初中定語從句講解及練習(xí)

1、初中定語從句講解及練習(xí)定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。女口：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面兩句中的 man 和 everything 是定語從句所修飾的詞， 后面。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞 that,which,who(賓格 who,when、why關(guān)系詞常有三個作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語從句 2、代替先行詞二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1. who 指人，在從句中做主語(1) TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2) Y

2、esterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2. whom 指人，在定語從句中充當賓語，?？墒÷浴?1) Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：關(guān)系代詞 whom 在口語和非正式語體中常用(3) Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3. which 指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1) Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which 在句子中做主語)(2) Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyester

3、day.(which 在句子中做賓語)4. that 指人時，相當于 who 或者 whom;指物時，相當于 which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(5) Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主語)(6) Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做賓語)5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語(1) hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2) ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin

4、.whose 指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替(3) theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4) theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5) doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?(6) doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)(1) theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.(2)

5、 theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.(3) tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.(4) tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.(5) wellgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.(6) wellgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.注意：1.含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開

6、使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof 等(1) thisisthewatchwhich/thatiamlookingfor.(t)(2) thisisthewatchforwhichiamlooking.(f)叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的所有格 whose)和關(guān)系副詞 where,3、在定語從句中擔(dān)當一個成分who 代替，可省略。2. 若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時用 whom,不可用 who 或者 that;指物時用 which,不能用 that;(1) themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend,(t)(2) themanwho

7、/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend,(f)(3) theplaneinwhichweflewtocanadaisverycomfortable.(t)(4) theplaneinthatweflewintocanadaisverycomfortable.(f)3. 介詞+關(guān)系代詞前可有 some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few 等代詞或者數(shù)詞(1) helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.(2) inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples

8、,someofwhichhavegonebad.(3) therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.解答介詞+關(guān)系代詞類型的定語從句題時，關(guān)鍵在于分析定語從句中的謂語動詞(該動詞是不及物動詞)習(xí)慣上常與什么介詞搭配使用。這就需要同學(xué)們在平時學(xué)習(xí)時要注重某些不及物動詞和介詞慣用的情形，并要靈活運用。例如：inthedarkstreet,therewasntasinglepersonshecouldturnforhelp.a.thatb.whoc.fromwhomd.towhom簡析：本題定語從句中的 turn 與

9、介詞 to 構(gòu)成固定短語turntosb.forhelp(向某人求助)。所以，d 是正確選項。定語從句練習(xí)練習(xí)(一)請分析一下定語從句：(請劃出定語從句，并標出先行詞)1.CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.2.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.3.Youcouldntunderstansoplewhotalkedfast.4.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5.Theysaidsomethingyoudidntlike.二、用關(guān)系代詞填空：that、which、w

10、ho、whom、whose1.Thisisthemanwantstoseeyou.2.ThestudentansweredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Themanyouwenttoseehascome.4.ThemanImetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.8.Themanwaspassingbysawwhathappened.9.Hereisthepenyoulostthedaybeforeyesterday.10.Thesebooksyoulentmewereveryuseful.三、單項選擇()1.YourteacherofChineseisayou

11、ngladycomesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose()2Ilikethehousewindowsfacesouth.A.whoseB.whosC.itsD.its()3Hewastheonlypersoninhisofficewasinvited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which()4.Thisisthemuseumwevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat()5.Charlietoldhismotherallhadhappened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD

12、.who6.WhereistheSchoolEnglishSpeechContestgoingtobeheldtonight?-Imnotsure.Isitinthehallcanhold300people?A.whereB.what7.Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?Ilikemoviesscarymonsters.C.thatD.whenA.whichhasB.thathaveC.whathasD.whyhave8. D0youknowthemanistalkingtoMissWu?A.heB.whomC.whoD.which9. Whichisyournewneigh

13、bor,LiuHua?ThemanT-shirtisred.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whose10. Doyouknowthegirlistalkingwithourteacher?Oh,shesmysister.A.whoB.whose.C.whomD.where11. Peopleoverweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.A.whoisB.whichareC.thatisD.whoare12. Sorry,wedonthavethecoatyouneed.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which13. Thisisthedictio

14、naryMumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom14. DoyouknowthemanissittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom15. Thebookheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A./B.whyC.whenD.what狀語從句專練I.選擇填空：1. Themancantgetonthebusbecausetherenoroomonit.A.wasB.isC.areD.were2. Iwaslisteningtothemusictherewasakn

15、ockatthedoor.A.whileB.whenC.becauseD.until3. Idontknowifhetomorrdwhe,Illmeethim.A.willcome,comesB.comes,comesC.willcome,willcomeD.come,willcome4TheteacherunderstandsthatMathshadalwaysbeeneasyforhim,itisnoteasyforthestudents.sinceB.uniessC.thoughD.when5. Iread,themoreIunderstand.A.ThemoreB.SomuchC.Ho

16、wmuchD.Forall6. WouldyougiveJohnnythisletterifyoutoseehimthisweek.A.willhappenB.happenC.arehappenedD.happened7. Shewasbusy,shecouldntgotoyourbirthdaypartylastnight.A.andB.soC.orD.but8. Englishisausefullanguageitisspokeninmanycountriesoftheworld.A.sothatB.suchthatC.sobecauseD.suchbecause9. Youwillsuc

17、ceedifyouharder.A.willworkB.wontworkC.workD.dontwork10. Writeclearlyyourteachercanunderstandyoucorrectly.A.sinceB.forC.becauseD.sothat11. Hisbrotherhasworkedthereheleftschool.whenB.afterC.sinceD.until12. Theboydidnstoptalkingthesecondbellrang.whenB.untilC.afterD.because13. Heranasfastaspossiblehecou

18、ldreachschoolontime.inordertoB.soastoC.whenD.sothat初中賓語從句練習(xí)題1.1 dontknowhewillcometomorrow.hecomes,Illtellyou.A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If2. Couldyoutellmethenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where3. Doyouknowwherenow?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive4. Doyouknowwhattime?A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves5. Shewantedtoknowhermotherlikedthepresent.AwhichBthatC.ifD.what6. Doyouknowhasbeenselectedtoattend（參力口）themeeting?A.w