第一學期新課標九年級英語第二單元語法賓語從句和感嘆句的用法及練習

1、學習好資料賓語從句（TheObjectClause）學習賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時態(tài)。一. 賓語從句的定義賓語從句在復合句中起賓語的作用，可以作動詞的賓語，也可以做介詞的賓語作動詞的賓語：Iheardthathewouldcomeherelateron.主語謂語動詞一個句子作賓語作介詞的賓語：Hesaidnothingaboutwhobrokethewindowlastnight.主語謂語動詞代詞作動詞的賓語介詞一個句子作介詞的賓語二. 賓語從句中引導詞（連接詞）的用法在復合句中作主句的賓語，引導詞有連詞：that（that?？墒÷裕?whether,if代詞:who,whose,

2、what,which畐y詞:when,where,how,why等。 連詞：Hetoldme（thathewould）gotothecollegethenextyear他告訴我他明年上大學.Idon'tknowLtherewillbeabusanymore.我不知道是否還會有公交車.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.沒有人知道他是否會通過考試.that引導的賓語從句（在非正式場合that可以省略）可跟that從句做賓語的動詞有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose

3、,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.Attention:賓語從句的否定轉移當主句謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等詞,而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把否定轉移至主句表示。Idontthinkitisrigh

4、tforhimtotreatyoulikethat.主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現在時，從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來，其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的，是不是？IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,won'tshe/he?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedthepr

5、oject,haven'tyou?如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞（不包含帶有否定前綴的詞，女口：unhappy,unfair,dislike等）,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?我們發(fā)現他從不仔細聽老師講課，是不是？當主句的主語是第二、三人稱時，其反義疑問句一般與主句保持一致。Yoursistersupposessheneedsnohelp,doesn'tshe?Youthoughttheycouldhavecompletedtheproject,didn'

6、tyou?Theydon'tbelieveshe'sanengineer,dothey?Shedoesn'texpectthatwearecomingsosoon,doesshe?在以下情況中that不能省略1、當句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導的賓語從句時，第一個that可省，但后面的that不可省。Ibelieve(that)youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.2. 當主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時，that一般不可省。JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,tha

7、tourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.3 .當that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時，that不可省。Ican'ttellhimthathismotherdied.4、當it作形式賓語時例句：Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim.許多帶復合賓語的句子，that引導的賓語從句經常移到句子后部，而用it作形式賓語。5、當賓語從句前置時Thatourteamwillwin,Ibelieve.6、當that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,p

8、rove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時;由whether,if引導的賓語從句當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為是否”如:Idon'tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。但在下歹U情況下只能用whether，不能用if: 在具有選擇意義，又有or或ornot時，尤其是直接與ornot連用時，往往用whether(ifornot也可以使用)。如：Letmeknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.(=Letmeknowwhet

9、herornothewillcome)讓我知道他是否能來。Idon'tknowwhether/ifhedoesanywashingornot.(=Idon'tknowwhetherornothedoesanywashing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。Iwonderwhetherwestayorwhetherwego.我不知道我們是去還是留。 在介詞之后用whether。如：學習好資料歡迎下載rminterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish.我關心的是他是否喜歡英語。We'rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishthework

10、ontime.我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。 在不定式前用whether。女口：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman.他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain.他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。 whether置于句首時，不能換用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican'tsay.這是否真的我說不上來。 引導主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。如：Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.

11、她是否能來還是個問題。 若用if會引起歧義時，則用whether。如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.可理解為：b.Ifyoulikethebook,pleaseletmeknow.你如果喜歡這本書，請告訴我只能用if不能用whether引導的賓語從句if引導條件狀語從句，意為如果”Thestudentswillgoonapicnicifitissunny.if引導否定概念的賓語從句時HeaskedifIdidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.引導狀語從句evenif（即使）和asif（好象）時Hetalksasifhehasknowna

12、llaboutit.連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句這樣的賓語從句實際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結構的動詞常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。 連接代詞：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。連接代詞一般指疑問，但what,whatever除了指疑問外，也可以指陳述.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlert

13、game?你知道是誰贏得了紅色警報的游戲么？ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.這本書會告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解什么.Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎？ 連接副詞有：when,where,why,how，在句中擔任狀語的成分。Hedidn'ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他沒有告訴我什么時候我們能再見面Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenew

14、panel?你能告訴我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎？Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到三. 賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序即：連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。Idon'tknowwhattheyarelookingfor.Couldyoutellmewhenthetrainwillleave?四. 賓語從句的時態(tài)時態(tài)：1。主句是一般現在時，從句根據實際情況使用任何時態(tài)。例句:Theheadmasterhopeseverythinggoeswell.2. 主句是過去時態(tài)，從句須用過去時態(tài)的某

