江蘇省2019高考英語(yǔ)第二部分語(yǔ)法核心突破第九課時(shí)并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)(含解析)

1、第九課時(shí) 并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句李仕才感 悟 高 考1._ Locatedthe Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Beltand Road co nstructio n.（2017江蘇卷）A.whyB.whenC.whichD.where答案D be located in地點(diǎn)名詞， 意為“位于/坐落于某地”，where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 從句在此相當(dāng)于in someplace，故選D。句意：位于一帶一路”交匯處的江蘇省將會(huì)對(duì) “一帶一路”的建設(shè)做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)。2.If you dont understand somethi

2、ng, you may research, study, and talk to otherpeople_ you figure it out.（2017北京卷）A.becauseB.thoughC.untilD.since答案C because因?yàn)?；though盡管；until直到；since自從。句意：如果你無法理解 某個(gè)東西， 你可能會(huì)去研究， 學(xué)習(xí)， 和他人探討直到你解決為止， 根據(jù)句意可知選用until， 直到，選C。3. _ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for otherpurpos

3、es.（2017北京卷）A.OnceB.IfC.AlthoughD.Because答案C Once一旦；If如果；Although盡管；Because因?yàn)?。句意：盡管鳥兒們用羽毛 來飛翔， 但是他們的一些羽毛還有其他用途。 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知前后之間是讓步關(guān)系， 故選C。4.Peter, please send us postcards _ well know where you have visited.No problem.（2017北京卷）A.butB.orC.forD.so2答案D but但是；or或者；for因?yàn)?；so因此。句意：Peter，請(qǐng)給我們寄明信片，因3此我們就會(huì)知道你們?nèi)ツ挠斡[

4、過。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，故選5._on li ne shopp ing has cha nged our lifepositive.（2016浙江卷）A.Si neeD.Un less句意：盡管網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物已經(jīng)改變了我們的生活，但是不是所有的影響都是積極的。si nee既然，自從；after在.之后;in creases,there are more and more oldB.U ntilD.While越來越多的老年人需要照顧。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可Co 一、并列句的4種類型1.表并列、遞進(jìn)或順承關(guān)系：and,both.and.,neither.nor.,notonly.butalso.N

5、ot only did he speak more correctlybut （also ） he spoke more easily.他不僅說得更正確了，而且說起來也更容易了。2.表轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比關(guān)系：but,yet,whileThe win ter in Beiji ng is very coldwhile that of Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷，然而昆明的冬天卻很暖和。3.表選擇關(guān)系：or,otherwise,or else,either.or.,not.but.Now you can either have a rest or you can go to the c

6、inema.現(xiàn)在你可以休息，也可以去看電影。D。,not all of its effects have beenB.AfterC.While答案Cwhile引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管，雖然”；unless除非。故選Co 6._ the average age of the populationpeople to care for.（2016天津卷）A.Un lessC.As答案C 句意：隨著人口平均年齡的增加，知，空處在此引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“隨著，故選要點(diǎn)精析Nd并列句44.表因果關(guān)系：so,for （表“由于”，一般不放在句首）He must have been caught in th

7、e rain,for he is wet all over.他肯定被雨淋了，因?yàn)樗麥喩矶紳窳?。二、并列句?大句式1. whe n就在這時(shí)，突然”，常用于以下句式：(1) sb be about to do/on the poi nt of doi ng sth whe n.某人正要做某事，突然.(2) sb be doi ng sth whe n.某人正在做某事，突然.(3) sb had do ne sth whe n.某人剛做完某事，突然.One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter hea

8、rd cries for help.當(dāng)我們周五在收拾行李要去度周末時(shí)，我的女兒突然聽到了呼救聲。He was about to jump into the river whe n the guide stopped him.他正要向河里跳，這時(shí)導(dǎo)游攔住了他。2. and與or/otherwise用于并列句(1)祈使句+and+陳述句(and表示順承關(guān)系)祈使句+or/otherwise+陳述句(or/otherwise表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系)Work hard and you will succeed.努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)成功。Hurry up,or/otherwise you will be late f

