2020版新高考英語(yǔ)考前保分訓(xùn)練江蘇版：虛擬語(yǔ)氣

1、第2講虛擬語(yǔ)氣一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中的運(yùn)用1 .if虛擬條件句從句主句例句與現(xiàn)在事 實(shí)相反的 假設(shè)If +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的 過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞用were）主語(yǔ)+ should/would /could/might +動(dòng)詞原形If I were you, I should seizethe chance to go abroad.如果我是你，我就抓 住這次出國(guó)的機(jī)會(huì)。與過(guò)去事 實(shí)相反的 假設(shè)If + 主語(yǔ)+ had+過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)+ should/would /could/might +have+過(guò)去分詞If you had taken my advice, you would not have

2、failed in the exams.如果你聽了我的建 議，你就不會(huì)在考試 中失敗了。與將來(lái)事 實(shí)相反的 假設(shè)1.If +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式2.If+主語(yǔ)+ wereto +動(dòng)詞原形3.If +主語(yǔ)+should +動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ)+ should/would /could/might +動(dòng)詞原形If he should not come tomorrow , we would put off the meeting till next Monday.如果明 天他不來(lái)，我們就把 會(huì)議推遲到下2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句當(dāng)條件句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱作“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的

3、形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.如果你以前用功學(xué)習(xí)了的話，你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學(xué)生了。3 .含蓄條件句用介詞（短語(yǔ)）代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句，常用的介詞（短語(yǔ)）有without , but for, but that, otherwise,or, but 等。Without your help , we could not have succeeded.沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們不可能取得成功。But for electricity， there would be no m

4、odern industry.要是沒(méi)有電，就沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代工業(yè)。He felt very tired yesterday ， or he would have attended the party. 他昨天太累了，否則他會(huì)參加 派對(duì)的。4 .“要不是因?yàn)椤钡木湫?1)If it were not for. , I would /could/ should/might do.要不是因?yàn)?我現(xiàn)在就(對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬 )。(2)If it had not been for., I would/could/ should/might have done.要不是因?yàn)?我當(dāng)時(shí)就(對(duì)過(guò)去白虛擬)。If it were

5、 not for free tickets ， I would not go to the cinema so frequently. 要不是因?yàn)槊赓M(fèi)的電影 票，我不會(huì)那么頻繁地去看電影。If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid ， the consequences might have been much serious.如果當(dāng)時(shí)在對(duì)我急救的過(guò)程中沒(méi)有你的及時(shí)幫助，后果也許是非常嚴(yán)重的。5.if省略句(1)當(dāng)if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有had， should， were 時(shí)，可將if 省

6、略，而將had，should， were 置于句首，采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。If you had left home earlier , you would have caught the bus. = Had you left home earlier , you would have caught the bus.如果你早點(diǎn)從家中出門，你就能趕上汽車了。(2)若省略的條件句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，不能用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的省略形式。Were it not for the expenses， I would go abroad now.要不是考慮到花銷，我現(xiàn)在可能都出國(guó)了。(不能說(shuō)Weren t it for

7、 the expenses， I would goabroad now.)二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在從句中的應(yīng)用1 .demand， suggest， order， insist 等表命令、建議、 要求后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should )動(dòng)詞原形”；wish 后的賓語(yǔ)從句中分別用過(guò)去式、過(guò)去完成式和“could/would 動(dòng)詞原形”表示與現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去和將來(lái)的情況相反。We suggested that Tom have a rest.我們建議湯姆去休息一下。I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一樣高。He wished he hadn t said that.他

8、希望他沒(méi)講過(guò)那樣的話。I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨。2 .在 It is necessary/important/ strange that.； It is suggested/demanded/ ordered/requested that.等從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should )動(dòng)詞原形”。It is important that we ( should) master a foreign language. 掌握一門外語(yǔ)很重要。It s suggested that the plan (should) be carried out.人們建議

9、執(zhí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃。3 . 在 idea， advice， order， demand， request， suggestion， desire 等表命令、建議、要求的名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should )動(dòng)詞原形”。My demand is that she (should) come to see me once a week 我要求她一周來(lái)看我一次。All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory ( should) be closed down.我們都支持關(guān)閉這家化工廠的建議。4 .在 as if 從句中，

