英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法_詞性詳解二-動(dòng)詞

1、二、動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)二、動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)(1)(3)(2)一、動(dòng)詞的定義一、動(dòng)詞的定義三、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)三、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞五、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)五、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 2.一般過(guò)去時(shí) 3.一般將來(lái)時(shí) 4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)5.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 7.過(guò)去完成時(shí) 8.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)六、動(dòng)詞的基本形式六、動(dòng)詞的基本形式類(lèi)別類(lèi)別特點(diǎn)特點(diǎn)意義意義舉例舉例實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 (vt. vi.)及物動(dòng)詞跟賓語(yǔ)須跟賓語(yǔ)一起才能表達(dá)完整的意思I have a book.不及物動(dòng)詞不能直接接賓語(yǔ)能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)She always comes late.系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞(link-v)跟表語(yǔ)不能獨(dú)立做謂語(yǔ)，跟表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成完整意

2、思I am a student.助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞(aux. v.)跟動(dòng)詞原形或分詞（無(wú)詞匯意義）不能獨(dú)立做謂語(yǔ)，跟主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示疑問(wèn)，否定及各種時(shí)態(tài)He doesnt speak Chinese.I am watching TV.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (mod. v.) 跟動(dòng)詞原形（有自己的詞匯意思）不能獨(dú)立做謂語(yǔ)。表示說(shuō)話人語(yǔ)氣、情態(tài)，無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化We can do it by ourselves.That would be better.一、按詞義和句中的作用，動(dòng)詞可以分為四類(lèi)一、按詞義和句中的作用，動(dòng)詞可以分為四類(lèi)返回二、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞二、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成方式構(gòu)成方式舉例舉例動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+介詞介詞

3、Look at, look after動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞Give up, put into動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞+介詞介詞Catch up with, look down upon動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+名詞名詞+介詞介詞Take care of, pay attention to Be+形容詞形容詞+介詞介詞Be proud of, be afraid of 復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)Make up ones mind：由一些動(dòng)詞和其它詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，：由一些動(dòng)詞和其它詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。其構(gòu)成方式表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。其構(gòu)成方式如下如下返回三、按動(dòng)詞的形式可以分為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞三、按動(dòng)詞的形式可以分為謂語(yǔ)

4、動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形形 式式意意 義義舉舉 例例人稱(chēng)人稱(chēng)與主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)一致與主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)一致I am reading now. I am reading now. 第一人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)數(shù)數(shù)與主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上一致與主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上一致He writes well. He writes well. 第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間He wrote a letter to me last month. He wrote a letter to me last month. 過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)生者或者承受主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)生者或者承受者者We study English.

5、We study English.主動(dòng)主動(dòng)The road was filled with rubbish. The road was filled with rubbish. 被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣說(shuō)話人表達(dá)事實(shí)、要求、愿望說(shuō)話人表達(dá)事實(shí)、要求、愿望等等He has flown to America. He has flown to America. 事實(shí)事實(shí)I wish I could fly to the moon some I wish I could fly to the moon some day. day. 愿望愿望1、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(如下如下)2、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞返回2、非

6、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式意義用途舉例不定式起形容詞和起形容詞和名詞作用名詞作用可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)It takes me 20 minutes to go to school動(dòng)名詞起名詞作用起名詞作用作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)She likes reading.分詞現(xiàn)在分詞起形容詞、起形容詞、副詞作用，副詞作用，表主動(dòng)表主動(dòng)作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)The cup is broken過(guò)去分詞起形容詞、起形容詞、副詞作用，副詞作用，表被動(dòng)表被動(dòng)The steam is seen rising from the wet c

7、lothes.1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（1 1）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)（2 2）表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的性格、特征、能力）表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的性格、特征、能力（3 3）表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍用法）表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍用法（4 4）用于狀語(yǔ)從句代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)）用于狀語(yǔ)從句代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)eg.Weeg.We often write to each other. often write to each other. 我們時(shí)常相互通信。我們時(shí)常相互通信。 常與常與alwaysalways，usuallyusually，oftenoften，sometimessometimes，e

8、very dayevery day，once a weekonce a week，yearlyyearly每年，每年，monthlymonthly每月，每月， 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或頻率副詞連用。等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或頻率副詞連用。 eg.Heeg.He works hard. works hard.他努力工作他努力工作eg.Theeg.The sun rises in the east. Light goes faster than sound sun rises in the east. Light goes faster than soundeg.Youeg.You will succeed if you

9、try . will succeed if you try .I will tell him about it as soon as I see him next Monday.I will tell him about it as soon as I see him next Monday. 常與連詞：常與連詞：when , as soon as , before , after , until , if when , as soon as , before , after , until , if 如果，等引導(dǎo)的如果，等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)返回2.一般過(guò)去

10、時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)(1).(1).表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài). . e.g. He arrived in Hangzhou an hour ago. Where were you just now?(2).(2).表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間里反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間里反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài). . e.g. Their children often went hungry in the old days. During his middle school years, he played football nearly every day.(3).

