歷屆高考英語完形填空全國卷

1、抓好三方面跨好三大步做好三結(jié)合-談完形填空解題技巧中學(xué)生在做完形填空題時存在的問題，概括起來有以下三方面：1 .不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此為中心展開對整篇文章的推理、判斷，導(dǎo)致理解上出現(xiàn)偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。2 .容易受定勢思維的影響，對文意分析不透，忽視特定語境中知識的運(yùn)用。3 .對完形填空題懷有厭倦、 畏懼心理，以至做題時處于應(yīng)付狀態(tài)，做題能力得不到提那么，怎樣才能提高做完形填空題的能力呢？我們應(yīng)從以下三方面入手訓(xùn)練思維能 力和解題技巧：抓準(zhǔn)主旨、透析文意、理清邏輯。并在做題過程中把這三方面與做完形 填空的三大步驟“通讀、精讀、復(fù)讀”有機(jī)結(jié)合，明確每步的思維主攻方向。即抓好三 方

2、面，跨好三大步，做好三結(jié)合。一、通讀短文抓主旨一般情況下，完形填空短文都不給標(biāo)題，不容易把握文章的主題和大意。但短文首 句通常不設(shè)空格，這就為我們窺視文章全貌提供了一個窗口，而尾句往往是文章的總結(jié)、 結(jié)論或點(diǎn)睛之筆，所以抓住開篇啟示作用的首句和總結(jié)概括性的尾句是必要的。借助于 首尾句給予的啟示，克服不良心理的影響，滿懷信心，全神貫注，目光越過空格，注意 能體現(xiàn)文章大意的關(guān)鍵詞句，盡力從整體上理解短文大意，這是逐空填詞的重要依據(jù)和 基礎(chǔ)。如果一開始就忙于見空填空，勢必?zé)o法從整體上把握全文概要，無法形成連貫的 思路，只見樹木不見森林，理解偏離文章的中心，造成顧，此失彼的錯誤，甚至影響做 題速度。抓

3、住了文章的主旨大意后，我們圍繞主旨大意去閱讀、預(yù)測、推理、判斷，往往會 收到事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干擾性強(qiáng)，容易使人犯想當(dāng)然錯誤的選項(xiàng)就會迎刃而 解。二、精讀短文析文意在基本抓住文章的主旨后，應(yīng)逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項(xiàng)，對特定的語境做深人 的理解，克服“定勢思維”，根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句，句不離文的原則，逐項(xiàng)填空。切 不可以單純的詞匯辨析或語法角度去做題，而應(yīng)以能否恰如其分地表達(dá)文意作為選擇最 佳答案的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。要吃透文意，理解到位，我們應(yīng)做到以下幾點(diǎn)：4 .從上下文的角度考慮，注意其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。就題論題，斷章取義，忽視上下文的信息 提示是我們常犯的錯誤。因此我們在做題時要注重暗含的信息提

4、示，找準(zhǔn)突破口，確保 文意暢通。5 .從詞匯意義及用法、 慣用法和搭配的角度去考慮，準(zhǔn)確判斷。NMET完形填空題中考查詞匯意義及用法、慣用法和搭配的題目逐年增多，必須結(jié)合上下文把握文意，研讀 細(xì)節(jié)，準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)定語境，才能做好這類題目。6 .從邏輯推理、常識等角度考慮，挖掘文章的寓意及隱含意義。尤其是 NMET完形 填空短文大都包含一定的哲理和寓意，具備深層探詢的可能性，這就要求我們既要明確 表層意義，還要理解其深層含義。而結(jié)合我們已有的生活常識和社會常識去做題，則會 有意想不到的效果，因?yàn)槊總€人的能力不是單一的。7 .從英漢兩種語言的差異角度去考慮，避免錯誤。因?yàn)槲覀冊谟⒄Z學(xué)習(xí)過程中往往伴隨“心譯

