考研復試專業(yè)英語

1、AAabandoned hole 報廢孔ablation 消融（作用）abnormal curve 非正常曲線abnormal value 異常值abrasion 磨蝕absence 缺失absolute coordinates 絕對坐標absolute elevation 絕對高度；海拔absolute error 絕對誤差absolute level 絕對標高absorbability 吸附力absorbed water 吸著水absorbing well 吸水井；注水井；滲水井accelerated consolidation 加速加固acceleration 加速度acceptance

2、 test 驗收試驗accepted scale 采用的比例尺acceptence of work 工程驗收access road 通道，便道accidental error 偶然誤差accretion of river bottom 河底淤高accretion of sand 淤砂accretion 淤積accumulated value 累計值accumulation curve 累積曲線accumulation terrace 洪積階地accuracy of calibration 標定精度accuracy of measurement 量測精度accuracy of observati

3、on 觀測精度accuracy of reading 讀數精度accuracy 精度acidimetry 酸量滴定法acidity and alkalinity test 酸堿度試驗action 作用active surface of sliding 主動(土壓力的)滑動面active drainage area 有效排水面積active earth pressure 主動土壓力active fault 活斷層active pile 主動樁active remote sensing 人工源遙感active seismical area 地震活動區(qū)active stabilizer 活性加固劑a

4、ctive state of plastic equilibrium 主動塑性平衡狀態(tài)active tectonic system 活動性構造體系active water 活性水activity 活性actual error 真誤差actual load 實際荷載actual measurement 實測actual state 現狀additional load 附加荷載adfreezing force 凍附力adfreezing strength 凍附強度adhesion 粘聚力adhesive water 薄膜水adjust 調整，對準adjustment of coordinates

5、坐標平差adjustment of observation 觀察平差adjustment 調整，對準admissible load 容許荷載admixture 摻合物adsorbed layer 吸附層adsorption 吸附作用aeolian plain 風成平原aeolian soil 風積土aeration zone 飽氣帶aeroview 鳥瞰圖age determination 年代測定age 年代ageing 老化aggregate 骨料agitator 攪拌器A-horizon 淋溶層air permeability 透氣性air tight 不透氣的air-dried soi

6、l 風干土air-lock 氣閘air-water surface 氣水結合面alimentation area 補給區(qū)A-line A線（塑性圖alkali soil 堿土alkaline soil 堿性土all-around pressure 周圍壓力allowable amplitude 容許振幅allowable bearing capacity 容許承載力allowable error 容許誤差allowable load 容許荷載allowable pile bearing load 單樁容許荷載allowable pile load 樁的容許荷載allowable settlem

7、ent 容許沉降量allowable value 容許值alluvial apron 山麓沖積扇alluvial fan 沖積扇alluvial plain 沖積平原alluvial soil 沖積土alluvial terrace 沖積階地alluvial valley 沖積河谷alluviation 沖積（作用）alluvium 沖積層alternating current induced polarzation交流激發(fā)極化法alternating load 交變荷載alternating strain 交變應變alternating stress 交變應力alternation 互層al

8、titude survey 高程測量altitude 高程；高度ambient pressure 圍壓amended plan 修正方案amount of compression 壓縮量amount of deflection 擾度amount 數量amplification factor 放大因數amplitude of vibration 振幅amplitude 振幅，幅度analysis of strain 應變分析analysis of stress 應力分析analysis 分析analytic balance 分析天平anchor grouting 錨固灌漿anchor block

9、 錨塊anchor bolt 錨栓anchor pile 錨樁anchor plate 錨板anchor rod 錨桿anchor wall 錨墻anchor 錨anchorage force 錨固力anchorage 地錨anchored bulkhead 錨定岸壁anchored sheet piling 錨定板樁墻andesite 安山巖angle of contact 接觸角angle of dilatancy 剪脹角angle of external friction 外摩擦角angle of internal friction 內摩擦角angle of obliquity （應力的