10、常用虛擬形式，即表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，用過(guò)去式；與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反時(shí)用過(guò)去完成式(had done)。She looks after the boy as if he were her own son.她照顧這男孩就像對(duì)自己的兒子一樣。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.她談?wù)撃遣坑捌?，就好像她確實(shí)看過(guò)一樣。5.It' s (high/about) time that +主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去式 /should do意為"到了某人做的時(shí)候了”。 should 不能省略。It is high time that we w

11、ent/should go to bed.到了我們?cè)撍X(jué)的時(shí)候了。6.would rather. 過(guò)去式(與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)相反)/過(guò)去完成式(與過(guò)去相反)I d rather you came tomorrow. 我寧愿你明天來(lái)。高考題組1 .What a pity ! You missed the sightseeing , or we a good time together.(2019 江蘇，31) A.hadB.will haveC.would have hadD.had had答案 C解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為：真遺憾！你錯(cuò)過(guò)了觀光。否則我們?cè)谝黄饡?huì)玩得很開心。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞or 可知，這里

12、應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用“ would /could/ should/might have done” 。2 .The workers were not better organized ， otherwise they the task in half thetime.(2019 天津，14)A.accomplishedB.had accomplishedC.would accomplishD.would have accomplished答案 D解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為：工人們沒(méi)有被組織好，否則他們會(huì)用一半的時(shí)間完成任務(wù)的。此處 otherwise 表達(dá)了一

13、種含蓄虛擬；otherwise 前的內(nèi)容所述的是過(guò)去的事實(shí)，相當(dāng)于if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句“ If the workers had been better organized” ，因此后半部分應(yīng)用“ 主語(yǔ)would have done sth. ” 結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D 。3.It s strange that he have taken the books without the owner s permission.（2018 江蘇，24）A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might答案 B解析 句意為：很奇怪，他竟然未經(jīng)主人同意就拿走了那些書。此處should 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示 “

14、 竟然 ” ，符合句意，故選B 。4.There is a good social life in the village ， and I wish I a second chance to become moreinvolved.（2018 江蘇，27）A.hadB.will haveC.would have hadD.have had答案A解析句意為：在這個(gè)村子里社交生活良好，我希望我能再有機(jī)會(huì)更多地參與其中。I wish后接從句，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。敘述與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用did（be 動(dòng)詞用were）；敘述與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用 had done;敘述與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反

15、的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用 would/could do 。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處敘述與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，故選A。5.I can t find my purse.I it in the supermarket yesterday ， but I m not sure.（2018 天津，10）A.should leaveB.must have leftC.might leaveD.could have left答案 D解析 句意為：我找不到我的錢包了。我昨天可能把它落在了超市里，但我不確定。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday 可知空格處是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)，需用“ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞havedone” , B、D

16、兩項(xiàng)符合；再根據(jù)句中的 but I' m not sure排除B項(xiàng)"一定落在"，故選D 項(xiàng)。若 C項(xiàng)改為 might have left,也是正確的。6.If we the flight yesterday ， we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.（2018 天津，15）A.had caughtB.caughtC.have caughtD.would catch答案A解析句意為：如果我們昨天趕上了航班的話，我們現(xiàn)在就在海灘上享受假期了。根據(jù)前半句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday 以及后半部分中的would

17、 be enjoying 及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now 可知， 這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句。從句表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，故用had +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞7.In today s information age ， the loss of data cause serious problems for a company.（2018 北京，12）A.needB.shouldC.canD.must答案 C解析 句意為：在如今這個(gè)信息時(shí)代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失可能會(huì)給一個(gè)公司帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)該選 C項(xiàng)。can在此表示可能性，意為"可能，會(huì)"，符合句意。need需要；should 應(yīng)該； mu

18、st 必須。8.They might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers.（2018 北京， 13）A.droveB.would driveC.were to driveD.had driven答案 D解析 根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)形式以及語(yǔ)境可知，if 條件句應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)：主句謂語(yǔ)用“ should/would/ could/might+ have done",從句謂語(yǔ)用“had +過(guò)去分詞”。9.not for the support of the

