高級(jí)英語第二版第一冊lesson1課件

1、Face to Face with Hurricane CamilleLesson Oneby Joseph P. BlankTeaching Aimsn To know the writing techniques of a narrativen To be acquainted with some literary terms of narrationn To learn to use words to describe disasters and violencen To appreciate the language featuresn To learn to write a stor

2、y about disastersTeaching Contents and Steps I. Additional Background Knowledge II. Introduction to the Passage III. Effective Writing Skills IV. Rhetorical devices V. Special Difficulties VI. Discussion and exercisesNatural Disastersearthquakeflooddroughthurricanetornado龍卷風(fēng)龍卷風(fēng) typhoonsandstormsnows

3、tormsnowslideLandslide滑坡滑坡tsunamivolcanic eruption Brainstorming (集體自由討論)I. Additional Background Knowledge 1. Hurricane; 2. typhoon; 3. cyclone(旋風(fēng)旋風(fēng) ) I. Additional Background Knowledge Hurricane: a tropical storm in which winds attain (v.達(dá)到達(dá)到 ) speeds greater than 75 miles (121 kilometers) per hou

4、r. The term is often restricted to those storms occurring over the North Atlantic Ocean. Incipient (初期的初期的) hurricanes usually form over the tropical N Atlantic Ocean and mature as they drift westward.I. Additional Background Knowledge Hurricanes also occasionally form off the west coast of Mexico a

5、nd move northeastward from that area. An average of 3.5 tropical storms per year eventually mature into hurricanes along the east coast of North America, usually over the Caribbean Sea or Gulf of mexico. Hurricanes are given girls names.I. Additional Background Knowledge Typhoon: similar storms occu

6、rring over the West Pacific Ocean and China Seas are called typhoons which are given serial numbers. I. Additional Background Knowledgewhirlwind (龍卷風(fēng))- a general term/ circular windTornado(暴風(fēng)；大雷雨 ) -visible as a tube-shaped cloud of dust which moves in a relatively narrow path can be devastating in

7、its destructiveness.cyclone - a vortex, usually hundreds of miles in diameterImage: tornadoimage: tornadoimage: CycloneImage: CycloneImage: hurricane Camillenaming system the Beaufort scale The Beaufort Scale defines a storm as a wind having velocity（速度速度） of between 64 and 75 miles an hour. the Bea

8、ufort scale，蒲福風(fēng)力等級(jí) (英國海軍將領(lǐng)Francis Beaufort1774-1857擬訂,分0-12級(jí)), an international scale of wind force from 0 (calm air) to 12 (hurricane) the Beaufort scale (wind)the Beaufort scale defines wind as: 0 clam breeze 0 1 light breeze （微風(fēng)） 1-3 mph 2 slight breeze （輕風(fēng)） 4-7 3 gentle breeze 8-12 4. moderate b

9、reeze（和風(fēng)） 1318 5. fresh breeze（清風(fēng)，輕勁風(fēng)）1924 the Beaufort scale6 strong breeze （勁風(fēng)） 25-317 moderate gale （疾風(fēng)）32-388 fresh gale （大風(fēng)） 39-469 strong gale (烈風(fēng)) 47-5410 whole gale （狂風(fēng)） 55-6311 storm 64-7512 hurricane over 75Gale (烈風(fēng))- a general term for a very strong wind capable of doing considerable dama

10、ge to property weather forecast The weather forecast says cloudy today, with a strong wind from the northwest, grade five to six on the Beaufort Scale. The lowest temperature during the daytime will be eight degrees centigrade below zero. I. Additional Background Knowledge Hurricane Camillekmi:l :Th

11、e storm lashed Mississippi and Louisiana for two days, Aug. 17-18, in 1969. the death toll was 258. Hurricane Camille in the Gulf of Mexico Hurricane Camille in the Gulf of MexicoStorm pathStorm paththe Map of the USAthe Map of the USAHurricane CamilleFormedAugust 14, 1969 DissipatedAugust 22, 1969

12、Highest winds 1-minute sustained:190 mph (305 km/h) Lowest pressure 905 mbar (hPa); 26.72 inHgFatalities死亡率死亡率259 directDamage$1.42 billion (1969 USD)Areas affectedCuba, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Southern United States, East-Central United States I. Additional Background Knowledge “Hurricane