10、傾角angle of repose 休止角angle of rupture 破裂角angle of shearing strength 剪切角angle of true internal friction 真內擦角angle 角，角度angular deformation 角變形angular error 角度誤差anion adsorption 陰離子吸附anion exchange 陰離子交換anisotropic consolidation 各向不等壓固結anisotropic soil 各向異性土annual variation 年變化anticline 背斜anti-floccula

11、tion 反絮凝作用anti-slide pile 抗滑樁apparatus 儀器,設備apparent angle of internal friction表觀內摩角apparent cohesion 表觀粘聚力apparent dip 視傾斜；視傾角apparent resistivity 視電阻率apparent shearing strength 表觀抗剪強度application of load 施加荷載applied pressure 施加壓力approximate value 近似值aquiclude 隔水層；滯水層aquifer 含水層aquitard 弱含水層arch cul

12、vert 拱形涵洞arching 拱作用architectural design 建筑設計area of passage 過水面積area of well influence 井影響面積area ratio （取樣器面積比area 區(qū)域，地區(qū)arenite 砂質巖areometer 比重計argillite 泥質巖artesian aquifer 承壓含水層；自流水層artesian condition 承壓（水）狀態(tài)artesian head 承壓水頭artesian water 自流水artesian well 自流井artificial ground 人工地基ascension spri

13、ng 上升泉aseismatic design 抗震設計aseismic code 抗震規(guī)范aseismic region 無震地區(qū)assistant engineer 助理工程師associated structure 伴生構造assumed coordinates 假定坐標assumed value 假定值asymmetric(al) fold 不對稱褶皺atmospheric water 大氣水attainable precision 可達精確度attenuation 衰減atteration 沖積土Atterberg limits 阿太堡界限attitude of rocks 巖層產狀

14、attitude of stratum 地層產狀attitude 產狀auger bit 螺旋鉆頭auger drill 螺旋鉆auger pile 螺旋樁auger with hydraulic feed 液壓給進式螺旋鉆auger 麻花鉆autographic oedometer 自錄固結儀automatic ram pile driver 自動沖錘打樁機average grain size 平均粒徑average grain diameter 平均粒徑average stress 平均應力average water level 平均水位axial compression 軸向壓縮axia

15、l displacement 軸向位移axial extension test 軸向拉伸試驗axial load 軸向荷載axial strain 軸向應變axial stress 軸向應力axial symmetry 軸對稱axial thrust 軸向推力axis of fold 褶皺軸axis of principal stress 主應力軸axis of symmetry 對稱軸axis 軸BBback calculation 反算法back pressure 反壓力backfill grouting 回填灌漿backfill 回填土backosmotic pressure 反滲壓力b

16、ackward erosion 向源侵蝕bahymetry 測深法balance cone 平衡錐(稠度試驗)balloon densimeter 囊式密度計banded lode 帶狀礦脈banded structure 帶狀構造bar 桿，鉆桿basalt 玄武巖base failure of slope 土坡基底破壞base level 基準面base network 基線網base of slope 坡角base sheet 原圖base station 基準點base tilt factor 基底傾斜因數（地基承載力）base 基礎，底部base-line survey 基線測量ba

17、se-line 基線basement wall 地下室墻basement 地下室basin range structure 斷塊構造basin 盆地bathymetric line 等深線beads-shaped structure 串珠狀構造beam 梁bearing layer 承壓(持力)層bearing course 承壓墊層bearing area 承壓面積bearing capacity factor （地基）承載力數bearing capacity factors ( Nc,Nq,Nr) 承載力因數（地基）bearing deformation 承壓變形bearing graph

18、 反應曲線（樁工）bearing pile 支承樁bearing plate 載荷板bearing stratum 持力層bearing 方位角，承載bed （一）層，床bed rock 基巖bedded structure 層狀構造bedding surface 層面 bedding course 墊層bedding error 端墊誤差（三軸試驗）bedding plane slip 層面滑動bedding structure 層狀構造bedding 基床，層面，層理bedrock 基巖behaviour 性狀belled pier 擴底墩belled pile 擴底樁bench grav