15、種形式。例句:Shewassorrythatshehadn'tfinishedherworkontime.3. 當賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實時，即使主句是過去時，從句也用一般現在時態(tài)。例句：Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.注意：運用虛擬語氣的情況在表示建議suggest、advise、propose;要求demand、desire、request;決定decide;命令order、command、require;堅決主張insist;等動詞后跟賓語從句，用（should）+v.（虛擬語氣）Eg:Isu

16、ggestedthatyou（should）studyhard.Heorderedthatweshouldgooutatonce.虛擬語氣的用法虛擬語氣是一種動詞形式，表示說話人的一種愿望，假設，懷疑，猜測，建議等含義，虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。虛擬語氣的用法：1）虛擬語氣用在簡單句中，表示祝愿，命令。如：Mayyoubehappy.祝你幸福。Mayyouhaveagoodtime.祝愿你玩得痛快。Maythefriendshipbetweenuslastlong.祝愿我們的友情天長地久。Haveagoodjourney!祝愿你旅途愉快！Yougoout!你出去！2）虛擬語氣用在

17、賓語從句中：動詞wish,suggest,order,insist,propose,等詞后面的賓語從句表示的是一種虛擬語氣，賓語從句中的動詞動作表示的只是一種愿望、要求。如如:Iwishshewouldbeonmyside.我希望她能站在我一邊。IwishIcouldhelphim.我希望我能幫助他。Heinsistedthatallofusshouldbethereontimebyanymeans.他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。動詞demand,suggest,order,insist,propose后面的從句中，"should"可以省略。女口：Theteacher

18、suggestedthatwe（should）cleantheblackboardafterclass.老師建議我們課后把黑板擦了。Heorderedthatthestudentswashtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.他要求學生每周都要自己洗衣服。學習好資料3) 虛擬語氣用在主語從句中：在句型"Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that."中，that后面的從句中的謂語動詞用：should+動詞原形，如：It'snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.我們有必

19、要出去散散步。It'snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.她這樣做是很自然的。It'simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.重要的是我們要照顧好病人。4) 虛擬語氣用在狀語從句中：虛擬語氣最多地用在表示條件的狀語從句和表示結果的從句中。在表示與事實相反的虛擬語氣時，動詞有三種時態(tài)形式，即現在、過去和將來。A.與現在事實相反的：IfI(we,you,he,they)+動詞過去式.ifI(he,she)were.I(we)should+動詞原形。He(you,they)would+動詞原形。B.與過去事實相反的：I

20、fI(we,you,he,they)+had+過去分詞l(we)should+have+過去分詞。He(you,they)would+have+過去分詞。IfIwereyou,Ishouldbuyit.如果我是你，我就買了它。IfIhadtime,IwouldstudyFrench.如果我有時間，我會學習法語的。IfsheknewEnglish,shewouldnotaskmeforhelp.如果她懂英語的話，她不會找我?guī)兔Φ?。Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果你早一點起床，就會趕上火車的。Ifitwerefinetomorro

21、w,Iwouldgoshopping.如果明天天氣好，我就去買東西。明白了虛擬語氣的用法就會明白什么時候需要用虛擬語氣了，在表示說話人的一種愿望，假設，懷疑，猜測，建議等含義，或表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實時需要用虛擬語氣。簡化賓語從句的方法方法一：當主句謂語動詞是hope,decide,wish,choose,agree,promise等，且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為不定式結構。例如：LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim.Wedeto

22、helphim.方法二：當主句謂語動詞是know,learn,remember,forget,tell等動詞，且主句主語與從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為疑問詞+不定式”結構。例如：Shehasforgottenhowshecanopenthewindow.hasforgottenhowtoopenthewindow.注：當主句謂語動詞是tell,ask,show,teach等動詞，且后帶雙賓語，從句主語和間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為疑問詞+不定式”結構。例如：CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?歡迎下載tCouldyoutellmehowtogett

23、othestation?方法三：當主句的謂語動詞是order(命令)，require(需要)等時，如果主句和從句的主語不一致，賓語從句可簡化為名詞(代詞)+不定式”結構。例如：Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.tTheheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.方法四：某些動詞后的賓語從句，可以用介詞加動名詞(短語)等其他形式簡化。例如：Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.tHeinsistedongoingwithus.Thepoorboydoesn'tknowwhenandwher

24、ehewasborn.tThepoorboydoesn'knowthetimeandtheplaceofhisbirth.方法五：某些動詞后面的賓語從句可轉化為賓語+V-ing形式(作賓語補足語)”結構。例如：LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.tLiuPingfoundawalletlyingontheground.方法六：動詞seem后的賓語從句，也可以用不定式(短語)來簡化，但句型需要進行適當的變化。例如：Itseemedthattheboysweregoingtowin.tTheboysseemedtowin.除上述方