13、Watch Posted” warned the front page of The Daily Herald on Aug. 16, 1969. That was Saturday. Hurricane Camille struck Sunday night 40 years ago Monday with a vengeance猛烈地 few could fathom. For two decades the Storm King had tossed only mild zingers. When Mondays early-morning light revealed the Cami

14、lle carnage大量絕滅 , the Moonlite was literally gone with the wind. The 225-plus-mph winds pushed a 24-foot storm surge topped by 10-foot wave action.Gulfport Pass Christian帕斯克里斯琴鎮(zhèn) The Pass, is a city in Harrison County, Mississippi, along the Gulf of Mexico. It is part of the GulfportBiloxi, Mississip

15、pi Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 6,579 at the 2000 census.Pass Christian帕斯克里斯琴鎮(zhèn) According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.3 square miles (40 km2), of which 8.4 square miles (22 km2) is land and 6.9 square miles (18 km2) (44.97%) is water. Geogr

16、aphically, the town of Pass Christian is peninsular, with water on three sides: the Gulf of Mexico to the south, the Bay of St. Louis to the west and a long stretch of bayou河口；海灣 to the north. The area north of the bayou, known as DeLisle shares a zip code with and is officially part of Pass Christi

17、an, yet has always had a separate name (formerly Wolf Town or Wolftown for reasons that were obvious at the time).Hurricane Katrina On August 29, 2005, Pass Christian was almost completely destroyed by Hurricane Katrina. Of the approximately 8,000 homes in Pass Christian, all but 500 were damaged or

18、 destroyed. In spite of the fact that the beachfront Scenic Drive follows the crest of a small bluff, affording it some elevation, most of the historic mansions along the road were severely damaged, and many were destroyed. Hurricane Katrina totally destroyed the local public library. It was rebuilt

19、. Thirteen members of the citys police department retreated to the library after the police station became unsafe and water from the Gulf of Mexico began to pour in. Hurricane CamilleHurricane CamilleHurricane Camille Richelieu rilu: Apts. before and after Aug. 17,1969 “臺(tái)風(fēng)臺(tái)風(fēng)”、“颶風(fēng)颶風(fēng)”、“旋風(fēng)旋風(fēng)”這幾種風(fēng)有什么這幾種

20、風(fēng)有什么區(qū)別區(qū)別 颶風(fēng)與臺(tái)風(fēng)只是同一種氣候現(xiàn)象在不同地方的不同稱呼。 熱帶氣旋按其中心附近的風(fēng)速分級(jí)，風(fēng)速在17米/秒以下的熱帶氣旋稱為熱帶低壓，17米/秒33米/秒的稱為熱帶風(fēng)暴。達(dá)到33米/秒（12級(jí)）以上時(shí)，這種天氣現(xiàn)象在不同地區(qū)有不同的名字：太平洋東部和大西洋稱為颶風(fēng)，太平洋西部稱為臺(tái)風(fēng)，印度洋稱為旋風(fēng)。 根據(jù)颶風(fēng)中心每小時(shí)推進(jìn)距離，美國國家颶風(fēng)中心將颶風(fēng)分為五級(jí)：一級(jí)颶風(fēng)119公里153公里；二級(jí)颶風(fēng)154公里177公里；三級(jí)颶風(fēng)178公里209公里；四級(jí)颶風(fēng)210公里249公里；五級(jí)颶風(fēng)249公里以上。 旋風(fēng)旋風(fēng)(Cyclone)是指南太平洋,南大西洋,南印度洋,北印度洋,阿拉伯海

21、一帶中心附近持續(xù)風(fēng)力達(dá)到12級(jí)或12級(jí)以上的熱帶氣旋。II. Introduction to the Passage 1. Main idea 2. Organization： -introduction (para. 1- 6)-development (para. 7- 26)-climax (para. 27)-conclusion (para. 28- 39)II. Introduction to the Passage 3. Theme - man vs nature 4. Type of literature: A piece of narration -character (pr