19、el 階地礫石bench mark 水準點benched foundation 臺階式基礎bend in river 河曲biaxial state of stress 雙軸應力狀態(tài)binder 膠結物biological weathering 生物風化Bishop's simplified method of slice 肖普簡化條分法bit 鉆頭blank hole 未下套管的鉆孔blanket 鋪蓋blasting compaction method 爆炸擠密法bleeder well 減壓井blind drain 盲溝block diagram 三相圖block basin 斷

20、塊盆地block diagram 方框圖block sample 塊狀試樣block 塊blow count 擊數blow-in 涌入blown sand 風成砂blown tip pile 爆擴樁bluff 懸崖body wave 體波bog 沼澤boiling 翻漿border facies 邊緣相bore hole 鉆孔bore 鉆孔bored pile 鉆孔樁borehole log 鉆孔記錄borehole logging 鉆孔記錄borehole 鉆孔boring bit 鉆頭boring by percussion 沖擊鉆進boring casing 鉆探套管boring fra

21、me 鉆架boring machine 鉆探機具boring rod 鉆桿boring 鉆（探）borrow area 采料場bottom level 層底標高bottom pressure 底壓力（隧道）bottom 底boulder 漂石bound water 吸附水boundary line 邊界線boundary 邊界Boussinesq theory 布西涅斯克理論box caisson 沉箱box foundation 箱型基礎box pile 箱型鋼樁box shear apparatus 盒式剪切儀braced excavation 支撐開挖braced sheeting 支撐

22、擋板bracing 支撐brick foundation 磚基礎brief analysis 簡易分析brittle failure 脆性破壞Brownian movement 布朗運動brush joint 帚狀節(jié)理bubble 氣泡building area 建筑面積building code 建筑法規(guī)building material 建筑材料building settlement 建筑物沉降building survey 建筑測量building 建筑物built-up area 已建面積bulb pile 擴底樁bulk compressibility 體積壓縮性bulk densi

23、ty 體密度bulk modulus 體積模量bulkhead 岸壁bulking 體脹buoyant foundation 浮筏基礎buoyant pile 摩擦樁buoyant unit weigh 浮容重burden 覆蓋層burette 滴定管buried river 地下(暗)河buried structure 埋入式結構物butt 平樁頭by-pass seepage 繞滲Ccable anchor 索錨caisson foundation 沉箱基礎caisson pier 沉箱墩caisson pile 沉箱樁caisson 箱，沉箱calcareous concretion 鈣

24、質結核calculated self-weight collapse 計算自重濕陷量calculating chart 計算圖表calculous soil 礫質土calibration curve 標定曲線calibration error 校準誤差calibration test 標定試驗calibration 標定cambering 上拱度Camkometer 劍橋旁壓儀cantilever footing 懸臂式基礎cantilever foundation 懸臂式基礎cantilever retaining wall 懸臂式擋土墻cantilever sheet pile 懸臂式板樁

25、cantilever sheet piling 懸臂板樁cantilever 懸臂canyon 峽谷capacity of driven pile 打入樁的承載力capacity of saturation 飽和量capacity of well 井流量capacity 容量capillarimeter 毛細管儀capillarity 毛細管作用capillary fringe 毛細管水上升邊緣capillary head 毛細管水頭capillary height 毛細管水上升高度capillary migration 毛細管水移動capillary pressure 毛細管水壓力capil

26、lary rise 毛細上升高度capillary water 毛細水capillometer 毛細管試驗儀capollary tension 毛細管引力carbon-14 dating 碳14年代測定法Carlson stress meter 卡爾遜應力計case study 實例研究cased borehole 套管鉆孔cased hole 下套管的鉆孔cased pile 套管樁case-in 下套管 case-in-place pile 灌注樁casing procedure drilling 套管鉆進casing 套管Cassagrande's soil classifica