9、or class.快點(diǎn)兒，否則你們上課就遲到了。M2狀語(yǔ)從句一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1. when, while和as的用法連詞含義及用法例句whe n“當(dāng)時(shí)候”，可與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或 短暫性動(dòng)詞連用；從句動(dòng)作可以發(fā)生 在主句動(dòng)作之前、之后或與主句動(dòng)作 同時(shí)發(fā)生Whenyou apply for a job, you must prese ntyour crede ntials.當(dāng)你申請(qǐng)工作時(shí)，你必須遞交你的有關(guān) 證書。5while“當(dāng)時(shí)候”，一般只可與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，從句動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生Mary made coffee while her guests werefinishing their me

10、al.客人們就要吃完的時(shí)候，瑪麗去煮咖啡了。“一邊一邊”， 常與延續(xù)性As he grew older, he became lessas動(dòng)詞連用，從句動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)active.或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生隨著他逐漸長(zhǎng)大，他變得不那么活潑了。名師點(diǎn)津如果主句表示的是短暫性動(dòng)作，而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在一段時(shí)間 內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when, while與as可互換使用。When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend.我正沿著大街走時(shí)，碰巧遇到了我的一個(gè)老朋友。2. before與si nee的用法

11、（before表示在. 之前；還未.就.；還沒來得及.就. 。常用于以下句型：It will be+段時(shí)間+before.多久之后才.It wont be long before.不久之后就.It was+段時(shí)間+before.過了多久才.John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.約翰認(rèn)為不久他就能為他的新工作做好準(zhǔn)備。（2）si nee的用法?since表示“自從”，其引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)；從句常用一般過去時(shí)。I have returned home twice sin

12、ce I settled down in the States.自從我定居美國(guó)后，我回過兩次家。They have been living very happilysince they got married.自從結(jié)婚后他們一直生活得很幸福。6?since后面所用動(dòng)詞不同，該動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)時(shí)間的計(jì)算方法也不同。since+瞬間動(dòng)詞過去式（從該動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)算起）since+持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞過去式（從動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)算起）He has written to me frequentlysince he was ill.自從病好以來，他經(jīng)常給我來信。He has written to me freque ntl

13、ysi nee he went abroad.他自出國(guó)以來，經(jīng)常給我寫信。?since表示自從 以來”，常用于“It is/has been+時(shí)間段+since從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。該 句型表示“自從開始(不做)已經(jīng)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”， 一般從句的時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。As is reported，it has been/is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.據(jù)報(bào)道，清華大學(xué)已經(jīng)建立了100多年了。3. till, until和not.until.的用法(1) until或till表示“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到

14、某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”， 此時(shí)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主、從句都為肯定式。這兩個(gè)詞可以換用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。Have you heard the meeting will be put offtill/until next Tuesday?這個(gè)會(huì)議將被推遲到下周二，你有沒有聽說？(2) not. un til.表示“直到. 才”，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。As far as I know, his motherwontgo to bed until he returns home every evening.據(jù)我所知，他母親每晚直到他回家才會(huì)上床睡覺。4.表示 “

15、一 就， 剛 就” 的常用表達(dá)(1)表示“一就”的表達(dá)as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant，the secondThe moment I heard the voice，I knew Father was coming.我一聽到那個(gè)聲音就知道父親來了。(2)表示“剛就”的表達(dá)no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when.的 時(shí) 態(tài) 搭 配 ：no sooner與7hardly/scarcely后的句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)，而than與whe

16、n引導(dǎo)的句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。此外，當(dāng)把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首時(shí)，應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序。He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.TNo sooner had he finished his speechthan the students started cheering.他剛完成演講學(xué)生們就開始?xì)g呼起來。二、條件狀語(yǔ)從句1.條件狀語(yǔ)從句的常見引導(dǎo)詞if, uni ess （=if.no t）, so/as long as （只要）,on con diti o

17、nthat （條件是）,if only如果), in case (萬一，如果), suppose/supposing that (假設(shè)， 如果),assuming that等均可引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。1We will have a pic nic in the park this Sun day uni ess it rains or its very cold.除非下雨或天很冷，否則我們將在本周日去公園野餐。2My parents dont mind what job I doas long as I am happy.我的父母不在意我從事什么工作，只要我高興就好。2.條件狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)在條件狀

18、語(yǔ)從句中， 常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來含義； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表即將完成之后的情況； 一般 過去時(shí)表過去將來的含義。If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.如果大家都盡責(zé)，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目肯定會(huì)成功。三、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1. although, though, while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important, its never a good ideato exercise too close to bedtime.盡管有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重