22、otagonist/antagonist) -action (incidents, events, etc.) -conflicts (suspense, tension) -climax -denouement deinu:m Type of literature (The literary style) A piece of narration is mainly developed in the actual time sequence. The writer tells the readers what happens first , what next. chronological

23、developmentThe Literary termsnarration - story tellingextended narration - (擴(kuò)展式記敘文) novels histories biographies autobiographies traveloguesThe Literary termsThe essentials of narration:1. characters2. plotA good story has a beginning, a middle, an end, even though it may start in the middle or at s

24、ome other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings.The Literary terms Narration is concerned with action. It goes around people called characters in some kind of struggle or conflict against other people, nature, society or themselves. Characters : Protagonist (hero) -against

25、- antagonist (enemy)CharactersA n y enemyother peopleThemselves diseasessocietynatureProtagonist The Literary terms protagonist - leading character antagonist - the people or forces that protagonist fights against suspense - a state of uncertaintyThe Literary terms interposition (介入手法)- a passage wh

26、ich is put between the action The purpose is to add more information to create suspenseThe Literary termsFlashback(倒敘) - interruption of chronological sequence by interjection of event of earlier occurrenceclimax - the most exciting, important interesting part on the story, denouement - the ending o

27、f a story climax falling action denouement rising action conflict beginning suspense ending II. Introduction to the PassageMain idea:Face to Face with Hurricane Camille describes the heroic struggle of the Koshaks and their friends against the forces of a devastating hurricane. II. Introduction to t

28、he Passage3. Organization： -introduction (para 1- 6)-development (para 7 26)-climax (Para. 27)-conclusion (para. 28-39)Detailed Study of Section 1 (para.1-6)Introductory paragraphs 1 - 6 (the setting of the story)- time- place- background - conflict: man versus hurricanes- character: John KoshakDeta

29、iled Study of Section 1 (para1-6)Background knowledge Hurricane Camille Hurricane Camille is said to be the worst storm ever to hit mainland United States. With winds in excess of 200 mph and tides over 20 feet, Hurricane Camille smashed into the Mississippi Gulf Coast on Sunday night, the 17th of A

30、ugust and continued its devastating path until the early hours of Monday, the 18th. The combination of winds, surges, and rainfalls caused 256 deaths (143 on the Gulf Coast and 113 in the Virginia floods) and $1.421 billion in damage. Three deaths were reported in Cuba.Section 1(paras 1 6)hurricane

31、-1. strong tropical storm2. strong fast wind which speeds more than 75 mph3. western Atlantic Ocean4. given a girls name; named alphabetically / ordered according to the initial letterNew words (para. 1) lash to strike with great forceto move quickly, violently or suddenly猛烈沖擊；拍打 The waves lashed th

32、e racks.The rain was lashing against the windows.Para1 and 2 pummel pml to beat suddenly or attack vigorouslyto hit with repeated blows course (n.): a way of behaving；mode of conduct 行為；品行；做法 Para. 3 Demolish: pull downtear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc)，destroy：ruin拉倒；打碎；拆毀；破壞；毀滅 Hurrican

33、e BetsyThe storm lashed Florida, Mississippi and Louisiana in 1965 from Sept. 7-10, causing the death of 74 persons.Para. 3 A good: a general intensive, meaning “ full” 足足足足(程度程度數(shù)量數(shù)量)我們足足等了三個(gè)小時(shí)我們足足等了三個(gè)小時(shí).昨晚昨晚Bill在酒館里喝得爛醉在酒館里喝得爛醉.從這到火車站足足有五個(gè)小時(shí)的車程從這到火車站足足有五個(gè)小時(shí)的車程.他父母親狠狠地揍了他一頓他父母親狠狠地揍了他一頓.We waited for

34、 a good three hours.Bill had a good drink at the pub last night.It is a good five hours to drive to the railway station.His parents gave him a good beating.Para. 4 Gruff: rough or surly in manner or speech；harsh and throaty；hoarse粗暴的，粗魯?shù)?；粗啞的。嘶啞?His gruff manner made me angry. 他粗暴的態(tài)度讓我生氣。He gave me

35、a gruff look. 他態(tài)度生硬地看了我一眼。Para. 4 We can batten down and ride it out. A metaphor; Comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea. batten: to fasten canvas (帆布) over the hatches of a ship, especially in preparing for a storm. (用帆布扣住船上的艙口蓋), ride it out: to stay afloat during a s

36、torm without too much damage.We can make necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.Para. 4batten - a strip of wood used in construction and oft. used in the old days in ship building.The elder Koshak is talking about preparing and securing the house for the storm to come.

