2012湖北卷高考英語(yǔ)試題及答案解析

1、2012年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（湖北卷）英語(yǔ)本試題卷共16頁(yè)，81題。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。?？荚図樌⒁馐马?xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。用統(tǒng)一提供的2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷類型A后的方框涂黑。2. 選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用統(tǒng)一提供的2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。答在試題卷、草稿紙上無(wú)效。3. 完成句子和短文寫作題的作答：用統(tǒng)一提供的簽字筆將答案直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。答在試題卷、草稿紙上無(wú)效。4. 考生必須保

2、持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案劃在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15 B. £ 9.15 C. £ 9.18答案：B1. What is the

3、 problem for the man?A. He has to meet many people.B. He has to leave his friends.C. He has to travel a lot.2. How does the man think of the book?A. Humorous. B. Scientific. C. Popular.3. Whats the matter with the woman?A. She has caught a bad cold.B. She stayed online too long.C. She is allergic to

4、 paint smell.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Consult a repair shop. B. Purchase another car.C. Fix the car herself.5. In which year is the man in collegenow?A. The first year.B. The second year.C. The third year.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并

5、標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6. What has the woman ordered for herself?A. Milk.B. Juice.C. Coffee. 7. Why does the man recommend strawberry juice?A. Its sweeter.B. Its fresher.C. Its colder.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8. Why is Jane upset?A. Davidfell in lov

6、e with her.B. Kevin made up stories about her.C. She made a mistake in calculation.9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Father and daughter.C. Employer and employee.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10. How far away is Hill Farm? A. Nearly a mile.B. Just one mile.C. Mor

7、e than a mile.11. Which is the route to Hill Farm?A. Left trackbridgeroad.B. Roadleft trackbridge.C. Bridgeroadleft track.12. What would the man like the woman to do towards the end of the conversation?A. Give him a ride.B. Repeat what she said.C. Walk him to Hill Farm.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13. What is t

8、he woman doing? A. Hosting a TV show.B. Giving a lecture on poetry.C. Conducting a radio debate.14.How did the mans mother contribute to his success in poetry?A. She sent him to poetry classes.B. She taught him to write business plans.C. She asked him to read from early childhood. 15. What does the

9、man find most difficult in writing? A. Choosing the right words. B. Describing real experiences. C. Getting an appropriate opportunity.16. What does the man say about his own writing? A. Creative.B. Successful. C. Encouraging.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17. How do students enter the library?A. With a library

10、account. B. With a student card.C. With a password.18. What is the maximum number of books current students can borrow?A. 12.B. 11.C. 9.19. What kind of books have to be returned within one week?A. Books borrowed by local residents. B. Books liked by a lot of people.C. Books published recently.20. W

11、hat will the speaker do next?A. Tell the students where to get bottled water.B. Take the students on a campus tour.C. Show the students around the library.第二部分：詞匯知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分) 第一節(jié)：多項(xiàng)選擇（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：To make members of a team perform better, the traine

12、r first of all has to know their _ and weaknessesA. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values答案：A21. Two lawyershave donated $50,000 to _ our schools campaign “Help the Needy”,which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.A. sponsorB. launchC. organize D. plan22. Finally, my thanks

13、go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and _ every page of my draft.A. approvedB. quotedC. polishedD. folded23. Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage.A. hold upB. keep up C. set upD. take up24. Im so glad youve come here to _ this matter

14、in person.tick to /look fore to _neutralA.lead toB. see to C. turn toD. refer to25. The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _ in the garden of a traditional home.A. out of questionB. out of orderC. out of sightD. out of place26. “Perha

15、ps we need to send for Dr. Smith to seewhat we can do about it,” Father suggested _ to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem. A. tentativelyB. thoughtlesslyC.definitelyD. rudely27. Can you tell the _ difference between the words “require” and “request”? I sometimes get puzzledbytheir mean

16、ings. A. dramaticB. regionalC. apparentD. subtle28. Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained _; people are still looking for other possible solutions.A. unchallengedB. relevantC. controversial D.contradictory29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to che

17、ck for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _.A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow30.The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa.A. patternB. procedureC. programD. perspective第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白

18、處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。I tend to accept any idea put forward by expertson TV. One day, a sociologist proposed that the 31 society has been consuming modern humans little by little. For fear thatI would become a victim of the consumer society, I 32 hurried to a bicycle shop in my neighborhood. 33 the sho

19、pkeeper Mr. Johnson was selling me the bicycle, he said, “This is the best thing you 34 have done. Life has become hopelessly 35 . A bicycle is simple, and it brings to you 36 things: fresh air, sunshine and exercise.”I agreed. Happy as a child, I got on the bicycle and headed out onto the streets.