11、(3).表示主語(yǔ)過(guò)去的特征或性格等表示主語(yǔ)過(guò)去的特征或性格等. . e.g. At that time she spoke very good English. (4).(4).一般過(guò)去時(shí)往往和明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用一般過(guò)去時(shí)往往和明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用. .如如:yesterday, last night, :yesterday, last night, two days (months, weeks) ago, in 1996, at that time two days (months, weeks) ago, in 1996, at that time 等等, ,也常和也常和when,

12、 ifwhen, if等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句連用等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句連用. . e.g. Did you play volleyball yesterday afternoon? My father, when he was a child, worked 15 hours for the landlord a day.(5).(5).一般過(guò)去時(shí)可與一般過(guò)去時(shí)可與today, this week, this monthtoday, this week, this month等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用. . e.g. I saw him today. He came late three times t

13、his week.練習(xí)返回一般過(guò)去時(shí)的練習(xí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的練習(xí)1. I saw him this morning.（改為否定句、疑問(wèn)句并做回答）（改為否定句、疑問(wèn)句并做回答）2. He came late three times this week.（同上）（同上）3. Jim came late three times this week.(分別對(duì)分別對(duì)a,b,c,d提問(wèn)提問(wèn)) a b c d4. AI_(be) 12 last year. B_(be)the doctor in the hospital last night? No, he_(be not). C. What _he_(do)

14、 yesterday? He_(draw)some pictures in the park.5.A. _ _a sweater on the desk just now.B. There are some children in the aquarium now. (用用 yesterday替換替換 now) _ _some children in the aquarium yesterday.C. There were some buildings here in the past. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句改為一般疑問(wèn)句) _ _ _ buildings here in the past?返回3

15、.一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)a.will / shall +動(dòng)詞原形(備：在口語(yǔ)中，備：在口語(yǔ)中，shall和和will?？s寫(xiě)成?？s寫(xiě)成ll，緊接在主語(yǔ)之后。其否定式緊接在主語(yǔ)之后。其否定式shall not和和will not的簡(jiǎn)略式分別為的簡(jiǎn)略式分別為shant和和wont)(1)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成b. be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形c. be + 動(dòng)詞-ing形式（動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式通常是表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，形式通常是表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，如如arrive, come, go, leave, move, start, stay, get等）等）d.be + 動(dòng)詞不定式 （例：例：You are t

16、o be back before 10:00 p.m. 你必須在上午你必須在上午10點(diǎn)前回來(lái)。表示按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事點(diǎn)前回來(lái)。表示按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事 ）(2)用法用法表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示將要反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示將要反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 (3)常用結(jié)構(gòu)常用結(jié)構(gòu)用于用于祈使句祈使句 + and + 陳術(shù)句陳術(shù)句中。中。Eg.Work hard and you will succeed. 與表示時(shí)間或條件的狀語(yǔ)從句連用。與表示時(shí)間或條件的狀語(yǔ)從句連用。If you ask him, he will help you. 用于用于I expect,

17、 Im sure, I think, I wonder + 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句中。中。 I dont think the test will be very difficult.返回練習(xí)4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)(1)意義：意義：a.a.表示說(shuō)話的此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。表示說(shuō)話的此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 常與常與now,the moment等連用。等連用。(2)(2)構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+be+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(v.+ing)練習(xí)返回例:Listen! Mary is singing an English song in the classroom. b.表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間段中正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)

18、間段中正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 例:They are planting trees on the hill these days.c.表示一種重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，帶有表示一種重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，帶有“厭惡厭惡”、“贊嘆贊嘆”等感情色彩。等感情色彩。 例:My brother is always leaving things about. 注注:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)往往與always連用，給現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作披上一層感情色彩?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的練習(xí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的練習(xí)1. What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread.2. Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the offic

19、e. 3. Look, the boy_(put) the rubbish into the bin.4. _he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play).5.Where is Mak? He_(run) on the grass. 6. Listen, who_(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary_(sing) there.7.The birds are singing in the tree.(就劃線部分提問(wèn)).8.The children are playing games near the house.