25、法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉化，如：IfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.tifounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.Soonwefoundthatthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnow.tSoonwefoundthegroundcoveredwiththicksnow.Theyfoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.tTheyfoundtheboxveryheavy.練習題單項選擇(1) .Idon'tthinkheisright,?A.isn'theBish

26、eC.doID.don'tI(2) .Hebelievessheisright,?A.doesn'the.BdoesheC.issheD.isn'tshe(3) .Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,?A.didn'ehB.didheC.didID.didn'tI(4) .IfindimportantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryci刪.A.itB.thisC.thatD.what(5) .Youcan'timaginewhentheyreceivedthenicegift.A.how

27、theywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheyweretSbwexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited(6) Idon'tknowornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathome(7) Thisdependsontheweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that學習好資料歡迎下載(8)Theteacheraskedthenewstudentwasin.classheA.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.w

28、illbeA.whichB.whereC.ifD.that(9) Idon'tknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He'llhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where(10) -Becareful!Don'tbreakthebottles.DoyioaarIsaid?David?-Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.if(11) -DoyouknowMrBlack'saddressis?-HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Inotsureo

29、f.(21) Theteachersaidthattheearth_A.goesB.goC.wentD.willgo(22) We'dliketotellyouthatyouroundthesun.theexam.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,where(12) Thereisnotmuchdiffereneebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon'tknow.A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchoo

30、se(13) Didyoufindout?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingfor(14) AreyouinterestedinA.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit(15) Idon'tknow.Canyoutellme?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayer

31、sarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare(16) -Whatdidthescientistsay?-Hesaidhewonderedifintospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly(17)Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme?A.WherethebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere(18)SheaskedTomwithhisc

32、ar?A.whatthematterwasB.whatthematterisC.whatwasthematterD.whatisthematter(19)It's7:30.Ican'tbelieveyouSally.A.haven'startedB.didn'C.don'tstartD.hadn'tstartedA.havepassedB.hadpassedC.passD.willpass(23) "Couldyoutellme?library.”A.wherearethetwins,havebeentwins,havebeenC.wh

33、erethetwinsare,havegonewere,havengone(24) Ourfathersaidthatheweek.A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buys(25) IhearthathetoBeijingyesterday.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegone(26)Thegirlsaskediftheywiththem.”“Yes.TheyB.whereweretheD,wherethetwinsanewcomputernextsomefoodanddrinkA.cantakeB.wouldtakeC.takesD.

34、willtake(27)CatherinesaidthatshetoGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen(28)Thestudentswanttoknowwhethertheydictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are(29) SheaskedLindaifgoandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay(30) Lindasaidthemoonroundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastra

35、velledC.travellsD.hadtravelled(31) Canyoutellmeyouwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that(32)Idon'tknowtheyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where(33) Ihardlyunderstand.hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who(34) Shedidn'tknowbacksoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe(35) Idon'tkno

36、whestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when(36) Doyouknowtheylistenedtoyesterdayevening?cookingdinneryet,A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow(37) Heaskedmetoldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose(20)TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25ChristmasDay.(38)Theydon'tknowtheirparentsare.AthatBwhatCw

37、hyDwhichtoth(39) Pleasetellmewhatlastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked(40) SheaskedmeifIknew.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit二. 用所給的單詞將下列句子連成一句1. Whatishername?(Idon'tknow)2. WheredoesDoctorLiuLive?(Doyoukno

38、w)3. Whatdidheloseattherailwaystation?(Wouldyoutellme)4 Whyisthecinemaclosed?(Iwonder)5 Whendidtheaccidenthappen?(Pleasegoandfindout)6 WhatforeignIanguagecanyouspeak?(Iwanttoknow)7 Whoseboxisitonthefloor?(I'mnotsure8 Howmuchdidyoupayforthedictionary?(Pleasetellme)9 Sheisateacher.(Ihear)10 Doeshe

39、rauntliveinParis?(I'mnotsure)11 IsMrs.Leeintheclassroom?(Iasked)12 Whowillcometojoinus?(Doyouknow)13 Mysonishavingacold.(shesaid)14.Willitrainagaintomorrow?(Idon'tknow三用所給動詞的正確形式填空1、Iwon'treturnthebooktothelibrarybecauseI(notfinish)readingit.2、Assoonashesawme,hetospeaktome.(stop)3、Ihopeh

40、e(come)backinaweek.4、It(rain)hardwhenIgottothefactorythismorning.5、Theoldmantoldthechildren(notwalk)inthericefields.6、Hetoldmehe(help)herwithhermathsthenextevening.7、Shesaidthey(know)eachotherforquitesometime.8、Ifit(notrain)tomorrow,we(visit)thePople'sMuseum.9、John(write)somethingwhenI(go)toseeh