19、teachers ， the student could not overcome her difficulty.（2017 江蘇，22）A.It wereB.Were itC.It wasD.Was it答案 B解析 句意為：如果沒(méi)有老師們的支持，這名學(xué)生不可能戰(zhàn)勝困難。此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用were;在非真實(shí)條件句中，如果有 should, had或were時(shí)，可以省略if,而把should, had或were提至主語(yǔ)前，形成部分倒裝，故選 B項(xiàng)。10.Samuel， the tallest boy in our class ， easily reach the book

20、s on the top shelf.（2017 北京，21）A.mustB.shouldC.canD.need答案 C解析 句意為：我們班最高的男孩塞繆爾能輕松地夠到頂層架子上的書。此處表示能力，要用can。must必須；should應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該；need需要。11.If the new safety system to use， the accident would never have happened.（2017 北京，34）B.were putD.would be putA.had been putC.should be put答案A解析句意為：要是新的安全系統(tǒng)被投入使用了的話，這起事

21、故就不會(huì)發(fā)生了。此處表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況，所以從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，選A 項(xiàng)。12 .My room is a mess， but I clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in themorning.（2017 天津，2）A.daren tB.shouldn tC.needn tD.mustn t答案 C解析 句意為：我的房間很亂，不過(guò)今晚在我出去之前，我沒(méi)必要（needn' t）打掃它。我可以在（明天）早晨打掃。daren' t不敢；shouldn' t不應(yīng)t如 mustn' t不準(zhǔn)。13 . Do y

22、ou have Betty s phone number?Yes.Otherwise, I able to reach her yesterday.（2017 天津，15）-A.hadn t beenB.wouldn t have beenC.weren tD.wouldn t be答案 B解析 句意為： 你有貝蒂的電話號(hào)碼嗎？ 有。不然我昨天就聯(lián)系不上她了。由空前的 otherwise 及句意可知應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，此處表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用wouldhave done,故選 B。14.If it for his invitation the other day , I should

23、 not be here now.（2016 江蘇，27）A.had not beenB.should not beC.were not to beD.should not have been答案A解析句意為：如果不是他前幾天邀請(qǐng)我，我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在這里了。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，此處為虛擬語(yǔ)氣，再結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)the other day 可知，這是對(duì)過(guò)去行為的虛擬，故if 從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。15.I love the weekend ， because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.（2016 北京， 31）A.needn tB.mustn t

24、C.wouldn tD.shouldn t答案 A解析 句意為：我喜歡周末，因?yàn)槊糠曛芰?、周日我不需要早起。needn t 不需要；mustn t禁止；wouldn ' t不會(huì)；shouldn' t不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。16.Why didn t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you me， I could havehelped.（2016 北京，34）A.toldB.had toldD.would tellC.were to tell答案 B解析 句意為：你上周為什么不告訴我你的麻煩。如果你告訴了我，我就能夠幫

25、助你。根據(jù)last week 可知，事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去；根據(jù)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞could have done 可知，是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，因此從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)had done。故選B項(xiàng)。1.1 It was really annoying ； I get access to the data bank you had recommended.（2016 天津，5）A.wouldn tB.couldn tC.shouldn tD.needn t答案 B解析 句意為：真煩人，我無(wú)權(quán)使用你推薦的資料庫(kù)。couldn' t意為“不能”，符合語(yǔ)境。wouldn t 不愿意；shouldn t 不應(yīng)該；ne

26、edn t 沒(méi)必要。1.2 I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadn ' t been wearing one, I.（2016 天津，15）A.were injuredB.would be injuredC.had been injuredD.would have been injured答案 D解析 句意為：我當(dāng)時(shí)系著安全帶。如果沒(méi)系的話，我會(huì)受傷的。根據(jù)題干中的“ If I hadn tbeen wearing one” 可知， 此處表達(dá)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，所以主句的謂語(yǔ)用would havebeen injured。19 .Had the go

27、vernments and scientists not worked together ， AIDS-related deaths sincetheir highest in 2005.（2016 浙江，15）A.had not fallenB.would not fallC.did not fallD.would not have fallen答案 D解析 句意為：如果各國(guó)政府和科學(xué)家們不一起合作的話，與艾滋病相關(guān)的死亡人數(shù)就不會(huì)自 2005 年的最高值降下來(lái)。根據(jù) Had the governments and scientists not worked together 可知事情發(fā)生在

28、過(guò)去，因此是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，主句用would have done 形式。故選D 項(xiàng)。20 .George too far.His coffee is still warm.（2016 浙江，17）A.must have goneB.might have goneC.can t have goneD.needn t have gone答案 C解析 句意為：?jiǎn)讨尾豢赡茏哌h(yuǎn)。他的咖啡還是溫的。can t have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的否定推測(cè)，意為“不可能做了”。模擬題組1 . It s really great to have a computer to store my photos.