20、(就劃線部分提問(wèn))9.The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑問(wèn)句) 返回5.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)(1)意義：意義：（2 2）構(gòu)成：）構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞1表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：What were you doing when I phoned you last night? 2表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 如：They were building a dam last winter. 去年冬天他們?cè)诮ㄒ粋€(gè)大壩。 3用于come, go, leave, start, arrive

21、等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，以表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如： They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai. 返回練習(xí)6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（1）意義：）意義：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果響或結(jié)果,也可表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始也可表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。（2）結(jié)構(gòu)：）結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞have/has + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（3）四大標(biāo)志詞：）四大標(biāo)志詞： * 以以already, just和和yet為標(biāo)

22、志：為標(biāo)志：表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)、剛剛或還沒(méi)有發(fā)生 * 以以ever和和never為標(biāo)志：為標(biāo)志：表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)曾經(jīng)或從來(lái)沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)曾經(jīng)或從來(lái)沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò) * 以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志：以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志：He says he has been to the USA three times. * 以以so far為標(biāo)志：為標(biāo)志：表示到目前為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生表示到目前為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生（4）注：）注：a.*“終止終止”、“延續(xù)延續(xù)”要轉(zhuǎn)換要轉(zhuǎn)換常見(jiàn)的有常見(jiàn)的有:come-be, go out -be out, leave-be away (fro

23、m), begin-be on, buy-have, borrow-keep , join-be a member / 介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ), die-be dead, become-be, open(v.)-be open(adj.) 等。等。 b. * 時(shí)間時(shí)間“點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”、“段段”須分清須分清 for+時(shí)間段時(shí)間段 since+過(guò)去某一過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻時(shí)刻返回練習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的練習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的練習(xí)A)選用have, has填空:1.I _ told him the news.2.She _ come back from school.3.You _ won the game.B)按要求改寫(xiě)下列各句:4

24、.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑問(wèn)句,再作肯定與否定回答)C) 單項(xiàng)選擇6. -Where have you _, Kate?-Ive _ to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, beenD. been, gone7. Her grandfather _ for two years. A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has been died8. Its six weeks _ I met you l

25、ast.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. for9. Tom and Jack _ West Hill Farm already.A. have gotB. have gone toC. have been toD. have reached返回7.過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)(1)概念概念:過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，即：過(guò)去的過(guò)去。如作或情況，即：過(guò)去的過(guò)去。如: When we got there, the football match had already started. 當(dāng)我們趕

26、到時(shí)，足球比賽已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。當(dāng)我們趕到時(shí)，足球比賽已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。(2)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成:肯定句：主語(yǔ)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+其他其他 否定句：主語(yǔ)否定句：主語(yǔ)+had not+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+其他其他 疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)句：Had+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+其他其他(3)用法用法: A.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前已完成的動(dòng)作，表示對(duì)這一過(guò)去時(shí)間造成表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前已完成的動(dòng)作，表示對(duì)這一過(guò)去時(shí)間造成的結(jié)果或影響。常用以下幾種方式：的結(jié)果或影響。常用以下幾種方式： (1) 用用by，before等構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)。等構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)。 eg:Linda had learnt 10 English

27、 songs by the end of last month. (2) 用用when, before, after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 eg:The train had started before we got to the station. B. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)還可以表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前發(fā)生開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到這一過(guò)去完成時(shí)還可以表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前發(fā)生開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到這一過(guò)去的時(shí)間。常與過(guò)去的時(shí)間。常與for, since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或從句連用。引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或從句連用。 eg:I had worked in a hospital for thre

28、e years before I came here.返回練習(xí)8.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（1 1）意義：）意義：表示以過(guò)去的某時(shí)來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在表示以過(guò)去的某時(shí)來(lái)看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)的狀態(tài),常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中.（2 2）構(gòu)成：）構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+would/should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+was/were+going to +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 例:I didnt know if she would come. I wasnt sure whether he would do it . I didnt know if she was going to come

29、. Wang Lei said that she was going to visit her uncle next Sunday.返回練習(xí)1. We often_(play) in the playgound.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What(do) he usually (do) after school?5 . D a n n y ( s t u d y ) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6. Mi

