壓裂分析與設(shè)計(jì)

1、壓裂分析解釋和設(shè)計(jì)壓裂分析解釋和設(shè)計(jì)匯報(bào)提綱1、三維壓裂設(shè)計(jì)軟件介紹2、實(shí)例分析1.1 Fracpro PT的主要模塊壓裂設(shè)計(jì)模塊壓裂分析模塊產(chǎn)能模塊數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換模塊評(píng)價(jià)最合適的裂縫縫長(zhǎng)，生成設(shè)計(jì)施工泵序一覽表。進(jìn)行測(cè)試壓裂分析和凈壓力擬合，可以確定閉合應(yīng)力，地層參數(shù)，分析近井筒摩阻和多裂縫效應(yīng)。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)模塊中壓裂裂縫擴(kuò)展和支撐劑運(yùn)移模型，模擬支撐劑濃度剖面對(duì)產(chǎn)能的影響1.2 壓裂分析模塊壓裂分析模塊壓裂分析的步驟：凈壓力擬合測(cè)試壓裂分析tubcPnetPPPP液柱摩阻模擬凈壓力是由計(jì)算機(jī)根據(jù)模型計(jì)算得到測(cè)定凈壓力：確定閉合應(yīng)力、瞬間停泵壓力和凈壓力入口摩阻分析確定孔眼摩阻和近井筒摩阻確定砂巖滲透

2、率、多裂縫系數(shù)和造壁系數(shù)1.2 壓裂分析模塊壓裂分析模塊閉合應(yīng)力：地層裂縫閉合時(shí)液體壓力確定閉合壓力方法平方根法G函數(shù)法雙對(duì)數(shù)法理想條件時(shí)，為地層最小水平主應(yīng)力地層復(fù)雜時(shí)，為裂縫高度貫穿地層最小水平主應(yīng)力的平均值凈壓力閉合時(shí)間ISIP（瞬間停泵壓力）井底壓力時(shí)間1.2 壓裂分析模塊壓裂分析模塊Square-root-of-shutdown timeBHPdP/dtPressure, dP/dtFracture closureReference lineSquare-root-of-shutdown timeBHPdP/dtdP/dtPressure, dP/dtFracture closure

3、Reference line平方根法：P = BHP-ISIPLog Scale (P, t*dP,dt)Fracture closuret*dP/dtLog Scale (t = t-t shut-down)-slopeRadial flowlinear flowP = BHP-ISIPLog Scale (P, t*dP,dt)Fracture closuret*dP/dtLog Scale (t = t-t shut-down)-slopeRadial flowlinear flow1-slope雙對(duì)數(shù)法：小型壓裂閉合壓力分析的基礎(chǔ)是裂縫閉合前的流體流動(dòng)為線性流，閉合小型壓裂閉合壓力分析

4、的基礎(chǔ)是裂縫閉合前的流體流動(dòng)為線性流，閉合后為過(guò)度階段后為過(guò)度階段1.2 壓裂分析模塊壓裂分析模塊G函數(shù)法：BHPdP/dGPressure, dP/dG, G*dP/dGFracture closureG*dP/dGReference lineG-functionBHPdP/dGPressure, dP/dG, G*dP/dGFracture closureG*dP/dGReference lineG-function BHPdP/dGPressure, dP/dG, G*dP/dGFracture closureG*dP/dGReference lineG-functionDeviatio

5、n below reference line could indicate height recessionBHPdP/dGPressure, dP/dG, G*dP/dGFracture closureG*dP/dGReference lineG-functionDeviation below reference line could indicate height recession G-functionBHPdP/dGPressure, dP/dG, G*dP/dGFracture closureG*dP/dGReference lineDeviation above reference

6、 line could indicate pressure dependent leakoff/fissure openingG-functionBHPdP/dGPressure, dP/dG, G*dP/dGFracture closureG*dP/dGReference lineDeviation above reference line could indicate pressure dependent leakoff/fissure opening BHPdP/dGPressure, dP/dG, G*dP/dGFracture closureG*dP/dGG-functionRefe