29、Don t count on it too much.It break down and you d better make a copy of them.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.will答案 B解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為： 有一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)來(lái)儲(chǔ)存照片真是太棒了。 不要過(guò)度依賴它。它有時(shí)候也會(huì)出故障，你最好做一個(gè)備份。計(jì)算機(jī)出故障這是可能的事情，表示客觀可能性用can。must肯定，必須；should應(yīng)該；will表意愿。故 B選項(xiàng)正確。2 .Frankly speaking， I am not sure whether I this in the old days with t

30、hat kind ofequipment， which looks quite odd and ridiculous.A.should have doneB.need have doneC.would have doneD.must have done答案 C解析 考查 “ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done” 。句意為：坦率地說(shuō)，我不確定在過(guò)去我是否會(huì)用這種設(shè)備做這件事，這看起來(lái)很奇怪和可笑。should have done 表示 “ 本應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做某事"；need have done表示“本來(lái)需要做某事而沒(méi)有做"；would have done虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)過(guò)去

31、事情的假設(shè)，意思是“ 本來(lái)會(huì)做” ； must have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)，譯成 “ 一定做過(guò)某事” ，故選 C。3 .This car is important to our family.it break down within the first year ， we would repairit at our expense.A.CouldB.WouldC.MightD.Should答案 D解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為：這輛車對(duì)我們家很重要。如果在第一年內(nèi)發(fā)生故障，我們將自費(fèi)修理。分析句子可知，本句為if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句，表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句為：sb

32、. should do sth. ，主句為：sb. would /could/ might/should do 。當(dāng) if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件從句中含有had， were， should 等時(shí)，如將if 省略，則要將had， were， should 等移到主語(yǔ)前構(gòu)成部分倒裝句。故D 選項(xiàng)正確。4 .The law is equally applied to everyone.No one be above it.A.shallB.mustC.mayD.need答案A解析考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：法律面前人人平等。沒(méi)有人能凌駕于法律之上。shall 用于第二、 第三人稱，則含有命令、警告、允諾或威脅的

33、語(yǔ)氣；must 必須，一定，用于肯定句；may可以，能夠，表 “允許”時(shí)一般不與第三人稱連用；need表示沒(méi)有必要或詢問(wèn)是否有必要，需要。故選A。5 . Excuse me， do you mind if I open the window? Well， if you .I can put on more clothes.A.canB.mayC.mustD.shall答案 C解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為： 不好意思，我把窗戶打開你介意嗎？ 好吧，如果你必須這么做的話。我可以多穿點(diǎn)衣服。can 能夠； may 可能； must 一定，必須；shall 會(huì)，將。must 表示偏要，必須要做，故選C。

34、6 . the woman with the baby come over? We have a seat here. Thank you， sir.Actually I do have my seat here.But my baby likes to look out of the window.A.WouldB.ShallC.MustD.May答案A解析考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為： 那位抱小孩的女士，要不來(lái)這邊吧？這兒有個(gè)座位。謝謝，實(shí)際上我有座位的，只是我的孩子喜歡看窗外。would 表示婉轉(zhuǎn)的請(qǐng)求，征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)；shall提問(wèn)一般只用于第一人稱，我們常說(shuō)Shall I？或者Shall w

35、e. ? ; may表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許。故選A。7 .Lack of sleep lead to weakened immunity and memory ， and also slow physical growth.A.shallB.mustC.shouldD.can答案 D解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：睡眠不足會(huì)導(dǎo)致免疫力和記憶力下降，還會(huì)減緩身體發(fā)育。shall將；must必須；should應(yīng)該；can會(huì)，表示理論上或是邏輯判斷上，用 can,故選D。8 . Difficulties always go with me! Cheer up! If God closes the door i

