上海新世紀(jì)英語教材――高二全部課文(包括Additional

1、上海外語教育出版社 新世紀(jì)英語高二全部課文(包括 Additional Reading及重點(diǎn)詞組高二第一學(xué)期1. Food in the United StatesMany changes are taking place in food styles in the United States. The UnitedEthnic restaurants and supermarkets are common in the United States. Being a American cities and towns are filled with restaurants serving in

2、ternational cooking. Many even have ethnic sections: Chinatown, Little Italy, or Germantown. Having vast ethnic choices, Americans can enjoy food from all over the world. Besides sections of cities, there are ethnic regions, which are well-known for certain food because of the people who have settle

3、d there. For example, in southern California, there are many Mexican restaurants.Health food became popular when people began to think more seriously about does not contain preservatives to make it last longer or chemicals to make it taste or health food are usually vegetarians. They dont Fast food

4、restaurants are now expanding rapidly all over the country. In the United States, speed is a very important concept. People usually have a short lunch break because they just do not want to waste their time eating. Fast food restaurantslittle waiting, and the food is always cheap. Burger and pizza p

5、laces are just two examples.Americans attitude toward food is changing, too. The traditional big breakfast Americans find that dinner with family and friends is a very special of enjoying time relax and enjoy a wider variety of tastes at dinner, they stilllunch at a hamburger stand.2. The worlds bes

6、t ethnic foodHow can you travel the world without leaving your own country? Visit an ethnic restaurant! Trying foods from other countries is a great way to experience different cultures. People around the world have unique and creative ways of preparing food. The ingredients they use may surprise yo

7、u.So what are the worlds best ethnic foods? Everyone has his or her own personal favourites, and so do we. The following are the worlds three best ethnic foods-other than Chinese food, of course!ITALIAN When you visit an Italian restaurant, order a pasta(意大利面食 dish. The Italians have hundreds of way

8、s of preparing this food. Pastas usually come with flavourful tomato or cream sauces, which give the dishes a powerful, rich flavour. There are also different kinds of cheese.When ordering Italian food, you choose one main dish for yourself. You may, however, order an appetizer to share with everyon

9、e at the table.MEXICAN Whats great about Mexican food? Most of it you can pick up and eat with your hands!One major Mexican food is the tortilla(尤指墨西哥人食用的玉米薄餅 . Mexican chefs mold this corn or flour-based material into round, flat shapes. The tortilla then gets filled with ingredients such as cheese

10、, meat, sour cream, beans and other vegetables. Tortilla dishes can be fried, baked or toasted. Dont forget to add hot sauce-Mexican food is great with a bit of spice!INDIAN India is the land of curries and strong flavours. You can smell a good Indian restaurant even before you walk through the door

11、!The eating method of Indian food also takes a bit of getting used to.some flat fried bread and use this “spoon” to get food from a shared dish. You can finish the meal with Indian-style milk tea.While Chinese food is great, try something new and3. The global drinkTea, the global drink, is consumed

12、around the world more than any other drink except water. China, tea has long itself the national drink of this country, the nation with the biggest population on earth.A century before the birth of Christ, tea was described in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live longer. Tea is still b

13、eing regarded as such. Scientific studies have suggested that drinking five cups of tea a day canhaving two servings of vegetables. Both green and black teas are claimed to be effective for preventing cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly disease. There drunk meals. This is because an element

14、 contained in tea canthe bodys absorption of iron.Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, is carefully prepared according to local customs. The Chinese put loose tea in teapots, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups. The strong tea from Chinas Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cu

15、ps before dinner. Lighter teas with jasmine, rose or other flowers, are special to Chinas Changjiang River regions. These are usually served after din ner to help digestion.In England people use teabags and mugs. Many English people, travelling away England is still a time-honoured tradition. Its a

16、good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters, though now more young people prefer a cola. In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea. The ceremony, usually held in a teahouse, the sixteenth century. Guestspractised today, the tea ceremony may not be

17、as popular as it used to be. Young 4. Coffeecontroversy about it. Many doctors said that coffee was a strong poison and should be forbidden. Others, however, insisted it was good to drink coffee. Then, “coffee houses”it is consumed by one third of the worlds population.Tests show that when coffee is

18、 given in large doses to animals, it can actually Coffee contains caffeine. Most people believed that it is the caffeine that produces all the effects that coffee has on the body. Of course, the other elements in Here are some of the things that happen when people drink coffee. The smell of coffee i

19、tself produces stimulating effects in various parts of the body. The blood vessels(血管 in the brain open wider so that the flow is improved, and this removes some of the poisonous substances from the brain. Coffee increases the pulse rate(脈 搏 , which means it stimulates the heart, and the muscles can

20、 thus work harder. Coffee makes the stomach work more actively, which is worthwhile for healthy people, especially when drunk after a heavy meal.Coffee actually produces different effects on the body at different times of the day! The morning coffee, for instance, helps the body waste products stimu

