifying diet or taking supplements(para.10)eating iron-added food or cooking in iron pans(para.11)sum up: careful about food choices and pay attention to warning signs (para.12)W

19、hy do many people with low iron reserves dont know they have a deficiency, and what can they do in that case? Answer: Because traditional methods of calculating the amount of iron in blood is not sufficient. They can use a better method to check the amount of iron and have a yearly blood test to che

20、ck blood iron reserves. What are good sources of iron, and in what way can people correct the deficiency?Answer: Meat, chicken, fish, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables Select breads and cereals with the iron-added labels; cook in iron pans; avoid drinking coffee or tea with meals. structu

21、re analysisPart I (Para. 1-3)Part I (Para. 1-3)Central topic + Supporting detailsPart II (Para. 4-6)Part II (Para. 4-6)Effects + CausesPart III (Para. 7-12)Part III (Para. 7-12)Problems + SolutionsPart I Part I (Para. 1-3)(Para. 1-3)CentralTopic:Exercise, even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced

22、iron in the blood of women.-(para.1)Supportingdetails:A new study is cited to support the topic.-(para.2-para.3)Part II Part II (Para. 4-6)(Para. 4-6)EffectandGeneralCauses(Para.4):Iron deficiency is very common among women.SpecificCause1(Para.5)SpecificCause2(Para.6)Part III Part III (Para. 7-12)(P

23、ara. 7-12)3stagesofirondeficiency(Para.7-8)-ProblemsCheckirondeficiency(Para.9)-SolutionsSuggestedwaystocorrectirondeficiency(Para.10-12)-SolutionsSummary The text looks into the question of iron and how exercise can affect its levelsin the human body. moderate adj.1. average in amount, quality, etc

24、.; not extreme2. of or having (usu. political) opinions that are not extreme Thewindismoderatetoday.FOR EXAMPLE:FOR EXAMPLE:Thehotelismoderateinitscharges.They were moderate in their demands.He is a child of only moderate ability.他們的要求不過分。他是一個能力一般的孩子。Detailed reading 1. eat or drink2. use, esp. in l

25、arge amountsFOR EXAMPLE:FOR EXAMPLE:The children consumed all the hamburgers. Arguing about details consumed many hours of his valuable time.孩子們把漢堡全部吃完了。爭論細節(jié)問題花費了他數(shù)小時寶貴的時間。consume v.supplement n.&v. TranslationTranslationamultiplevitaminandmineralsupplementaspecialsupplementtoamonthlyfinancialmagazi

26、neTheyaredoingextrajobsoutsidetheirregularonestosupplementtheirincomes.bounce v.The child bounced on the bed.He bounced the ball against the wall.bounce back: recover well after a setback PHRASE:PHRASE:Shes had many misfortunes in her life but she always bounces back. He bounced back after his failu

27、rerespectively adv. spearately in the order mentionedThe nurses and the miners received pay rises of 8% and 12% respectively.respective: 各自的; 分別的respectful: 恭敬的; 表示尊重的（對待某人/某物）respectable: 體面的；正確的；值得尊敬的respecting: 關(guān)于Language points in part II別人尊重自己別人尊重自己去尊重別人去尊重別人respectrespectf ful ul a.a.尊敬的尊敬的,有禮

28、貌的有禮貌的respectrespectababl le e a.a.受人尊敬的受人尊敬的,高尚的高尚的respective respective a.a.與與“尊重尊重”無關(guān)無關(guān)分別的分別的,各自的各自的respectingrespecting prep.prep.關(guān)于關(guān)于respectively adv.n He is a _ professor and we are _.n After class, we went back to our_ dorms.n We are preparing to hold a meeting to discuss problems _ the quali

29、ty of education.respective respectful respectable respecting respectablerespectfulrespectiverespectingallowance n.deserve a government allowance 享受政府津貼 draw an allowance 領(lǐng)取津貼 COLLOCATION:COLLOCATION:especially money, provided regularly or for a special purposetraffic allowance 交通補貼 monthly allowance

30、 每月的零用錢 allowance for board and lodging 食宿補貼 education allowance 教育津貼 housing allowance 住房津貼 overtime allowance 加班費 PHRASE:PHRASE:make allowance(s) for: take sth into consideration We should make allowance for the needs of others.digest vt. 1. change (food) in the stomach so that it can be used by t

31、he body 2. understand and rememberFOR FOR EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE:生病時，吃魚是容易消化的。生病時，吃魚是容易消化的。 Fish is easy to digest when youre ill. 報告內(nèi)容太多，讀一次無法全部報告內(nèi)容太多，讀一次無法全部領(lǐng)會。領(lǐng)會。The report contains too much to digest at one reading. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and dige

32、sted. - Francis Baconcompromise v.& n.make an agreement with (sb) by allowing him part of his demandscompromise on 就達成妥協(xié) compromise with 與妥協(xié) I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we compromised Italy.PHRASE:PHRASE:His chances of reelection were compromised the scandal. Is t

33、he boss prepared to compromise the workers over their pay demand?BLANK FILLING:BLANK FILLING:onbywiththrow up vomit; be sick The strong smell made me throw up. EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE:throw away throw away 放棄，丟掉；放棄，丟掉； throw out throw out 否決，不接受；否決，不接受；PHRASE:PHRASE:Our proposal was not really thrown ; it i

34、s still under considerationDont throw those magazines . I havent read them yet.FILLING:FILLING:outawayderive vt. 1. get or obtain (sth.) (from sth. else)2. have (sth.) as an origin derive knowledge from reading derive a conclusion from facts從閱讀中學(xué)到知識從閱讀中學(xué)到知識從事實推出結(jié)論從事實推出結(jié)論EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE:PHRASE:PHRASE

35、:derive from1) obtain (especially a feeling or an advantage) fromHeisoneofthosepeoplewhocanpleasurehelpingothers.有些人從幫助他人中得到快樂，他便是其中之一。有些人從幫助他人中得到快樂，他便是其中之一。2) come from tofu 這個單詞來自中文。ThewordtofuCerfere with preventsth.orslowdowntheprogress touchorchangesth.withoutpermissionEverytimethetel

36、ephoneringsitinterfereswithmywork.很多人認為科學(xué)家不該做干涉大自然的事。 Manypeoplefeelthatscientistsshouldntinterferewithnature.EXAMPLETRANSLATIONEnglish to ChineseEnglish to Chineseasportsmedicineexpertanenduranceathleteenduranceexerciseirondeficiency/ironlossironsupplementswomenofchild-bearingage含鐵豐富/加鐵的食品運動醫(yī)學(xué)專家耐力運動員耐力運動缺鐵鐵離子補充劑育齡女性iron-richfood;iron-addedfood;foodwithfortifiedirondigestivesystembloodvesselfatiguemoleculesofbloodproteinironreservebloodtestphysiciansurgeonsubstance消化系統(tǒng)血管疲勞血蛋白分子鐵離子儲量驗血內(nèi)科醫(yī)生外科醫(yī)生物