5、”過程，而出題者則會從母語的角度設(shè)置干擾項(xiàng)，在做題時一定要意識到這一 點(diǎn)，不要受母語影響，借助平時學(xué)習(xí)中培養(yǎng)起來的語感，靈活處理?？傊?，在逐項(xiàng)填空時應(yīng)根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句，句不離文的原則，把上下文的意 思、句法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞類和語法功能、慣用法、邏輯推理常識等各種因素加在一起綜合考慮，仔細(xì) 推敲，選中答案。三、復(fù)讀全文再檢驗(yàn)在做完一篇完形填空后，文章完整了，應(yīng)從頭至尾讀一遍，根據(jù)復(fù)讀的語感和對整 篇短文的理解，再次將較明顯的錯誤改正，個別需要推敲的再做調(diào)整，力爭盡可能少出 錯。另外，要做好完形填空，除了具備扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識和快速閱讀及理解的能力外，良 好的心理素質(zhì)和思維品質(zhì)也至關(guān)重要。我們在平時訓(xùn)練

6、時不能忽視對后者的訓(xùn)練。一、高考完形填空解析（一）一（MET91）On the night of the play. Jack was at the theater early and he was already dressed in a policeman's clothes long 1 the end of the first scene. He certainly looked the part all right he thought as he 2 himself in the mirror. He 3 thought of going out into the stre

7、et to see 4 he could pass as 5 out there. Just for 6 , of course.Then he suddenly felt nervous. After all it was his first time to 7 a part in a play. 8 could he face all those people 9 the play? he put his head in his hands and tried to 10 his lines （臺詞）,but nothing 11 to his mind.A knock on the do

8、or made him look 12 . He was to go on stage （舞臺）in the second scene. "Have I 13 my part and ruined （ 破壞）the play for everybody?" he thought to himself. But 14 was only the manager. She 15 how nervous he was and 16 he should stand near the stage 17 he could watch and follow the play. It was

9、 a good 18 of getting rid of his nervousness? she said. She was right, it seemed to 19 . In fact the more he watched the play, the 20 he felt himself part of it.At last the 21 came for him to appear on the stage. But suddenly the manager came to him again, 22 worried as she placed a hand on his arm

10、to 23 him back. "Has anything gone 24 ?" Jack asked. "I'm afraid you're going to be 25 . " she said, "They've jumped three pages of the play and have missed your part out completely."1. A. beforeB.byC.afterD.at2. A. lookedB.showedC.admiredD.enjoyed3. A. just

11、B.evenC.stillD.already4. A. howB.whyC.as ifD.whether5. A. a policemanB.an inspector C.an officerD.a manager6. A. jokeB.funC.playD.exercise7. A. makeB.joinC.haveD.give8. A. WhereB.WhyC.WhenD.How9. A. followingB.attendingC.watchingD.observing10.A. readB.rememberC.understandD.learn11.A. cameB.wentC.hap

12、penedD.got12.A. awayB.upC.outD.down13.A. passedB.left C.missedD.failed14.A. thisB.thatC.sheD.it15.A. wonderedB.imaginedC. noticedD.examined16.A. agreedB.suggestedC. persuadedD. encouraged17.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. there18.A. ideaB. wayC. pathD. plan.19.A. doB. winC. workD. act20.A. lessB. harderC.

13、betterD. more21.A. hourB. minuteC. momentD. period22.A. feelingB. lookingC. sounding?D. growing23.A. holdB. take ,C. catchD. push24.A. badB.lateC. madD. wrong25.A. frightened（二）（NMET91）B. excitedC. disappointed D. pleasedIt was a cold winter's afternoon. Robert stopped for a moment as he crossed

14、 the bridge and looked down at the river below. There were hardly any 1 on the river. 2 the bridge, however, almost direct below, 3 was a small canoe, with a boy in it. He was 4 wearing many dothes. Robert 5 . He shivered and walked on.6 he heard a cry. "Help! Help!" The cry 7 from the riv

15、er. Robert looked down. The boy was 8 the water and his canoe was 9 away."Help! Help! "he called again.Robert was a good 10 .Taking off his clothes, he 11 into the river. The 12 water made him tremble all over, 13 in a few seconds he reached the 14 "Don't be afraid," he said

16、and started to swim towards the river bank, 15 the boy with him. But at that16 henoticed a large motor boat under the bridge. There were several people on the boat, all17 inhis direction. Robert 18 to swim towards the boat."Give me a hand," he shouted 19 he got near the boat. He 20 up into

17、 a row of faces."It's funny," he thought. "They look so 21 . " Silently they helped the boy into the boat and 22 himin a blanket. But they did not move to 23 Robert."Aren't you going to pull me 24 too?" Robert asked."You!" said one of the man. Robert n