37、para. 5 Methodically: Orderly，systematically有秩序地；有條理地 midikli They did not need the urge from adult, they do things methodically.他們不需要大人督促，自己做事井井有條。Para. 6 scud: run or move swiftly；glide or skim along easily 疾行，飛馳；掠過 The speed of these clouds is an indication of the swiftness with which the storm i

38、s approaching.The boat scudded before the strong west wind came. scud missiles飛毛腿導(dǎo)彈 Para. 6 sit out the storm with the Koshaks. a) 坐著看完,待到(散場). I didnt enjoy the play, but we sat it out.The show was so boring that we could hardly sit through the first act. b) 等到結(jié)束,靜等到底.Theyll try to sit out the cris

39、is.Well sit it out to the very end. c) 坐在戶外. The weather is too cold for us to sit out. Its so nice to sit out when the sun is warm in winter.Discussion of paragraphs 1 - 6 Figure put the following points:- time- place- background - conflict: - character:Questions 1) Characters (who are they?): -Pop

40、 Koshak -Grandma Koshak -John Koshak* (protagonist) -Janis Koshak a typical American family -Seven children three generations, friend, neighbors -Charles, a friend and pets -Neighbors -pets QuestionslWhat was John Koshak Jr. s job?lWhy did he decide to stay and face the dangers of a devastating hurr

41、icane?lWhat preparations did they make? lFilled bathtubs and pailsfor water Checked out batteries and flashlightsfor lights Portable radiofor contact of the outside world, for information Fuelfor electric power Generatorfor power Refrigeratorfor foodparagraph 1-6: para.1: Hurricane Camille is coming

42、 soon, how people face with it. para.2: A discussion among the Koshaks and their friend Charles Hill about what they should do.paragraph 1-6: para. 3 and 4: They made up their mind to remain at home because they analyzed the condition of staying at home and compared it with what happened before. Par

43、a. 5: preparation for the Hurricane Para. 6: the action of the family and their friends Detailed Study of Section 2 (para.7-26) In this section the writer describes in details and vividly the incidents showing how the Koshaks and their friends struggled against each onslaught of the hurricane. Focus

44、 of the study: 1) diction: use of one-syllable words descriptions of wind, hurricane ( water, destruction force) house (roof, wall, window, floor, stairs 2) sentence level: use of short and elliptical sentences 3) translation of passive sentences 4) understanding the mind of people at crisis.New wor

45、ds: (para. 7) mattress: a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton，hair，foam rubber，etc床墊；褥子 Pane: a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame；such a sheet of glass窗格；窗格玻璃 generator:發(fā)電機(jī) New words (para. 8) disintegrate: separate into parts or fragmen

46、ts; break up；disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎塊 collapse, crumble. fall apartbreak into many small pieces and is destroyedIs society beginning to ?Since the Soviet Union ed, the cold war came to an end. overwhelmingpara. 8 the French doorsNew words (para. 9) blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(氣流)；一陣(風(fēng)) dou

47、se: (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid；drench; pour liquid over把浸入液體里；使浸透；潑液體在上immerse, soak, submerge, drenchHe doused the clothes in soapy water. Question: Why did Charlie think they were in real trouble when he found the water tasted salty?New words (para. 12-13) scramble (v.): climb，cra

48、wl，or clamber hurriedly爬行；攀(登) shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently，as in horror or extreme disgust震顫，戰(zhàn)栗 New words (para. 14) on the verge of: on the edge of，on the brink of 接近于，瀕臨于 General Motors is on the verge of collapse. 通用汽車正處于崩潰的邊緣。But soon I found it on the verge of bankrupt