19、要，但臨睡前鍛煉不是個(gè)好主意。2. as, though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句需用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。Hot as/though the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.在長(zhǎng)途跋涉之后，盡管夜晚的空氣很熱，我們還是因?yàn)槔鬯煤苁臁?.疑問詞+- ever”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為無論. ”。(=if), provided that (8However hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down

20、 the amount you eat.不管你多么努力，如果不減少飯量，減肥很難。4. whether.or.引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為不論.還是. ”，表示正反兩種情況都不會(huì)影響主句的意向或結(jié)果。Well go on with the work,whether we can find the necessary toolsor we cannot.不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這項(xiàng)工作做下去。四、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句表示地點(diǎn)、方位，通常由where, wherever引導(dǎo)，可置于句首、句中或句尾。9I cannot hear the professor clearly as th

21、ere is too much noise因?yàn)槲易牡胤皆胍籼?，所以聽不清教授在說什么。名師點(diǎn)津 where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別： 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別在于從句在句中所作的成分，如果作狀語(yǔ)，則是狀語(yǔ)從句； 如果作定語(yǔ)，則是定語(yǔ)從句。The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother. （狀語(yǔ)從句，其中remain為不及物動(dòng)詞）TThe li ttle girl who got lost decided to rema in in the place wher

22、e she was and wait for her mother. （定語(yǔ)從句）那個(gè)迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她的母親。五、原因狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句可由because, as, since, now that, in that, considering （that）等詞引導(dǎo)。1. because譯作“因?yàn)椤?，表示直接原因，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，能回答由why提出的問句。The old man asked Lucy to move to another chairbecause he wanted to sit next tohis wife.那位老人讓露西換坐到另一把椅子上，因?yàn)樗氚ぶ拮幼?. a

23、s譯作“由于”，語(yǔ)氣較輕，常表示顯而易見的原因；since （既然）, now that （既然）,in that （因?yàn)椋硎倦p方都知道的原因，語(yǔ)氣較弱。as, since和now that引導(dǎo)的從句多位于主句之前。Now that you have got a job, you should learn to be independent of your parents.既然你找到了一份工作，你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立不依靠父母。六、方式狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有as, as if, as though等。方式狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引導(dǎo)的從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣

24、， 但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實(shí)現(xiàn)， 也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。The house was greatly damaged by the truck.Wed better leave thingsas they areuntil the police arrive.卡車對(duì)這座房子造成了嚴(yán)重的損壞。我們最好保持原樣直到警察到來。where I am sitting.as it was.10The construction industry is no longer as depressed建筑業(yè)不再像以往那樣蕭條了。The old lady treats the boyas if he were he

25、r own son.這位老太太對(duì)待這個(gè)男孩就像他是她自己的兒子似的。七、 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句1.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：so.that., such.that.。在非正式語(yǔ)體中，由so.that., such.that.引導(dǎo)的句子中的that可以省略，注意其結(jié)構(gòu)形式：so+形容詞/副詞+that從句(1)so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句so+many/much/few/little(少)+名詞+that從句such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句(2)such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句He is such a learned persont

26、hat we admire him very much.THe is so learned a personthat we admire him very much.他如此有學(xué)問，以至于我們非常贊賞他。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天氣如此晴朗，以至于我們都想去公園。He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他掙這么少的錢，以至于養(yǎng)不起家。2.當(dāng)so或such所在的主句主語(yǔ)與結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)， 還可簡(jiǎn)化為：so/suc

27、h.asto.。He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.THe was so clever astudentas to be able to work out all the difficult problems.他是一名如此聰明的學(xué)生，以至于他能夠解決所有難題。八、 目的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that),lest等。1.in order that和so th

28、at引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句11兩個(gè)連詞都意為“以便；為了”，它們引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Whe n he goes out, he ofte n wears sun glassesso that/i n order thatn obody/no one12can recognize him.他出門的時(shí)候常戴著墨鏡，以便沒人能認(rèn)出他。2.for fear that, in case (that)和lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，for fear that表示“害怕，擔(dān)心某事會(huì)發(fā)生”；in case (that)/lest表示“以防出現(xiàn)某種情況”。The boy hid himse