18、oticed that he was standing next to a large 25 . "You! Why? we were making a film and you spoiled a whole afternoon's work. You can stay in the water!"1. A. fishB. boatsC. wavesD. sound2. A. FromB.TowardsC. NearD.Behind3. A. thereB. itC.whereD.that4. A. thenB. alsoC. onlyD.not5. A. not

19、icedB.sawC. guessedD.said6. A. Till thenB. Just thenC. Far awayD. From there7. A. happened B.wentC. arrived.D.came8. A. onB.withinC. inD.under9. A. runningB.floatingC. flowingD. pulling10.A. swimmer B.guard.C.soldierD. player.11.A. threwB. lookedC. jumpedD. turned12.A. deepB. coolC.dirtyD. cold13.A.

20、 butB. soC.andD. or14.A. canoeB.bankC.boyD. bridge15.A. pushingB. draggingC.holdingD. catching16.A. placeB. periodC.secondD. moment17.A. seeingB. smilingC.lookingD. shouting18.A. decidedB. wentC.agreedD. promised19.A. whileB. tillC.forD. as20.A. turnedB. lookedC.hurriedD. stood21.A. nervousB.afraidC

21、.excitedD.angry22.A. warpped B.leftC. placedD. threw23.A. saveB. thankC. wrapD. help24.A. onB. outC. awayD. off25.A. boatB. blanketC.cameraD. screen（三）（91上海）Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next? The space 1 to let the rail expand （膨脹）when it gets 2 .

22、 On a hot day, the metal expands and if it 3 to do this, the rails would bend 4 shape. This caused railway 5 in the past.6 solids expand much less than liquids or gases, the 7 increases （增力口量）can add up to a lot, when there are long 8 of rail. For example, the difference in length of rail, in summer

23、 and winter, 9 the distance between London and Edinburgh, is about 1/4 mile.We 10 keep in our minds and must not forget the expansion of metal when we build a very long metal bridge 11 . So spaces are left in the places 12 the metal is joined.When 13 colder, it becomes smaller in size. We can make u

24、se of the 14 that solids expand when they are heated, and become smaller in size when they get colder, and 15 they do it at different 16 .For example, when an iron band （ 鐵箍）has to fit tightly 17 a wooden wheel, first we make it 18 than the wheel, then we 19 it, so that it goes on easily. When it ge

25、ts colder, it becomes smaller in size and 20 the wheel very tightly.1. A. leavesB. is leftC. leftD. has left2. A. hotB. wetC. coldD. dry3. A. is not allowedB. is allowedC. were not allowedD. were allowed4. A? inB. offC. out ofD. with5. A. incidentsB.happeningsC. troubleD. accidents6. A. AlthoughB. I

26、fC. BecauseD. After7. A. moreB. someC.bitD. small8. A. differencesB.lengthsC. railwaysD. ways9. A. onB. inC. overD. from10. A. have toB. canC. mayD. need11. A. eitherB. againC. elseD. too12. A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when13. A. solids getB.the solids getC. solid getsD. a solid gets14. A. reasonB. fa

27、ctC. causeD. way15. A. whichB. whereC. thatD. so16. A. speedsB.expansionsC. conditionsD. lines17. A. onB. roundC. withD. within18. A. a little smallerB.a little longerC. much smallerD. much larger19. A. coolB. heatC. warmD. wash20. A. carriesB. makesC.keepD. holds（四）（MET92）On Thursday afternoon Mrs

28、Clarke locked the door and went to the women's club as usual.It was a pleasant way of passing time 1 an old woman who lived 2 .When she came home she sensed something 3 .Had someone got in? The back door and the windows were all 4 and there was no 5 of forced entry （ 進(jìn)入）.Had 6 been taken? She we

29、nt from room to room, 7 , and found her camera and spare watch 8 .The following Thursday she went out at her 9 time, but didn't go to the club. 10 she took a short walk in a park nearby and came home, 11 herself in through the back door. She settled down to wait and see what would 12 .It was 4 o

30、'clock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was 13 tea at the time. The bell rang again, and 14 she heard her letter-box being pushed open. 15 the kettle（壺）ofboiling water, she moved quietly 16the door. A 17of wire appeared through theletter-box, and then a18 . The wire turned and caught aro