21、late the mind and the imagination!However, there always two sides to everything. Caffeine is stimulating, so a lot of people avoid drinking coffee at night, which is the time when people want to go because of the caffeine, and that has always been considered negative.5. The Mexican (Adapted from The

22、 Mexican Jack LondonRivera help his people his life. he fought against stronger and tougher boxers in the ring to make money for his people. He often lost at the beginning, but he grew more experienced.One day he a very tough fight against a champion boxer, Danny. Rivera didnt match Danny in height,

23、 weight, or skills. And he was not half as popular. However, “The winner takes all!” And Rivera stubbornly asked for all-all he had on his mind was making the money for his people.The fight was going on and on. The whole stadium was cheering for Danny; there were few on Riveras side. However, Rivera

24、 survived on blow after another; his excellent defence was frightening.Danny rushed, forcing Rivera to give him a clinch. Was it a trick? Rivera Yes, it was. But Rivera was smart enough to avoid it. He backed and circled away.He pretended to clinch with Dannys next rush. Instead,as their bodies shou

25、ld have come together, Rivera went quickly back. He had fooled him!While Rivera was dancing away, Danny kept challenging him openly. Having run after him for two rounds, Danny found the boy not even daring to come near He took blows by the dozen-just to avoid the deadly clinch.In the seventeenth rou

26、nd, Rivera, blown heavily, bent down. His handshim another blow on the neck and jaw. He repeated this three times.Danny did not rise again. The audience shouted for him to stand up. But the miracle did not happen.“Count!” Rivera cried to the referee. When the count was finished, Danny, gathered up b

27、y his assistants, was carried to his corner.“Who wins?” Rivera demanded.Unwillingly, the referee caught his gloved hand and held it high up.Rivera, unattended, walked to his corner, where his assistants had not yet placed his stool. He didnt care. All he could remember was that he had got t he $5000

28、 he needed. “The winner takes all!” What mattered to him was that his people could use the money to buy guns.6. PelePele was born in Brazil in 1940. Like many other Brazilian kids, Pele loved football and often played the game in the streets. He also went to school and play football in the streets o

29、r practise kicking the ball with his father (also a great football player.Pele gained the attention of some coaches, first in the neighbourhood contests At the age of fourteen, Pele was playing for one of the first professional football teams in Brazil. As Pele became the most popular game everywher

30、e in the world, except for North America. What had begun as a British sport became the favourite sport of people all around the world. Football became a truly international sport. Pele was in the Brazilian team in the World Cup matches of 1958. Before 1958, the Brazilian ream had failed in the final

31、s three times in a row. Some sports writers said the Brazilians, though gifted, had no discipline. In the 1958 finals against Sweden, Pele kicked the winning goal, and he returned home a hero.However, he never forgot his poor fellow men. Pele owned dozens of he often allowed poor families to live wi

32、thout paying rent. He bought his mother the home he had promised her when he signed his first professional contract. But the most exciting moment of all was in 1969, when Pele scored his thousandth goal. As football fans stormed onto the field and reporters a speech, all he said was, “Remember the p

33、oor children.”Today, Pele is one of the most famous athletes in the world. He retired in 1975. however, soon after that, he decided to play for three years with the New York team. He could not resist the challenge of trying to make football popular in the United States, one of the few countries in t

34、he world where football had not become the 7. The Olympicsskills, and number of athletes.The games are divided into two parts-the Summer Games and the Winter Games. The two parts are held in such a way that there are two years in between but four years before one is repeated.The Olympics were first

35、celebrated in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece, and were held every four years until 393 AD. Then, they were by theRoman emperor. It was not until the 1890s that the world saw the modern summer games. In 1896 the first modern Summer Olympics were held in Greece because that was where the tradition started.

36、 After that the Olympics would move to a different city every four years. In 1924, the Winter Olympics were added to the schedule. The Games were to take place in a separate, colder place. The event was cancelled during World War and World War for reasons known to all.Examples of modern Summer Olymp

37、ic events are events, ball games, diving, gymnastics, swimming. Typical Winter Olympic events are skating and skiing.The Olympic records are the world ones. An Olympic gold medal carries as much weight as, or even more than, any other gold medal won at other international competitions. The skills an

38、d determination demonstrated at the Olympics have It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to amaze the world with their excellent performance at the Olympics. Coming out number one many times in the Olympic events, Chinese athletes have brought home one gold medal aft

39、er another in swimming, diving, gymnastics, and aBeijing being selected by the International Olympic Committee (IOC as the host city for the 2008 Olympics. This has added a brilliant touch to the picture of modern Chinese sport history.Though once marked as “ ”, the Chinese have always been looking

40、forward to achieving the dream of becoming a sports giant. After continuous efforts for years the dream is gradually coming true, and it is understandable why the Chinese let out cries of joy the night Beijings bid to host the 2008 Olympics was approved!8. Stars from the southThe summer of 2001 saw