27、tion 卡薩格蘭德土分類法cast in-place pile 就地灌注樁catch-drain 截水溝catchment area 匯水面積cation exchange capacity 陽離子交換量cation exchange 陽離子交換cation 陽離子cavern 洞穴caving zone 塌陷區(qū)caving 坍落CBR=California Bearing Ratio 加州承載比CD-test=consolidated-drained triaxisl compression test cell pressure 室壓（三軸試驗）cell test 荷蘭式三軸試驗cell

28、單元，盒cement grouting 水泥灌漿cement mortar 水泥砂漿cementation 膠結作用cementing agent 膠結劑cement-stabilized soil 水泥加固土cement-water ratio 灰水比centering error 對中誤差chalk 白堊chamber 室change 變化channel 溝，水道character 特征，特性characteristic curve 特性曲線characteristic fossil 特征化石characteristic function 特征函數characteristic loop 特

29、性曲線characteristic point 特征點characteristic value 特征值chart表（圖）chemical grouting 化學灌漿chemical churning pile 旋噴樁chemical equivalent 化學當量chemical erosion 化學侵蝕chemical stabilization 化學加固chemical weathering 化學風化chief engineer 總工程師chopping bit 沖擊鉆頭chronologic(al) scale 地質年代表cinder 爐渣circlar arc analysis 圓弧分

30、析法circle of stress 應力圓circle 圓，弧circular foundation 圓形基礎circular slip surface 圓弧滑動面civil engineer 土木工程師civil engineering 土木工程 classfication 分類classification chart 分類表classification of the qualitative system 定性分類法classification system 分類系統classification test 分類試驗clay binder 粘土膠結物clay blanket 粘土鋪蓋（水工）

31、clay classification 粘土分類clay fraction 粘粒粒組clay grouting 粘土灌漿clay lens 粘土透鏡體clay mineral 粘土礦物clay partings 粘土夾層clay rock 粘土巖clay shale 粘土質頁巖clay stone 粘土巖clay 粘土clean sand 純砂cleaning 清理場地clean-out auger 清孔鉆clear height 凈高clear span 靜跨clinometer 測斜儀clogging 淤塞close texture 密實結構closed conduit 封閉管道close

32、ly graded soil 顆粒均勻的土CL-test=continual loading test 連續(xù)加荷固結試驗cluster structure 團粒結構coagulant 凝聚劑coagulantion 凝聚作用coal bed 煤層coal-bearing strata 含煤地層coarse aggregate 粗粒料coarse grained soil 粗粒土coarse sand 粗砂coarse screen 粗篩cobble 卵石code for soil and foundation 地基與基礎規(guī)范code 規(guī)范（程）coefficient between layer

33、s 層間系數，管涌比coefficient of active earth pressure 主動土壓力系數coefficient of adhesion 粘著系數coefficient of attenuation 衰減系數coefficient of collapsibility 濕陷系數coefficient of compressibility 壓縮系數coefficient of consolidation 固結系數coefficient of correlation 相關系數coefficient of curvature 曲率系數coefficient of earth pres

34、sure at rest 靜止土壓力系數coefficient of earth pressure 土壓力系數coefficient of elastic shear 彈性剪切系數coefficient of elastic uniform compression 彈性均壓系數coefficient of foundation ditch's rebound 基坑回彈系數coefficient of friction 摩擦系數coefficient of horizontal consolidation 水平固結系數coefficient of lateral pressure 側壓力

35、系數coefficient of passive earth pressure 被動土壓力系數coefficient of permeability 滲透系數coefficient of pore pressure 孔隙壓力系數coefficient of resilience 回彈系數coefficient of rigidity 剛度系數coefficient of secondary consolidation 次固結系數coefficient of self-weight collapsibility 自重濕陷系數coefficient of stiffness 剛度系數coeffic

