英語(yǔ)考試技巧(共12頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上1忌不帶問(wèn)題。做閱讀理解題時(shí)，應(yīng)先把文章后面所給的考查題瀏覽一遍，然后帶著這些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行閱讀。邊閱讀邊選出考查表層情況問(wèn)題的答案，從而提高閱讀效果。       2忌草率行事。在設(shè)計(jì)理解題時(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)者往往在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)似是而非的答案。這樣答案干擾性特別強(qiáng)，容易迷惑考生。如果在發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)看似正確答案時(shí)就草率定案，往往會(huì)掉進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)者設(shè)置的“陷阱”里。處理的方法是：對(duì)所給四個(gè)備選答案進(jìn)行分析比較，在理解理解閱讀材料內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行去偽存真，方可選出正確答案。       3忌主觀印象。少數(shù)閱讀不

2、明確題只需根據(jù)生活常識(shí)就可選出答案，而絕大多數(shù)則不然，考生必須按照原文來(lái)選定答案。因此，考生在做后一種測(cè)試題時(shí)，一定要排除自身的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)、經(jīng)歷和已有的知識(shí)等主觀因素的干擾，按照文章實(shí)際反映的情況來(lái)選擇答案。      4忌囫圇定案。所謂囫圇定案是指考生在未完全讀懂文章時(shí)就匆忙定案，結(jié)果往往選錯(cuò)答案。因此，尚未讀懂的地方如果時(shí)間允許的話，一定要慢速多讀幾遍，直到讀懂時(shí)再定答案。       5忌忽略時(shí)間。做閱讀理解題時(shí)，一定要從整體上控制時(shí)間，時(shí)間分配根據(jù)文章的難易程度有別。文中一兩處沒(méi)弄懂的地方

3、可以暫且放置一邊，等把全部題做完后，再回頭來(lái)處理。因?yàn)樽鐾觐}后，你的心情相對(duì)放松了往往會(huì)產(chǎn)生新的思路、新的靈感。即使做完題后時(shí)間所剩無(wú)幾了，你再把未處理的題猜測(cè)一下也不晚，因?yàn)槟闳匀挥羞x對(duì)的可能性?？偠灾喿x理解靠的是扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)。     俗話說(shuō)：冰凍三尺，非一日之寒。扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)來(lái)自平時(shí)嚴(yán)格的基本功訓(xùn)練和長(zhǎng)期的知識(shí)積累。只要平時(shí)刻苦用功，打下扎實(shí)的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)，又掌握了較科學(xué)的解題方法做“閱讀理解”題是不會(huì)太難的。        老規(guī)矩：練練吧。  &#

4、160;For many people the subject of hiccups (嗝) is a joke, but for Harry Mendes, a fifteen-year-old schoolboy from Birmingham, it was something quite different.His hiccups began one Sunday lunchtime and continued day and night for two weeks. After the first week, Harry's parents took him to hospi

5、tal, but it took another week for the doctors to cure his attack.Harry, who is now back at school, described what happened to him. “When I began to hiccup, I drank a glass of water but that didn't do any good. That evening I had hiccups every four seconds. We tried everything to stop them. I hel

6、d my breath and drank cold drinks. My father even tried to give me a shock but that didn't work either.” After a week of sleepless nights, he went to hospital. The doctors took an X-ray of his chest but they couldn't find anything wrong.“They gave me some medicine and my hiccups slowed down,

7、 but it was another week before the medicine worked completely and my hiccups stopped.” Harry was very lucky. The world record holder is the American farmer Charles Osborne, who hiccupped for sixty-eight years. He stopped in 1990 at last, but nobody knows why.1.Harry's hiccups lasted _. A. a wee

8、k B. fourteen days C. twenty-eight days D. one month 2.His hiccups started after he _. A. drank a glass of water B. went to hospital C. ate an Indian meal D. finished his homework 3.His parents decided to take him to hospital when he _.A. hiccupped for four seconds B. held his breath C. hiccupped at

9、 night D. couldn't stop hiccupping 4.His hiccups completely stopped one week after the doctor _. A. gave him some medicine B. took an X-ray of his chest C. gave him a shock D. let him drink cold drinks 5.What does “shock” in this passage mean？ A. 震驚 B. 休克 C. 噴嚏 D. 哈欠 1.通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜詞 通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜詞,首先是找出生詞與