41、Australians win the Cycling Tour de France, beat the world at cricket(板球 and rugby, and have a player in the final of the Wimbledon Tennis Tournament for the eighteenth time.Many countries would be amazed at that kind of success. For Australia, it was million. There are more Olympic medal winners pe

42、r head of population in Australia than in any other country.What is it that makes Australians a sporting people? This is a question that many people involved in sports have asked themselves over the years.Some of the answers are simple. Sport needs space. Australians have 7.4 million square kilometr

43、es of space to play sports in. many other countries are either too crowded or too small to encourage everybody to take part. Besides that, Australia is a warm, dry country. This encourages people to go outdoors to enjoy themselves. Furthermore, since 85 per cent of Australians live near the sea, the

44、y learn water sports early; and since sharks swim off the coasts of Australia, they also learn to swim very fast.However, it is not just the environment. The Australian government emphasis is on trying to get everyone to join in. So Australia has a small population,but a large number of sports-lovin

45、g people to choose from.Other reasons the history and culture of the country. When the British first found Australia they decided that it would be a great place to send criminals to. Life for the first Australians was very tough, so they had to be independent and develop a will to win just to surviv

46、e. Yet they also had to be able to trust each other and be willingtrain people in mental toughness and team building. In Australia, these qualities are part of the general social environment.Being far away from Europe also meant that Australians were far away from cultural expression and part of the

47、 Australian nationality. An English football fan wants to see the national team do well, but really cares more about his local club. For an Australian, representing the nation is the most important thing of all. Everything else is just good practice. Being good at sports is part of what it means to

48、be an Australian.9. Why did I quit hunting?Why did I quit hunting?Well, it isnt a long story, but I wonder if you will really understand.cold mornings, that cup of hot coffee and then the walk over fresh-fallen snow, a fine rifle(步槍 in my hand.Theres a thrill in hunting, an excitement that comes ove

49、r you when a deer crashes out of the bush. You are waiting for him with death. After hunting, you also feel great. Theres the bit of with the boys-the fine head of the deer hung high up on the wall-sure, theres a thrill in all of it.Theres beauty in the woods, too, especiallyamong the huge trees, wh

50、ere the sunlight filters through. Its quiet and big, with touches of white and green and gold. And the silence is like that of a church.It was like that the last time I was in the woods. I was alone, packing a rifle, a thermos(保溫瓶 of coffee and three thick sandwiches. I went up into the hills, was p

51、retty cold, but I was dressed for it and didnt mind.I sat there for about an hour. It was then that I saw him. A deer, a big beautiful deer! He was off to my left. There was no cover nearer to him than 30 yards. Surely I couldnt miss! I waited for him to realize I was there. I waited for him to be s

52、hocked and run away. But he fooled me completely. He came towards me! He was curious, I suppose, or maybe he was stupid-how else can you explain it?men and guns. But he came closer, putting one foot before the other, slowly and What happened next is hard t o believe, but its true. And it all seemed

53、quite natural. Just as when a friendly puppy comes near you, I reached up and scratched his head, right between the horns. And he liked to be scratched. That big, wild, beautiful deer bent his head like a young horse. In fact, he practically asked for more. my shoulder. He didnt even tremble. Ifed h

54、im my sandwich! Yes, I know what a deer eats, but that deer ate my sandwich. Well, he finally went his way, down the hill and up the deer trail. Shoot him? Not me. You wouldnt have either, not after that. I just watched him go.Theres very little more to tell. I picked up my thermos and the wrapping

55、for the sandwiches, and started walking back. I was about half way back when I heard two shots, followed by a dull slam a few seconds later. Those two shoots usually mean a kill. I had forgotten there were other hunters that day.his head10. Jane GoodallIn 1960, the twenty-six-year-old scientist Jane

56、 Goodall risked entering the thick 黑猩猩,縮寫為 chimp were like them, ate and played with them and earned their trust by simply observing how they lived. Before Goodall, most visitors had frightened the chimps back into their rain forests. very little was actually known about them. Goodall, who insisted

57、on going into the bush alone for longer periods of time, collected more information about apes(類人猿 than all other scientists put together.Born in London to a writer and an engineer with a passion for car racing, Goodall received their daring and imagination-qualities that, along with her curiosity,

58、would serve her well in her future occupation. She was inspired at seven by the stories of Dr Dolittle, the scientist who could talk to animals. And with her stuffed toy chimpanzee by her side, the young girl spent hours studying worms(蠕 蟲,蚯蚓 in the garden, hens in the henhouse, and whatever insects

59、 she could find. After she graduated from high school in 1952, Goodall worked as a secretary at In 1957 she was invited to Kenya(肯尼亞 to visit a friend, where she met the world-renowned anthropologist(人類學(xué)家 Louis S.B. Leakey. Goodalls enthusiasm impressed him and he hired her as an assistant. Leakey later recommended her to a two-year research project studying chimpanzees in Gombe(岡貝