29、lf behind the treein case/for fear thathis father should seehim.那個(gè)男孩藏在樹后面，以防他父親看到他。Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.帶上雨衣以防下雨。解題策略1.句意翻譯法對(duì)于狀語(yǔ)從句的解答來說， 最重要的一點(diǎn)是能夠正確地翻譯句子的意思， 這樣就能夠判斷出 該從句是狀語(yǔ)從句中的哪一種，選擇也就很容易了。(1)_ they decide which college toadmission procedures.A.AsC.Until答案D 句意：一旦學(xué)生們決定了要上哪所

30、大學(xué)，了。as當(dāng).時(shí)，由于”；while當(dāng).時(shí)，根據(jù)句意選擇D項(xiàng)。(2)Our holiday cost a lot of money.Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _A.as long asC.as soon as答案A 句意：“我們這次度假花了很多錢?！薄笆菃?？哦，沒關(guān)系，只要你們玩得高興就行?！盿s long as只要”；uni ess除非 ”；as soon as一.就.”；though“盡管；雖然”。2.分清句子類型法 對(duì)于有些試題來說，掌握和分清一些固定的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是很重要的。 同時(shí)也要注意該從句與別的一些從句的區(qū)別，如地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)果

31、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句等。go to, students should research theB.WhileD.Once他們就應(yīng)該研究申請(qǐng)此大學(xué)的入學(xué)程序盡管”；until“直到”；once“一旦”。you enjoyed yourselves.B.unless13(1)John thinks it wont be long _ he is ready for his new job.A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.since答案C 所填詞引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，構(gòu)成It (will) be時(shí)間段狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是：過多久才將，故選G (2)Youd better not leave the

32、medicine _ kids can get it.A.even if B.whichC.whereD.so that答案C 句意： 你最好不要把藥放在孩子們能夠得著的地方。 本題考查where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn) 狀語(yǔ)從句。本句相當(dāng)于：Youd better not leave the medicine in the place where kids can get it.針 對(duì) 訓(xùn) 練1.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then， _hes in hisnineties.（2016北京卷）A.as long asB.as ifC.even tho

33、ughD.in case答案C 句意：盡管我祖父已經(jīng)九十多歲了，但他仍不時(shí)打網(wǎng)球。由句意可知，本句的前后兩部分之間為讓步關(guān)系，故選C。2.1 really enjoy listening to music _ it helps me relax and takes my mindaway from other cares of the day.（2016北京卷）A.becauseB.beforeC.unlessD.until答案A 句意：我真的很喜歡聽音樂， 因?yàn)樗兄谖曳潘桑?讓我忘記一天中的其他憂慮。 根據(jù)句意可知，句子前后為因果關(guān)系，故選A。3.1am not afraid of to

34、morrow， _I have seen yesterday and I lovetoday.（2016北京卷）A.soB.andC.forD.but答案C 句意：我并不害怕明天。 因?yàn)槲乙岩娮C了昨天并熱愛今天。 根據(jù)句意可知， 句子14前后為因果關(guān)系，故選C。4._scientists have learned a lot about the universe，there is much we stilldont know.（2015安徽卷）A.OnceB.SinceC.ThoughD.Unless答案C 句意：盡管科學(xué)家們對(duì)宇宙已經(jīng)了解甚多， 但仍有許多我們還不知道的東西。once一旦；s

35、ince自從.以來；though盡管；unless除非。該題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故選C;而A、D常引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；B常用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間或原因狀語(yǔ)從句。5. We n eed to get to the root of the problem_we can solve it.（2015天津卷）A.whileB.afterC.beforeD.as答案C 句意：我們?cè)诮鉀Q問題之前需要找到其根源。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可知，“找到問題的 根源”在“解決問題”之前發(fā)生。before在 之前，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，符合題意。6. _ the students came from different countries，th

36、ey got along quite wellin the summer camp.（2015福建卷）A.WhileB.UnlessC.Since答案A 句意：盡管那些學(xué)生來自不同的國(guó)家，但是他們?cè)谙牧顮I(yíng)相處得很好。此處用while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“雖然，盡管”。D.Until157.He is a shy man,he is not afraid of anything or anyone.（2015北京卷）A.soB.butC.orD.as答案B 句意：他是一個(gè)很害羞的人，但是他不害怕任何事和人。由句意可知前后兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but，選B。8.the damage is done, it will take many yearsfor the farmland torecover.（2015北京卷）A.UntilB.UnlessC.OnceD.Although答案C 句意：一旦造成損害，要花費(fèi)許多年的時(shí)間耕地才能恢復(fù)。until直