7、rence lineLinear behavior, but intersection above the origin could indicate fracture growth after shut-downBHPdP/dGPressure, dP/dG, G*dP/dGFracture closureG*dP/dGG-functionReference lineLinear behavior, but intersection above the origin could indicate fracture growth after shut-down 1.2 壓裂分析模塊壓裂分析模塊

8、入口摩阻：包括孔眼摩阻和近井筒摩阻理想的裂縫理想的裂縫實(shí)際的裂縫實(shí)際的裂縫理想裂縫實(shí)際裂縫采用降排量分析方法確定采用降排量分析方法確定2.實(shí)例分析實(shí)例分析井筒結(jié)構(gòu)：下入深度內(nèi)徑（cm）外徑（cm）鋼級(jí)套管288015.47917.78N-80油管27654.7077.302N-80射孔深度：27702775 m采用TY102-127，孔徑為1.25 cm，孔密為16 個(gè)/m 2.實(shí)例分析實(shí)例分析儲(chǔ)層物性：儲(chǔ)層深度為27562775 m；測(cè)井滲透率為1 md；孔隙度為10%；含油飽和度為70%；孔隙壓力：27.29 MPa流體壓縮系數(shù)：0.0366 1/MPa粘度：0.03 mpas楊氏模量：2

9、0000 MPa泊松比：砂0.2，泥0.25壓裂液和支撐劑：壓裂液為0.45%的胍膠支撐劑為20-40目的陶粒實(shí)例分析實(shí)例分析清水壓裂清水壓裂時(shí)間 (min)Measd Btmh (MPa)Dead String Press (MPa)Slurry Flow Rate (m3/min) 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 0.0 50.00 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 0.0 50.00 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 0.0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.00井底 ISIP: 40.71 MPaI

10、SIP 梯度: 0.0147 MPa/m地面 ISIP: 13.38 MPa停泵時(shí)間: 15.7 min井底瞬間停泵壓力40.71 MPa時(shí)間 (min)Measd Btmh (MPa) 33.41 34.17 34.93 35.69 36.46 37.22 54.3 58.5 62.6 66.8 71.0 75.2井底閉合應(yīng)力: 35.72 MPa閉合應(yīng)力梯度: 0.0129 MPa/m地面閉合應(yīng)力: 8.69 MPa閉合時(shí)間: 61.0 min泵注時(shí)間: 14.6 min隱含的攜砂液效率: 65.3 %凈壓力估算值: 4.99 MPa井底閉合壓力35.72 MPa，閉合應(yīng)力梯度0.0129

11、 MPa/m，閉合時(shí)間61 min，凈壓力4.99 MPa測(cè)試壓裂分析實(shí)例分析實(shí)例分析清水壓裂清水壓裂G函數(shù)時(shí)間Measd Btmh (MPa)(G d/dG) Dead String Press (MPa) 0.000 1.020 2.040 3.060 4.080 5.100 0.0 30.00 60.00 90.00 120.0 150.0 0.0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.00井底閉合應(yīng)力: 35.71 MPa閉合應(yīng)力梯度: 0.0129 MPa/m地面閉合應(yīng)力: 8.68 MPa閉合時(shí)間: 60.5 min泵注時(shí)間: 14.6 min隱含的攜砂液效率: 6

12、5.2 %凈壓力估算值: 5.00 MPa井底閉合應(yīng)力35.71 MPa，閉合應(yīng)力梯度0.0129 MPa/m,閉合時(shí)間60.52 min，凈壓力5 MPa井底閉合應(yīng)力35.71 MPa，閉合應(yīng)力梯度0.0129 MPa/m兩種方法平均值：測(cè)試壓裂分析實(shí)例分析實(shí)例分析清水壓裂清水壓裂時(shí)間 (min)Btm Slry Rate (m3/min)Measd Btmh (MPa) 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 0.0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.00 40.00 42.00 44.00 46.00 48.00 50.00入口摩阻分析

13、孔眼摩阻1.11 MPa近井筒摩阻0.64 MPa結(jié)論：以孔眼摩阻為主時(shí)間 (min)Net Pressure (MPa)Slurry Rate (m3/min)Prop Conc (kg/m3)Observed Net (MPa) 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 0.0 4.000 8.000 12.00 16.00 20.00 0.0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.00 0.0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.00 0.0 4.000 8.000 12.00 16.00 20.00入口摩阻分析凈壓力擬合砂巖滲透率0.