10、上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,然后才能猜詞.有時(shí) 文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course,therefore等等)表示前因后果.例如: You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault.通過(guò)for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò)),可猜出blame的詞義是"責(zé)備". 2.通過(guò)同義詞和反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞 通過(guò)同義詞猜詞,一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組,如happy and gay,即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)

11、詞,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過(guò)程中使用的同義詞,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星).Mars(火星).Jupiter(木星)均為生詞,但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個(gè)詞都屬于"行星"這一義域.通過(guò)反義詞猜詞,一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞,如but,while,however等;二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語(yǔ),如:He is so homely,not at a

12、ll as handsome as his brother.根據(jù)not at all.handsome我們不難推測(cè)出homely的意思,即不英俊.不漂亮的意思. 3.通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜詞 在閱讀文章時(shí),我們總會(huì)遇上一些新詞匯,有時(shí)很難根據(jù)上下文來(lái)推斷其詞意,而它們對(duì)文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用,此時(shí),如掌握了一些常用的詞根.前綴.后綴等語(yǔ)法知識(shí),這些問(wèn)題便不難解決了. 4.通過(guò)定義或釋義關(guān)系來(lái)推測(cè)詞義 例如:But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time.Then there is a dry period,or drought. 從drought

13、所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的時(shí)期,即drought,由此可見(jiàn)drought意思為"久旱","旱災(zāi)".而a dry period和drought是同義語(yǔ).這種同義或釋義關(guān)系常由is,or,that is,in other words,be called或破折號(hào)等來(lái)表示. 5.通過(guò)句法功能來(lái)推測(cè)詞義 例如:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞,我們可以從這兩

14、個(gè)詞在句中所處的位置來(lái)判斷它們大致的意思.從句中不難看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同類關(guān)系,同屬fruit類,因此它們是兩樣水果,準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō),是菠蘿和椰子. 6.通過(guò)描述猜詞 描述即作者為幫助讀者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而對(duì)該人或該物作出的外在相貌或內(nèi)在特征的描寫.例如:The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy w

15、ater to catch the fish.從例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一種生活在南極的鳥類.后面更詳盡地描述了該鳥類的生活習(xí)性.再來(lái)練一篇，是我的學(xué)生的話，冒個(gè)泡哦In 1620, about half the USA was covered by forests Today the forests have almost gone A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand China doesn't want to copy the USA's example We're plant

16、ing more and more trees We've built the " Great Green Wall" of trees across northern part of our countryThe Great Green Wall is 7,000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1,700 kilometres wide It will stop the wind from blowing the earth away It will stop the sand from moving towards t

17、he rich farmland in the south More "Great Green Walls" are needed Trees must be grown all over the world Great Green Walls will make the world better根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。1In 1620, about _ the USA was covered by forestsAa third Bhalf Ctwo thirds Da fourth2A lot of good land has gone with _Asand Bw

18、ater Cwind Dforests3The Great Green Wall in China is _ longA7,000 kilometers B1,700 kilometers C7,000 meters D400 kilometers4Trees must be grown in _.AChina Bthe USA Csome countries Devery part of the world5_ will make the world betterAThe Great Wall BTall buildings CGreat Green Walls DFlowers and g

19、rass(一)直接題目：這種題目比較簡(jiǎn)單，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，就可以解答出來(lái)，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案。(二)理解性問(wèn)題：要求對(duì)文中個(gè)別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞、詞組或句子做出解釋。解答這類題目時(shí)需要對(duì)有關(guān)的上下文，甚至整篇文章的內(nèi)容建立準(zhǔn)確、立體的理解才能做出正確答案。(三)推理性題目：這種題目考生往往不能直接從文中找到答案，而需要根據(jù)上下文及其相互間的關(guān)系或?qū)φ恼逻M(jìn)行深層理解后，才能找到答案。有時(shí)甚至還得考慮作者的主旨、傾向等因素加以推理，才能獲得正確答案。(四)概括性題目：要求考生在閱讀和理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章做出歸納、概括或評(píng)價(jià)。解這種題目時(shí)，不能只憑文