20、After some time, I 37 at the other end of the town. I was 38 that this simple vehicle could let me 39 long distances in a fairly short time.But how 40 did I really go?Since I hated to be 41 , I went back to Mr. Johnson and asked him to 42 an odometer (里程表) on my bicycle. He agreed, but 43 , “An odom

21、eter without a speedometer (速度計(jì)) is like a 44 without a knife.”I admitted he was right and in a few minutes, the two devices (裝置) were 45 to the handlebars of my bicycle.“What about a horn?” he then asked. “Look, this horn is no larger than a matchbox and has many 46 .” Attracted by these functions,

22、 I bought the horn.“You cant leave the back part 47 ,” noted Mr. Johnson. He fixed a metal box with buttons 48 the seat, and said, “Is there anything better than this oven when you feel 49 on your way? I can give you a special discount.”I was not strong enough to 50 the offer.“I congratulate you onc

23、e more; this is the best thing you could have done,” said Mr. Johnson in the end.31.A. adultB. humanC. consumer D. bachelor 32.A. eventuallyB. immediatelyC. reluctantlyD. gratefully33.A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. AsD. Unless34.A. wouldB. shouldC. mustD. could35.A. boringB. complicatedC. stressfulD. tough

24、36.A. naturalB. mysteriousC. complexD. unique 37.A. gave upB. broke downC. calmed downD. ended up38.A. amazedB. amusedC. confusedD. concerned39.A. marchB. driveC. coverD. measure40.A. farB. longC. fast D. deep41.A. unreliableB. impracticalC. unprepared D. inaccurate42.A. fixB. checkC. repair D. lay4

25、3.A. sworeB. addedC. replied D. concluded44.A. pencilB. forkC. box D. cake45.A. distributedB. convertedC. applied D. attached46.A. shapesB. sizesC. functionsD. models47.A. looseB. blankC. bareD. incomplete48.A. besideB. beforeC. below D. behind49.A. sickB. hungryC. hot D. thirsty50.A. considerB. wit

26、hdrawC. make D. resist 第三部分：閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下列短文，從每篇短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AYouve just come home, after living abroad for a few years. Since youve beenaway, has this country changed for the betteror forthe worse?If youve just arrived back in the UK after a fortnights holi

27、day, small changes have probably surprised youanything from a local greengrocer suddenly being replaced by a mobile-phone shop to someone in your street moving house.So how have things changed to people coming back to Britain after seven, ten or even 15 years living abroad? What changes in society c

28、an they see that the rest of us have hardly noticedor now take for granted? To find out, we asked somepeople who recently returned.Debi: When we left, Cheltenham, my home town, was a town of white, middle-class familiesall very conservative (保守的). The town is now home to many eastern Europeans and l

29、ots of Australians, who come here mainly to work in hotels and tourism.There are even several shops only for foreigners.Having been an immigrant (移民) myself, I admire people who go overseas to find a job. Maybe if I lived in an inner city where unemployment was high, Id think differently, but I beli

30、eve foreign settlers have improved this country because theyre more open-minded and often work harderthan the natives.Christine: As we flew home over Britain, both of us remarked how green everything looked. But the differences between the place wed left behind and the one we returned to were brough

31、t sharply into focus as soon as we landed.To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frighteningin Cyprus, theyre very relaxedand I got pulled over by customs officers just for taking a woolen sweater with some metal-made buttons out of my case in the arrivals hall. Everyone se

32、emed to be on guard. Even the airport car-hire firm wanted a credit card rather than cash because they said their vehicles had been used by bank robbers.But anyway, this is still a green, beautiful country. I just wish more people would appreciate what theyve got.51. After a short overseas holiday,

33、people tend to _.A. notice small changesB. expect small changes C. welcome small changes D. exaggerate small changes52. How does Debi look at the foreign settlers?A. Cautiously.B. Positively.C. Sceptically.D. Critically.53. When arriving at the airport in Britain, Christine was shocked by _.A. the r