14、022 md實(shí)例分析實(shí)例分析胍膠壓裂胍膠壓裂時(shí)間 (min)Btm Slry Rate (m3/min)Measd Btmh (MPa) 10.00 10.80 11.60 12.40 13.20 14.00 0.0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.00 40.00 42.00 44.00 46.00 48.00 50.00入口摩阻分析孔眼摩阻0.56 MPa近井筒摩阻0.46 MPa凈壓力擬合時(shí)間 (min)Net Pressure (MPa)Slurry Rate (m3/min)Prop Conc (kg/m3)Observed Net (MPa) 0.00 12.

15、00 24.00 36.00 48.00 60.00 0.0 4.000 8.000 12.00 16.00 20.00 0.0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.00 0.0 86.00 172.0 258.0 344.0 430.0 0.0 4.000 8.000 12.00 16.00 20.00胍膠造壁系數(shù)910-5 m/min0.5，泥巖閉合應(yīng)力梯度0.016 MPa/m結(jié)論：與清水壓裂相比孔眼摩阻降低實(shí)例分析實(shí)例分析主壓裂主壓裂時(shí)間 (min)Net Pressure (MPa)Slurry Rate (m3/min)Prop Conc (kg/m3)Obser

16、ved Net (MPa) 0.00 16.00 32.00 48.00 64.00 80.00 0.0 4.000 8.000 12.00 16.00 20.00 0.0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.00 0.0 240.0 480.0 720.0 960.0 1200 0.0 4.000 8.000 12.00 16.00 20.00時(shí)間體積因子 開(kāi)縫因子濾失因子011117111401.51.51.567333凈壓力擬合多裂縫效應(yīng)結(jié)論：隨著加砂液的泵入，有更多的裂縫張開(kāi)實(shí)例壓裂設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例壓裂設(shè)計(jì)長(zhǎng)度（米）加砂量（噸）產(chǎn)量（萬(wàn)方）506.8330.3102.317.

17、7423.8150.936.3508.8207.661.8561251.199.1583.3優(yōu)化縫長(zhǎng)：結(jié)論：縫長(zhǎng)150 m為最優(yōu)時(shí)間 (day)支撐縫長(zhǎng) = 157 m : 累計(jì)產(chǎn)油/氣量 (Msm3)支撐縫長(zhǎng) = 78 m : 累計(jì)產(chǎn)油/氣量 (Msm3)支撐縫長(zhǎng) = 235 m : 累計(jì)產(chǎn)油/氣量 (Msm3)支撐縫長(zhǎng) = 314 m : 累計(jì)產(chǎn)油/氣量 (Msm3) 0.0 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0 150.0 0.0 1300 2600 3900 5200 6500 0.0 1300 2600 3900 5200 6500 0.0 1300 2600 3900 5200

18、 6500 0.0 1300 2600 3900 5200 6500實(shí)例壓裂設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例壓裂設(shè)計(jì)泵注階段類型排量支撐劑濃度凈液體積泵注階段時(shí)間累計(jì)時(shí)間液體類型支撐劑類型(m3/min)(kg/m3)(m3)(min)(min:sec)主壓裂的前置液3018.9276.31 6:18 HPG-1主壓裂的攜砂液3603.7851.28 7:35 HPG-1陶粒20/40主壓裂的攜砂液31207.5712.61 10:12 HPG-1陶粒20/40主壓裂的攜砂液318011.3563.99 14:11 HPG-1陶粒20/40主壓裂的攜砂液324018.9276.76 20:56 HPG-1陶粒20/40主壓裂的攜砂液330030.28310.99 31:56 HPG-1陶粒20/40主壓裂的攜砂液335945.42516.75 48:41 HPG-1陶粒20/40主壓裂的攜砂液341964.35224.11 72:48 HPG-1陶粒20/40主壓裂的頂替304.9051.63 74:26 HPG-1泵序一覽表實(shí)例壓裂設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)例壓裂設(shè)計(jì)前置液百分比8.7%凈液體積（主壓裂液）205.53 m3支撐劑總量60.1 t前置液體積18.93 m3砂液總體積22