41、im.10、Ourteachertoldusthatlight(travel)muchfasterthansound.11、WhenIgottothecinema,thefilm(begin)012、Mikeaskedmeifwe(ask)anyquestionsthenextclass.13、Willyoucomeandstaywithusforawhilewhenyou(finish)doingyourhomework?14、ComradeWangdidn'tknowifthere(be)onEnglisheveningthatday.15、Pleasetellmeifshe(co

42、me)againnexttime.感嘆句是表達喜、怒、哀、樂以及驚奇、驚訝等強烈感情的句子。感嘆句通常由what或how引導?，F分述如下：感嘆句一般是用來表示說話時的喜悅、驚訝等情感。英語感嘆句常用"what"和"how"引導，v)"what"和"how"與所修飾的詞置于句首，其它部分用陳述句語序。一、由"what"引導的感嘆句："what"意為"多么"用作定語，修飾名詞(被強調部分)，單數可數名詞前要加不定冠詞a/an,復數可數名詞或不可數名詞前不用冠詞

43、。這類句子的結構形式是：What+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主語+謂語.女口：Whataclevergirlsheis!多么聰明的姑娘呀！Whataninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀！Whatgoodchildrentheyare!他們是多么好的孩子呀！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花呀！Whatdeliciousfooditis!多么有味的食物呀！Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀！二、由"how"引導的感嘆句："how"意為”多么”，用作狀語，修飾形容詞或副詞（被強調部分

44、）。如果修飾形容詞，則句中的謂語動詞用系動詞；如果how修飾副詞，則句中的謂語動詞用行為動詞，這類句子的結構形式是：How+adj.（adv.）+主語+謂語.如：Howcolditistoday!今天多么冷呀！Hownicethepicturesare!多么漂亮的圖畫呀！Howhappytheylook!他們顯得多么高興呀！Howwellshesings!她唱得多好呀！Howhardtheyareworkingnow!他們干得多么起勁呀！三、在表示同一意義時，英語感嘆既可用"what"引導，也可用"how"引導。如：Whatahotdayitis!How

45、hotthedayis!多么熱的天氣呀！Whattallbuildingstheyare!Howtallthebuildingsare!多么高的樓房呀！Whatbadweatheritis!Howbadtheweatheris!多么糟糕的天氣呀！Whatbrightsunshineitis!Howbrightthesunshineis!多么明亮的陽光呀！四、感嘆句在表示激動強烈的感情時，口語中常常采用省略句，其后面的主語和謂語往往略去不講。如：Whatafineday!多么晴朗的天呀！Whatanhonestboy!多么誠實的孩子呀！Whatredapples!多么紅的蘋果呀！Howcool!

46、好涼快呀！Howwonderful!精彩極了！由what引導的感嘆句，其句子結構可分為以下三種：1. 可用句型：“What+a/n+形容詞+可數名詞單數+主語+謂語！”。女口：Whatanicepresentitis!它是一件多么好的禮物啊！Whataninterestingbookitis!它是一本多么有趣的書?。?. 可用句型：“What+形容詞+可數名詞復數+主語+謂語!”。如：Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花?。hatgoodchildrentheyare!他們是多么好的孩子啊！3. 可用句型：“What+形容詞+不可數名詞+主語+謂語！”。女口：

47、Whatfineweatheritistoday!今天天氣多好??！Whatimportantnewsitis!多重要的新聞??！由how引導的感嘆句，其句子結構也分為三種：1. 可用句型：“How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！”如：Howcarefulsheis!她多么細心??！Howfastheruns!他跑得多快?。?. 可用句型：“How+形容詞+a/an+可數名詞單數+主語+謂語！”。女口：Howbeautifulagirlsheis!她是個多么漂亮的姑娘?。?. 可用句型：“How+主語+謂語！”。女口：Howtimeflies!光陰似箭！由what引導的感嘆句與由how引導的感嘆句有時可

48、以轉換，但句中部分單詞的順序要有所變化。如：Howbeautifulagirlsheis!=Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!Whatdeliciouscakestheseare!=Howdeliciousthesecakesare!有時感嘆句也可以由一個單詞、詞組、祈使句、陳述句等構成。如：Goodidea!（好主意?。￤onderful!（太精彩了?。㏕hankgoodness!（謝天謝地?。￤hatafunnytimetoeatbreakfast!吃早飯多么有趣啊！感嘆句巧解：感嘆句要看后面，即看形容詞后的東東,1）若形容詞后緊跟可數名詞單數,不可數名詞或可數名詞復數，只用就用whata/an；是whato2）若形容詞后后緊跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/