31、und the knob （ 圓形旋鈕）on thedoorlock. Mrs Clarkeraised the kettle and 19 the waterover the hand. 20 was heardoutside as the 21 fell to the floor and the hand was pulled back, which was ?222 by thesound of running feet.It wasn't long 23 the police caught the thief. And Mrs clarke was greatly 24 at

32、the clubfor her successful 25.1. A. byB. toC. withD. for2. A. lonelyB. aloneC. awayD. busily3. A. terribleB.uncomfortableC. unusualD. bad4. A. lockedB. openedC. brokenD. fixed5. A. sceneB. showC. signD. sight6. A. anythingB.nothingC. moneyD. jewels7. A. lookingB. examiningC. searchingD. checking8. A

33、. losingB. missingC.leavingD. disappearing9. A. sameB. spareC. specialD. usual10.A. ThereforeB. HoweverC. InsteadD. Again11.A. pushingB. lettingC. pullingD. leading12.A. appearB. followC.happenD. continue13.A. cookingB. makingC. burningD.serving14.A. the next momentB. for a whileC. in timeD. at once

34、15.A. .Putting downB. Laying asideC. Picking upD.Taking away16.A. towardsB. away fromC. from behindD.near17.A pileB. setC. lotD.piece18.A. kinfeB.handC. letterD. key19.A. spreadB. droppedC. pouredD. covered20.A. A sad voiceB. A strange noiseC. A warning shout D. A sharp cry21.A. keyB. kettleC. door-

35、lockD. wire22.A. followedB. causedC. producedD. ended23.A. beforeB. sinceC. untilD. when24.A. surprisedB. admiredC. inspiredD. supported25.A.self-satisfactionB. self-protectionC. self-respectD. self-service（五）（NMET92）The lecture on smoking was over at last. As we boys were rushing towards the playgr

36、ound, Jim slipped by the table. The watch, which Mrs Smith had 1 on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared.We were 2 to go back for class again when the headmaster called us 3 and said, "I've got a little 4 for you boys. Mrs Smith has just lost her watch on the playground. This k

37、ind of thing has happened 5 , she says-it just 6 off her wrist. So? look around for it, will you?7 if you're clever enough to find it. Let's 8 it clear the boy who does 9 will get a useful reward."At once we started looking for the watch. Everybody wished to be the 10 one. Suddenly, Jim

38、 stopped and bent down as if to 11 something. And 12 he was in front of Mrs Smith, all smiles, 13 the watch to her.Mrs Smith, however, didn't seem at all looked 14 .In fact, she looked angry. She took the watch without 15 a "Thank you".Jim got 16 -a large piece of paper from the headma

39、ster, who 17 him to write a composition 18 the dangers of smoking. What could 19 Jim write about? He hadn't listened to the lecture and had nothing to say on the 20.1.A.seenB.droppedC.foundD.laid2.A.aboutB.ableC. sorryD.sure3.A.forwardB.togetherC. straightD.out4.A.funB.trickC. jobD.prize5.A.befo

40、reB.nowC. hereD.there6.A.goesB.throwsC. slipsD.falls7.A.SayB.SeeC. GuessD.Check8.A.getB.putC. makeD.keep9.A.thisB.suchC. thatD.so10.A.luckyB.quickC. earlyD.worthy11.A.put downB.give away C.find outD.pick up12.A.the following momentB.the next moment C. for a moment D. just a moment13. A. handing outB

41、. turning in? C.giving upD. sending back14. A. pleasedB. hurtC. interestedD. worried15. A. justB. everC. evenD. almost16. A. her punishmentB. her prizeC.his jobD. his reward17. A. hadB. madeC. toldD. helped18. A. ofB. onC. inD. at19. A. poorB.nervousC. quickD. good20. A. lectureB. pointC. matterD. s

42、ubject（六）（MET93）"Where is the bus?" I asked myself. I was going to be late 1the manager wasn't going tobe 2 . "Thank God, here it is!" The bus 3 round the corner and I got on. Ten minutes later I was walking into the 4 where I work."Twenty-five past nine. I 5 the manager

43、 doesn't notice." But no 6 luck!"Smith!" shouted the manager. "Late again. What's your 7 this time?" "I'm afraid the buswas late, Mr Brown. " "8 up earlier tomorrow! Anyway, go to your 9 at the counter. We'll be opening in a few minutes."M