20、中的只言片語(yǔ)而斷章取義，比如涉及文章的標(biāo)題、主題、結(jié)論、結(jié)局等有關(guān)問(wèn)題，都需要在細(xì)讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)、專業(yè)知識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯思維推理判斷，從而獲取文章中內(nèi)含的信息。Once Einstein gave a lecture in many places in America His driver always listened to him and knew the lecture so well that he was sure be could give it himself So Einstein agreed that the driver gave the

21、lecture himAs nobody knew Einstein there, the driver gave the lecture for Einstein that evening At first he was a bit afraid, but Einstein's smile made him feel better He gave a good lecture and the people were quite pleasedThen the driver started to leave and Einstein followed him without a wor

22、d When they got to the door, a man asked the driver a difficult questionThe driver said that the question was very easy, and told the man to ask his driver behind to answer it根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，每空限填一詞。Einstein gave the (1) _ lecture again and again His driver (2) _ to his lecture so many times (3) _ he wanted

23、 to give it (4) _ When Einstein knew it, he let the driver (5) _ the lecture for him that night The driver gave a (6) _ lecture and the great scientist was quite pleasedWhen they were (7) _ the lecture room, a man asked the driver a question To show (8) _ easy the question was, the driver asked Eins

24、tein who followed him (9) _ to answer it (10) _ of himWhy dont you turn on the television? Thats a good idea.What about going to that new restaurant? Thats a good idea.How about a trip to Beijing? Thats a good idea.Youd better not sit on the chair。 It is wet.Thank you for reminding me.請(qǐng)求許可類：May I bo

25、rrow your notebook after class?No problem.Would you help me with my homework?Yes, of courseMay I leave now?No , you neednt.Do you mind if I turn on the radio? No, please go ahead.提供幫助類：Let me know if you need any help.Thank youLet me help you move the desk.Thank you very muchIf you have any question

26、s, you can come to ask me. Thank youIs there anything I can do for you?-No thank you. Im just looking around.邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求類：Id like to inviter you to my twelfth birthday party.Thank you. I d love to come.Why dont you drop in at my house tomorrow?Id love to .We will hold a party this weekend. Would you join

27、us ?Yes, I am glad to .Would you like to have a tea?No thank you/Yes, please.How do you like your coffee?black/white/ with milk but no sugar/a glass of water will do祝賀贊揚(yáng)類：Congratulations on your success!Thank you.Its so kind of you to help me with my math.Dont mention it /Thats all right./My pleasur

28、e.You are an excellent singer.Thank you.Youve done a good job.Thank you遺憾類：Im afraid I have got a bad cold.Im sorry to hear that.I lost my mobile phone yesterday. Im sorry to hear that.I didnt feel well this morning.Whats wrong with you？Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long. Thats all right.特殊疑問(wèn)

29、句類：How often.?（問(wèn)頻率）Once a week/Once a monthHow long? （問(wèn)時(shí)間多久）How far?(問(wèn)距離)How soon?（問(wèn)多快）about a week.When/Where/Who/What/How many/How much等其他常考典型句型：Make your self at home, please. Thanks, I will.What does look like?It is very beautiful.問(wèn)路：Excuse me, how can I go to the nearest supermarket?Sorry, Im n

30、ew here too.打電話:This is Id like to speak to /May I speak to ?Hold on, please.介紹; This is my cousin, Alice. -Hi, Alice.天氣類：What was the weather like yesterday? It was sunny.詢問(wèn)意見(jiàn)：What did you think of the film?同意與不同意：I didnt like pop music when I was young. Neither did I1、預(yù)測(cè)在先     

31、     三筆考試在讀題前有很多“廢話”時(shí)間（也就是讀題目要求）因此在放音前，要快速瀏覽問(wèn)題及選項(xiàng)，做到心中有數(shù)，帶著問(wèn)題去聽。即使問(wèn)題不給出，預(yù)習(xí)選項(xiàng)也有助于答題。一定要變被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)。2、抓關(guān)鍵詞、主題句。     大家都知道，對(duì)話、篇章理解一般都是注重對(duì)“5W”“1H”（即what,who, when,where,why; how）的考察。以及轉(zhuǎn)折詞(but)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)此（first,second, on the other hand等）     要善于抓住與此有關(guān)的詞匯和句子。這些詞的信息一般為重點(diǎn)信息。同時(shí)也可以幫助你理清文章思路。3、學(xué)會(huì)速記。