49、cy due to a weak management. 但沒多久我就發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于管理不善，工廠已處在破產(chǎn)的邊緣。para 16 18 pop: an informal term for a father; probably derived from baby talk ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty；ferociousness兇猛；兇惡，殘忍；暴行 maroon (av.): leave abandoned，isolated，or helpless使處于孤立無援的處境Questions1. Why did Grandmother Koshak, at

50、this critical moment, tell her husband she loved him? (p.16)2. Why did John Koshak feel a crushing guilt? (p.17)Para. 19 swath (n.): grass or other plants cut by a mower 割草機(jī)割下的草或植物The storm cut a swath through the forest.暴風(fēng)雨把大片的森林夷為平地。 mooring mph - mile per hour r.p.m. revolutions（旋轉(zhuǎn)）per minute （飛輪

51、功率） g.p.m. - gallons per minute（耗油）Para. 19New words (para. 20) spectacular: very impressive, dramatic, breathtaking 壯觀的，引人注目的，激動(dòng)人心The man gave a spectacular display of horse riding.He made a spectacular jump from the burning building.Some films present spectacular scenes like battles, processions,

52、storms, races etc,New words (para. 20) vantage point: a good position from which you can see a lot of things有利位置It wasnt easy to find the perfect vantage point for this photo. 拍攝這張照片，找一個(gè)完美的有利位置不是一件容易的事情。During that time, he took more than 24, 000 digital photos from his one-of-a-kind vantage point i

53、n orbit. 其間，他借助自己獨(dú)一無二的有利位置有利位置，拍攝了超過2.4萬幅關(guān)于地球和太空景象的數(shù)碼照片。para. 20The TV tower will provide a vantage point from which we can have a birds eye view of the city.They fired upon the enemy from behind trees, walls and any other point of vantage they could find.para 19 20 Two paras were put in to provide

54、further official account to show how strong and forceful the hurricane was. They were convincing. These two paragraphs were put in to provide further _ to show how _ the hurricane was. They were more convincing. In these two paragraphs, _, _, and _ (rhetorical devices) are employed.Paras.19-20: Inte

55、rpositionpersonificationsimiletransferred epithetofficial accountstrong and forcefulPara. 21 huddle (v.): crowd，push，or nestle close together, as cows do in a storm(如風(fēng)暴中的牛群)擠成一團(tuán)；擁擠；互相緊貼 Para.21 slash: 1) cut with a sweeping stroke 斬；割裂 2) criticize sb./sth. harshly嚴(yán)厲批評(píng) 3) cut or reduce sth. dramatic

56、ally 減少The government was harshly slashed by the press. implore: to ask or beg earnestly 懇求，哀求，乞 To implore ones forgiveness, mercy, etc.They implored her to stay bar: a measure in music 樂譜中的(一個(gè))小節(jié) trail away/off: (of sbs speech) gradually become quieter and then stop, esp. because of shyness, confu

57、sion, etc.; grow gradually weaker, dimmerPara. 21Para.22 with: as the result of; because of e.g. With the staff greatly reduced, they had to stop work. With the flood water rising rapidly, the residents on the banks of the river were evacuated（撤離）. He was faint with hunger. Questions1. Why did Grand

58、mother Koshak ask the children to sing? (p. 21)2. What did Janis understand when John put his arm around her?(. 23)Para.24 frustrate - cause sb. to have feelings of annoys and disappointment阻礙，喪氣，使無效 If sth. frustrates you, it makes you feel upset and angry because you are unable to deal with the di

59、fficulties and problems it gives you.- Giving a child problems he cant solve will only frustrate him.- He was frustrated by his poverty.- There must be nothing more frustrating than having a job you dont like. para. 24 extinguish (v.): put out (a fire，etc)；quench；smother熄滅(火等)，滅(火)；撲滅 waver v. swing

60、 or sway to and fro；flutter搖擺；搖晃；搖曳 topple (v.): fall top forward；lean forward as if on the point of falling向前倒；搖搖欲墜 para. 24 break apart: break up into piecesdisintegrate裂開，分裂解散 The grounds broke apart in earthquake地面在地震時(shí)裂開了。 break up: to break or make sth break into many small pieces分裂The ice will