34、elaxed policemenB. the messy arrivals hallC. the tight securityD. the bank robbers54. Which might be the best title for the passage?A. Life in Britain. B. Back in Britain.C. Britain in Future. D. Britain in Memory.BWhen my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on Transportation Days. It goe

35、s like this: You cant take any means of transportation more than once. We would start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. Wed take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic distric

36、t, but we didnt like the way the horses were treated, so we never did.At the end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where Moms friend was waiting to give us a ride homeour first car ride of the day.The good thingabout Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get

37、around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidencethe product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels. Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the tr

38、ain and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolboxand often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.On Transportation Days, we might stop f

39、or lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise haveparalyzedmy first attempts to do it myself: How

40、do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track, what line, which direction, wheres the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?Im writing this right now on an airplane, ameans we didnt try on our Transport

41、ation Days and, we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight routed me through Philadelphia. My multimodal mom met me for dinner in the airport. She took a train to meet me.55. Which was forbidden by Mom on Transportation Days? A. Having a car ride. B. Taking the train twice.C

42、. Buying more than one toy.D. Touring the historic district.56. According to the writer, what was the greatest benefit of her Transportation Days?A. Building confidence in herself.B. Reducing her use of private cars.C. Developing her sense of direction. D. Giving her knowledge about vehicles.57. The

43、 underlined word “paralyzed” (in Para. 5) is closest in meaning to “_”.A. displayedB. justifiedC. ignoredD. ruined58. Which means of transportation does the writer probably disapprove of?A. Airplane.B. Subway. C. Tram.D. Car.CIt was a simple letter asking for a place to study at Scotlands oldest uni

44、versity which helped start a revolution in higher education.A 140-year-old letter written by a lady calling for her to be allowed to study medicine at St AndrewsUniversity has been discovered by researchers.Written by Sophia Jex-Blake in 1873, the seven-page document, which urged the university to a

45、llow women to study medicine at the institution, was released yesterday on International Womens Day.The document was discovered buried in the university archives (檔案) by part-time history student Lis Smith, who is completing her PhD at St Andrews Institute of Scottish Historical Research.She said: “

46、We knew that Sophia Jex-Blake and her supporters, in their effort to open up university medical education for women, had written to the Senatus Academicus (校評(píng)議委員會(huì)) at St Andrews in an attempt to gain permission to attend classes there, but we didnt know documentary evidence existed.While searching t

47、he archives for information about the universitys higher certificate for women, I was astonished to come across what must be the very letter Jex-Blake wrote.”In the letter, Sophia and her supporters offered to hire teachers or build suitable buildings for a medical school and to arrange for lectures

48、 to be delivered in the subjects not already covered at St Andrews.Although her letter was not successful, it eventually led to the establishment of the Ladies Literatein Arts at St Andrews, a distance-learning degree for women.The qualification, which ran from 1877 until the 1930s, gave women acces

49、s to university education in the days before they were admitted as students.It was so popular that it survived long after women were admitted as full students to St Andrews in 1892.Ms Jex-Blake went on to help establish the London School of Medicine for Women in 1874.She was accepted by the Universi

50、ty of Berne, where she was awarded a medical degree in January 1877.Eventually, she moved back to Edinburgh and opened her own practice.59. Sophia wrote a letter to St AndrewsUniversity because she wanted _.A. to carry out a research project there B. to set up a medical institute thereC. to study me

51、dicine there D. to deliver lectures there60. Lis Smith found Sophias letter to St AndrewsUniversity _.A. by pure chanceB. in the school officeC. with her supporters helpD. while reading history books61. Sophias letter resulted in the establishment of _.A. the LondonSchool of Medicine for WomenB. a d

52、egree programme for womenC. a system of medical educationD. the University of Berne62. When did St AndrewsUniversity begin to take full-time women students?A. In 1873.B. In 1874.C. In 1877.D. In 1892.DHow is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling

53、 grows up in a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival.The mother and father themselves are

54、changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping forceas early as in 1918. But more recently, r

55、esearchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children arent getting the same one-on-one time with

56、parents. But that doesnt mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-borns dont enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”. A CambridgeUniversity study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the children.