44、y first customer was a pretty gril wearing a red dress. 10 her was a young man of about 25. He seemed very 11 , and every few seconds he looked 12 the main entrance. The girl 13 about opening a bank account. I gave her the necessary 14 and she walked out. 15 , I noticed a tall man by the door, carry

45、ing something 16 with brown paper. Turning to my next customer, I was terrified to see a gun 17 out of his coat. The next moment a lound noise 18 my ears. Everything went black. I was fallingAfter 19 seemed a very longtime, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed! 20 shaking from the memory of this

46、 terrible dream, I got dressed and ran out of the house. As 21 , the bus wasn't on time, and I got to the bank at 9:25."Smith!" the manager cried out in a voice like thunder." 22 of your excuses! Go start work at once!" To my 23 , the first customer was a girl 24 a red dress

47、and behind her stood a man carrying something wrapped in brown paper. The 25! Wasn't that surprise of my life!1.A.asB.butC.andD.or2.A.pleasedB.worriedC.sorryD.patient3.A.ranB.cameC.rodeD.drove4.A.hotelB.shopC.bankD.restuarant5.A.believeB.expectC.guessD.hope6.A.muchB.suchC.moreD.this7.A.excuseB.i

48、deaC.causeD.answer8.A.HurryB.SetC.CatchD.Get.9.A.businessB.jobC.placeD.spot10.A.BeforeB.BehindC.BeyondD.Against11.A.nervous? B.shyC.calmD.angry12.A.downB.forC.towardsD.through13.A.caredB.talkedC.askedD.worried14.A.information B.offerC.introduction D.support15.A.AgainB.ThenC.ThusD.However16.A.hiddenB

49、.rolledC.filledD.covered17.A.gettingB.aimingC.appearingD.sticking18.A.tookB.shockC.filledD.tore19.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which20.A.EvenB.StillC.JustD.Ever21.A. usualB.pastC.suchD.yet22.A.LessB.PlentyC.MoreD.None23. A. beliefB. surpriseC. joyD. regret24. A. ofB.withC. onD. in25. A. dreamB. storyC. affai

50、rD. incident（七）（NMET93）Jenkins was a jewller , who had made a large diamond ring worth 57,000 for the Silkstone Jewellery Shop. When it was ready, he made a copy of it which looked 1 like the first one but was worth only 2,000.This he took to the shop, which 2 it without a question.Jenkins gave the

51、much more 3 ring to his wife for her fortieth birthday.Then, the husband and wife 4 to Paris for a weekend. As to the 5 ring, the shop sold it for 60,000.Six months later the buyer 6 it back to Silkstdhe's office. "It's a faulty diamond, "he said."It isn't worth the high 7

52、 I paid. " Then he told them the 8 . His wife's car had caught fire in an 9 . She had escaped. 10 the ring had fallen off and been damaged in the great 11 of the fire.The shop had to 12 . They knew that no fire on earth can 13 damage a perfect diamond. Someone had taken the 14 diamond and p

53、ut a faulty one in its place. The question was: who 15 it?A picture of the ring appeared in the 16 .A reader thought he 17 the ring. The next day, another picture appeared in the papers which 18 a famous dancer walking out to a plane for Paris. Behind the dancer there was a woman 19 a large diamond

54、ring. "Do you know the 20 with the lovely diamond ring?" the papers asked their readers. Several months later, Jenkins was sentenced to seven years in prison.1. A. onlyB. surelyC. nearlyD. exactly2. A. acceptedB.receivedC. refusedD. rejected3. A. realB. modernC. worthyD. valuable4. A. flew

55、B. droveC. sailedD. bicycled5. A. firstB.secondC. lastD. next6. A. soldB. postedC. broughtD. returned7. A. costB. moneyC. priceD. value8. A. factsB. mattersC. questionsD. results9. A. affairB. accidentC. incidentD. experience10.A. soB. orC. butD. and11.A. pileB.heatC. powerD. pressure12.A. thinkB. a

56、greeC. permitD. promise13.A. almostB. evenC. justD. ever14.A.realB. pureC. rightD. exact15.A. copiedB. madeC. stoleD. did16.A. noticesB. magazinesC. newspapersD. programmes17.A. sawB. knewC. foundD. recognized18.A. showedB. drewC. printed ?D.carried19.A. carryingB.dressingC. wearingD. holding20.A. dancerB. womanC. readerD. jeweller（八）（MET93H）Do you believe in love at first sight? Many peopl