36、ient of storage 儲水系數coefficient of subgrade reaction 基床反力系數coefficient of uniformity 不均勻系數coefficient of variation 變異系數coefficient of volume compressibility 體積壓縮系數coefficient 系數cofferdam 圍堰cohesion 內聚力cohesive soil 粘性土collapse settlement 濕陷量collapse 塌陷；濕陷collapsibility grading index 分級濕陷量collapsibil

37、ity 濕陷性collapsible loess 濕陷性黃土collapsible soils 濕陷性土collector well 集水井column pile 端承樁columnar joint 柱狀節(jié)理combination structure 混合結構combined footing 聯合基礎combined foundation 聯合基礎coment-water factor 水灰比compacted depth 壓實深度compacted fill 壓實填土compacted lift 壓實分層厚度compacted soil 壓實土compacting factor 壓實系數co

38、mpaction by driving 夯實compaction by layers 分層填土夯實compaction by rolling 碾壓compaction by vibrating roller 振動碾壓法compaction by vibration 振動壓實compaction effect 壓實效應compaction pile 擠密樁compaction test 擊實試驗compaction 壓實；夯實compactness 密實度compactor pass 擊實遍數compactor 壓實機compensated foundation 補償式基礎complete wa

39、ter analysis 水的全分析complete well 完整井composite map 綜合圖composite pile 組合樁composite sliding surface 復合滑動面compressibility 壓縮性compressible soil 壓縮性土compression index 壓縮指數compression curve 壓縮曲線compression failure 壓縮破壞compression test 壓縮試驗compression wave 壓縮波compression zone 壓縮區(qū)compression 壓縮compressive def

40、ormation 壓縮變形compressive strain 壓應變compressive strength 抗壓強度compressive stress 壓應力computation sheet 計算表格concentration of stresses 應力集中concentration 集中concentric weathering 同心風化concordant bedding 整合層面concrete beam 混凝土梁concrete dam 混凝土壩concrete pile 混凝土樁concrete pile 混凝土樁concrete tubular pile 混凝土管樁con

41、crete vibro column pile 振動混凝土柱樁concrete 混凝土concretion 結核condition 狀態(tài)，條件conduit pipe 管道conduit system 管道系統conduit 管道cone foundation 錐形基礎cone of depression 降落漏斗cone of recharge 補給漏斗cone penetrometer 圓錐觸探儀cone 圓錐體confined aquifer 承壓含水層confined compression 側限壓縮confined grain diameter 限制粒徑confined water

42、承壓水confining bed 隔水層confining pressure 周圍壓力conformable contact 整合接觸conformable stratum 整合地層conjugate joint 共軛節(jié)理consistency index 稠度指數consistency limit 稠度界限consistency test 稠度試驗consistency 稠度consolidation apparatus 固結儀consolidation curve 固結曲線consolidation deformation 固結變形consolidation of soft foundat

43、ion 軟弱地基加固consolidation pressure 固結壓力consolidation ratio 固結比consolidation settlement 固結沉降consolidation test 固結試驗consolidation 加固，固結consolidometer 固結儀constant gradient test 等梯度固結試驗constant head permeability test 常水頭滲透試驗constant head permeameter 常水頭滲透儀constant pressure device 恒壓裝置constitutional equati

44、on 本構方程constitutive law of soils 土的本構關系constitutive law 本構定律constitutive relation 本構關系constrained diameter 限制粒徑construction condition 施工條件construction plan 建筑平面圖construction procedure 施工程序construction sequences 施工程序construction survey 施工測量construction work 建筑工程construction 建筑consulting engineer 咨詢工程

45、師contact erosion 接觸面沖蝕contact metamorphism 接觸變質作用contact pressure 接觸壓力contact relation 接觸關系contact zone 接觸帶contact 接觸content 容量continental drift theory 大陸漂移說continuous sampling 連續(xù)取樣continuous concrete wall 地下連續(xù)墻continuous concrete wall 連續(xù)墻continuous footing連續(xù)基礎continuous layer 連續(xù)層continuous load 連續(xù)荷