36、n front of you ， there be a window opened for you.A.mustB.wouldC.couldD.can答案A解析考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為： 困難總是伴隨著我！ 振作起來(lái)！如果上帝在你面前關(guān)上了門，一定有一扇窗戶為你打開。must必須，一定；would將要；could可能；can能。must 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)推測(cè)時(shí)，意為“ 一定 ” ，表示可能性很大的推測(cè)，符合句意。故A 選項(xiàng)正確。9 . Will it take me long to get to the Sunshine Hotel? No， it take you long.It s not t

37、he rush hour now.B.shan tA.shouldn tC.mustn tD.needn t答案A解析考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。 去陽(yáng)光酒店要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間嗎？ 不，不會(huì)花很久?，F(xiàn)在不是高山f期。shouldn' t不應(yīng)該，不會(huì)；shan' t多用于法律、規(guī)定；mustn' t不許，禁止；needn t 不必。故選A。10 .Hang a wet towel in your hotel room because of climate-controlled rooms and windows that don t open， the air be very dry.

38、A.mustB.canC.shallD.need答案 B解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。must必須，一定；can可能，能夠，有時(shí)可能，有時(shí)會(huì)； shall將要；need 需要。本句表示要在賓館房間里掛一塊濕毛巾，室內(nèi)的空氣有時(shí)可能會(huì)很干燥。根據(jù)句意可知 B 項(xiàng)正確。11 .“ The young man ， but he chose to stay and help me，”Prather told CBS News. “ Isay thank you to him every day. ”A.could have leftB.must have leftC.could leaveD.must leav

39、e答案 A解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為：這個(gè)年輕人本可以離開的， 但他卻選擇了留下來(lái)幫助我 。 根據(jù)but句中的chose可知，本句是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，應(yīng)該使用 “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done", 排除C、 D 兩項(xiàng)； B 項(xiàng) “ must have done” 意為 “ 一定做了某事” ，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，并不表示虛擬?！?could have done” 意為 “ 本可以做某事，實(shí)際上卻未做” ，是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，故A 項(xiàng)正確。12 .The society can remain good as long as we are willing to fight for it

40、and to fight against whatever imperfections exist.A.shall B.may C.should D.would答案 B解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：只要我們?cè)敢鉃檫@個(gè)社會(huì)努力，我們?cè)敢馊ズ筒煌昝揽赡軙?huì)出現(xiàn)的地方作斗爭(zhēng)，這個(gè)社會(huì)可能會(huì)保持美好。句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may 意為 “ 可能 ” ， 表示推測(cè)，語(yǔ)意較弱。故B 項(xiàng)正確。13 . Has he finished his homework? He ， for he is enjoying his favourite album.A.must haveB.can haveD.canC.must 答案 A

41、他肯定寫完了，因?yàn)樗诮馕?考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為： 他已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了嗎？欣賞最喜歡的專輯。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是表示對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)，must have done sth. 表示“ 肯定做了某事” 。故選 A 。14.But for the fact that he the truth ， he for a week s imprisonment.A.didn t know； would beB.hadn t known ； might have punishedC.didn t know； would have been punishedD.hadn t know； could be pun

42、ished答案 C解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為：要不是因?yàn)樗恢勒嫦?，他?huì)受到一周監(jiān)禁的懲罰。他不知道真相是過(guò)去的事實(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣didn t know； that he didn t know the truth 為 fact 的同位語(yǔ)。根據(jù)but for.可知，整句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，第二空應(yīng)用“ would /could/ might/should have done” 的形式。根據(jù)句意，他就會(huì)受到懲罰，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選C。15.It seems strange that the old man have returned to college to finish the degree

43、he leftundone four decades ago.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might答案 B解析 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為：這位老人竟然回到大學(xué)去完成他四十年前沒(méi)有完成的學(xué)位，這似乎很奇怪。在It is strange that句式中，其中由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣，也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其區(qū)別是：用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should +動(dòng)詞原形）主要強(qiáng)調(diào)驚訝之意，其感情色彩比較濃；若不特別強(qiáng)調(diào)感情色彩，則用陳述語(yǔ)氣，故選B 。16. Thank you for your assistance， without I might have been in danger. That s all right ， anyone in my place the same thing.A.that； will doB.it； wouldC.which ； can have doneD.which ； would have done答案 D解析 考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意為： 謝謝你的幫助，沒(méi)有你的幫助我可能會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)。 沒(méi)關(guān)系，無(wú)論是誰(shuí)處在我的位置，都會(huì)這么做的。without I