30、ke sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9 . H o w m a n y l e s s o n s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ y o u r classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework?返回一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的練習(xí)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的練習(xí)（1）下一頁(yè)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的練習(xí)（

31、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的練習(xí)（2）9. My dog runs fast. （改為否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句） 10. Mike has two letters for him. （改為否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句） 11. I usually play football on Friday afternoon.（改為否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句并對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）12. Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.（同上）13. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day （同上）14. Tom does his homework a

32、t home. （同上）返回上一頁(yè)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式及變化規(guī)則英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式及變化規(guī)則1 英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有五種基本形式。它們是動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時(shí)（簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)單三）、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。這五種形式和助動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成英語(yǔ)的各種時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)等。原形原形第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)過(guò)去式過(guò)去式過(guò)去分過(guò)去分詞詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞workworkworksworksworkedworkedworkedworkedworkingworkingwritewritewriteswriteswrotewrotewrittenwrittenwritingwritinghavehavehashashadhad

33、hadhadhavinghavingdododoesdoesdiddiddonedonedoingdoing 例：例：1、單三形式變化規(guī)則、單三形式變化規(guī)則（1）一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加）一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加- s, 在清輔音后讀在清輔音后讀 /s / ,在濁輔音或元音后讀在濁輔音或元音后讀 / z / ;在在t后后讀讀/ ts /, 在在d后讀后讀 / dz /。例如：。例如：help helps ，swim swims （2）以字母）以字母s, x, ch , sh 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加- es, 讀讀/ iz/ , 在在d后讀后讀/ dz/.以以o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞也加詞也加es，讀，讀/ z

34、/。例如：。例如：guess guesses，teach teaches，go goes（3）以輔音字母加）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為為i，再加，再加-es，讀，讀/ z /。例如：。例如：fly flies carry carries 注：注： be is have has 下一頁(yè)返回2. 2. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞- ing- ing形式的構(gòu)成：形式的構(gòu)成：（1 1） 一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ing-ing. . 例如例如:go going:go going，ask askingask asking（2 2）以不發(fā)音字母）以不發(fā)音字母e e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, ,先

35、去掉先去掉e,e,再加再加-ing-ing. . 例如例如:write :write writingwriting，close closingclose closing，take take taking taking（3 3）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙寫(xiě)這一字母，再加寫(xiě)這一字母，再加-ing-ing. . 例如：例如：get gettingget getting，sit sittingsit sitting，put puttingput putting，run runningrun running，begi

36、n beginning begin beginning 3. 3. 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成（1 1）一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加）一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed.-ed.結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是e e 的動(dòng)詞直接加的動(dòng)詞直接加-d.-d.例如例如:look :look looked looked，play playedplay played，live livedlive lived，hope hopedhope hoped（2 2）末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再）末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加加-ed. -ed. 例如：例如：stop sto

37、ppedstop stopped，plan plannedplan planned，trip trippedtrip tripped （3 3）結(jié)尾是）結(jié)尾是“輔音字母輔音字母+y”+y”的動(dòng)詞，先變的動(dòng)詞，先變“y”y”為為“i”i”再加再加-ed. -ed. 例例如如:study studied:study studied，carry carriedcarry carried 下一頁(yè)返回上一頁(yè)2（4）詞尾）詞尾-ed的讀音的讀音i. 在濁輔音和元音后面讀為在濁輔音和元音后面讀為/ d / .例如例如:called，moved ii 在濁輔音后面讀為在濁輔音后面讀為/ t / . 例如：例如

38、：finished ,helped iii 在在/ t / , / d /音后面讀為音后面讀為/ id / . 例如：例如：wanted ,shouted(5)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 常見(jiàn)的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式有常見(jiàn)的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式有:am/is was,are were,go went,have had,do did,get got,come came,say said,see sawput put,eat ate,take took等等 詳見(jiàn)課本后附錄并熟記！詳見(jiàn)課本后附錄并熟記！補(bǔ)：補(bǔ)： There be There be 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)“There is /are +某物 / 某

39、人 +某地 / 某時(shí)”這樣一種句型.句子中的is /are 和后面所跟的名詞在數(shù)的方面必須一致。（1）肯定句There is (Theres) a train in the picture.（2）否定句There is not (isnt) a picture on the wall .There are not (arent) any birds in the tree .（3）疑問(wèn)句和簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)Is there a girl under the tree? Yes ,there is . /No ,there is not(isnt). Are there any glasses on th