46、載continuously loaded oedometer 連續(xù)加荷固結儀contour interval 等高距contour map 等高線圖contour-interval 等高距contractive soil 收縮性土control network 控制網control on slope stability 對斜坡穩(wěn)定性的控制control survey 控制測量control 控制conventional method of slices 常規(guī)條分法conventional sign 慣用符號conventional 常規(guī)的coordinate system 坐標系統coordi

47、nates 坐標core resistance 圓錐探頭阻力core sampler 巖芯取樣器core 巖芯；心墻correction factor for inclination 偏心荷載校正系數correction data 修正數據correlation analysis 相關分析correlation curve 相關曲線correlation procedure 相關程序corrosion 侵蝕corrosive water 侵蝕性水Coulomb's earth pressure theory 庫侖土壓力理論Coulomb's law 庫侖定律count 計數，擊

48、數counter bore 擴空鉆counterfort retaining wall 后扶垛式擋土墻course 過程，層covered conduit 暗溝CPT=cone penetration test 圓錐觸探試驗crack 裂縫cracked zone 破碎帶creep 蠕變creep-time curve 蠕變時間曲線crevice water 裂隙水criterion 準則critical circle 臨界圓critical condition 臨界條件critical damping 臨界阻尼critical density 臨界密度critical head 臨界水頭cr

49、itical height of slope 土坡臨界高度critical load 臨界荷載critical point 臨界點critical range 臨界區(qū)critical stress 臨界應力critical surface 臨界面critical value 臨界值critical water content 臨界含水量crop 露頭cross bedding 交錯層理cross section 橫斷面cross stratification 交錯層理crosshair 十字絲（測）crosshole method 跨孔法cross-wire 十字絲CRP-test=const

50、ant rate of penetration test等速貫入試驗crushed stone 碎石crust of weathering 風化殼crust 外殼，硬殼CRU-test=constant rate of uplift test 等速上拔試驗CU-test=consolidated undrained triaxial compression Culmann construction 庫爾曼圖解法（土力學）culvert 涵洞cumulose soil 腐植土curtain grouting 帷幕灌漿curve board 曲線板curve fitting 曲線擬合curve 曲

51、線cushion 墊層cut and cover method 明挖法（隧道cut 挖方cuttability 可挖性cutting ring 環(huán)刀cuttings 鉆屑cycle of loads 荷載周期cycle of stress reversal 應力交變周期cycle of stress 應力周期cycle of vibration 振動周期cycle 循環(huán)，周期cyclic loading 周期荷載cyclic number 循環(huán)次數cyclic shear strain amplitude 周期剪應振幅 cyclic simple shear test 周期單剪試驗cyclic

52、 stress ratio 周期應力比cyclic stress 周期應力cyclic triaxial test 周期荷載三軸試驗cyclic variation 周期變化DDdado 護壁板dam site 壩址dam 壩damping ratio 阻尼比damping 阻尼Darcy's law 達西定律data acquisition 數據收集data analysis 數據分析data collection 數據收集data processing system 數據處理系統data sheet 成果表data treatment 數據處理data 數據dating 年代測定d

53、atum level 基準面datum plane 基準面datum 基準點dead load 靜荷載debouch 河口debris flow 泥石流debris from demolition 建筑拆除垃圾decline of water table 水位下降decomposition 分解decompression 卸荷deep consolidation 深層加固deep foundation 深基礎deep well method 深井法deep-well pump 深井泵deflected pile 偏位樁deflection curve 擾度曲線deflection inclin

54、ometer 測斜儀deflection 變形deflocculant 分散劑deflocculation 反絮凝作用deformation measurement 變形測量deformation 變形deformeter 變形計defrosting 解凍degree of accuracy 精度degree of compaction 壓實度degree of consolidation 固結度degree of disturbance 擾動程度degree of mineralization 礦化度degree of saturation 飽和度degree of sensitivity 靈敏度degree of sorting 分選程度degree of stability 穩(wěn)定度degree of weathering 風化程度degree of wetness 濕度deg