40、e table ? Yes, there are. / No, there are not （arent）How many days are there in a week?There are seven.返回上一頁(yè)3過(guò)去時(shí)的練習(xí)過(guò)去時(shí)的練習(xí)(1)1. -Where is Jim?-He _ to the shop. Hell be back in an hour. A. goes B. go C. has gone D. will go2. I dont think I _ you in that dress before. A. have seen B. was seeing C. saw

41、 D. see3. Im sorry youve missed the train. It _10 minutes ago. A. left B. has left C. had left D. has been left4. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?- _ you _ your homework yet?A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished5. -I dont know if his uncle_.-I think he_if it doesnt

42、rain.A. will come; comes B. will come; will comeC. comes; will come D. comes; comes6. -Excuse me, look at the sign: NO PHOTOS!-Sorry, I_it.A. dont see B. didnt see C. havent seen D. wont see下一頁(yè)7. I think you were in a hurry. You_your sweater inside out.A. had worn B. Wore C. were wearing D. are wear

43、ing8. The traffic in our city is already bad and it_even worse.A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting9. -Has Jack finished his homework yet?-I have no idea. He_ it this morning.A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did10. -Sorry, I forget to post the letter for you. -Never mind, _ it myself

44、 tonight. A. Im going to post B. Ive decided to post C. Ill post D. Id rather postKey: 1-5 CAADB6-10 BDDAC 過(guò)去時(shí)的練習(xí)過(guò)去時(shí)的練習(xí)(2)下一頁(yè)P(yáng)ractice(1) 1. His father _ ( took , was taking ) a walk in the street when I met him . 2. The glass _ (dropped , was dropping ) to the ground and broke into pieces . 3. Jack

45、told me he _ ( came , would come ) back next month. 4. Kate _ (cleaned , was cleaning ) the windows the day before yesterday . 5. I knew she _ ( was going , had been ) to Shanghai twice . 6. Who _ ( sang , was singing ) at ten last night ? 7. I _ (talked , was talking ) with Mrs. Green at this time

46、yesterday . 8. The two students _ ( fought , was fighting ) when the teacher walked into the room . 下一頁(yè)P(yáng)ractice(2)用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。 1. I _ (get )two postcards from her last week . 2. They _ not _ ( stay ) there long because it was late . 3. Who _ (live ) in that room last week ? 4. Yesterda

47、y I _ ( see ) him in the street . 5. _ ( be ) he a driver three years ago ? 6. He said he _ ( go ) to New York next month . 7. I _ ( do )my homework when my mother came back . 8. The students _ ( be )not in the classroom at that time . 9. _ he _ ( play )basketball with his son yesterday afternoon? 1

48、0. I _ ( wash ) my sport shoes just then . 下一頁(yè) 根據(jù)中文意思，用下列英文提示詞語(yǔ)造句。根據(jù)中文意思，用下列英文提示詞語(yǔ)造句。 1. 該是學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的時(shí)間了。 study maths 2. 這棵樹(shù)和那棵樹(shù)一樣高。 this tree , is , tall , that one 3. 靠我一個(gè)人來(lái)移動(dòng)這樣床對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是很困難的。 difficult , me , move , bed 4. 這張床如此重以至于我移不動(dòng)它。 the bed , is , heavy , I cant move , it 5. 昨天洗運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋花了我半小時(shí)的時(shí)間。 me , ha

49、lf an hour , wash , my sport shoes , yesterday 1. Its time to study maths. 2. This tree is as tall as that one . 3. It is difficult for me to move the bed by myself. 4. The bed is so heavy that I cant move it . 5. It took me half an hour to wash my sport shoes yesterday . Practice(3)返回一般將來(lái)時(shí)的練習(xí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的

50、練習(xí)(1)( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B.

51、 is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be

52、D. Are; going to be; will be下一頁(yè)返回一般將來(lái)時(shí)的練習(xí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的練習(xí)(2)( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. Where is the morning p

53、aper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have下一頁(yè) 返回一般將來(lái)時(shí)的練習(xí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的練習(xí)(3)( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful

54、 hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will give D. is going to giving( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont.下一頁(yè) 返回一般將來(lái)時(shí)的練習(xí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的練習(xí)(4)( ) 16. Who _