高級英語語法

1、實(shí)用階梯英語語法教程（第二版）PPT模板下載： 行業(yè)PPT模板： 節(jié)日PPT模板： PPT素材下載： PPT圖表下載： 優(yōu)秀PPT下載： PPT教程： Word教程： Excel教程： 資料下載： PPT課件下載： 范文下載： 試卷下載： 教案下載： 新世紀(jì)高職高專教材編審委員會(huì)組編總主審劉黛琳總主編牛健主編鄭仰成王海麗緱慧權(quán)CONTENTS PAGESentences (句子)Chapter11.1Basic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.2 Simple Sentences (簡單句)1.3 Compound Sentences (并列句)1.4 Complex Se

2、ntences (復(fù)合句)CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.11. Everybody laughed.2. Class begins at eight oclock.3. Patterns of demands differ among countries.4. Human brains resemble considerably.1.1.1 Our journey begins. (主語+謂語)CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.15. I study pedagogy.6. Ma

3、ny restaurants have a no-smoking section.7. The police are investigating the crime.8. We all need a balanced diet for good health.1.1.2 I love this trip. (主語+謂語+賓語)CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.19. The story sounds interesting.10. The employees seem very capable.11. Electronics is a p

4、art of electricity.12. People are similar in many ways.1.1.3 He is a student. (主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語)CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.113. He found the box empty.14. We think education crucial.15. We have proved him wrong.16. The technician taught us how to examine the water in the boiler.1.1.4 We c

5、onsider English important. (主語+謂語+賓語+補(bǔ)語)CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.117. Electricity gives us light.18. She made herself a new dress.19. The driver saved us a lot of trouble.20. The onlookers told the police the whole story.1.1.5 She gave me a present. (主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語)CONTENTS PAGE

6、Basic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.1Exercises to 1.1Analyze the patterns of the following sentences.1. A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life.2. The story of Mark Twains life sounds interesting.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.1Exercises to 1.1Analyze the p

7、atterns of the following sentences.3. Knowledge makes a man elegant.4. Leaves turn yellow in autumn.主語+謂語+賓語+補(bǔ)語主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.1Exercises to 1.1Analyze the patterns of the following sentences.5. The old man walks in the park every day.6. We all breathe, drink, a

8、nd eat.主語+謂語主語+謂語CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.1Exercises to 1.1Analyze the patterns of the following sentences.7. All critics considered his novel a masterpiece.8. Walls have ears.主語+謂語+賓語+補(bǔ)語主語+謂語+賓語CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.1Exercises to 1.1Analyze the patterns of

9、 the following sentences.9. Whether they will come or not depends on the weather.10. My cousin mailed me a package yesterday.主語+謂語主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.1Exercises to 1.1Analyze the patterns of the following sentences.11. The meeting lasted for two hours.12. He i

10、s repairing the generator.主語+謂語主語+謂語+賓語CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.1Exercises to 1.1Analyze the patterns of the following sentences.13. We call it electric energy.主語+謂語+賓語+補(bǔ)語CONTENTS PAGEBasic sentence Patterns (基本句型)1.1Exercises to 1.1Complete the following sentences by translating

11、 the Chinese parts.14. Nothing works better than _ (擁有積極的態(tài)度).15. _ is the common goal. (考試的高分).16. _ (他沒有遵守安全規(guī)則) resulted in an accident to the machinery.17. The lion is _ (勇氣的象征).18. Music expresses _ (人們的問題與感情).19. The teacher told the students _ (注意拼寫).20. That is why _ (我們要做善事).21. I dont know _

12、 (他明天是否會(huì)來).having a positive attitudeGetting high exam scoresHis failure to observe the safety regulationsa symbol of couragethe problems and feelings of peopleto pay attention to his spellingwe should do good thingswhether he will come tomorrowCONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Life is ful

13、l of ups and downs. (陳述句)1. People have five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.2. The sun is the largest source of energy in the solar system.3. The rapid increase in population has created some serious problems.4. Most people watch television every day.陳述句用來說明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述說話人的看法，句末用句號。CONTEN

14、TS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Life is full of ups and downs. (陳述句)5. She arrived quite early.6. The earth revolves round the sun.7. In general, people keep their savings in banks.不含否定詞的句子即為肯定句。 I am a statistics major. (肯定句)CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Life is full of u

15、ps and downs. (陳述句)8. I never go to bed without watching the news.9. I can never see the film without being moved to tears.10. There was no one who didnt feel sympathy for the victims.雙重否定表示肯定，為了加強(qiáng)語氣。 I am a statistics major. (肯定句)CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Read

16、 the following story and learn the usage of statement.The Forbidden City is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. It took 14 years to build the Forbidden City. The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune a

17、nd wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture. The complex consists of 800 buildings wi

18、th 8,886 rooms, covering 720,000 square meters. Each of the four sides is pierced by a gate, the Meridian Gate on the south and the Gate of Spiritual Valor on the north, being used as the entrance and exit by tourists today. Once inside, visitors will see a succession of halls and palaces spreading

19、out on either side of an invisible central axis. The buildings glowing yellow roofs against vermilion walls is a magnificent sight, not to mention their painted ridges and carved beams. The Forbidden City was declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 and listed by UNESCO as the largest collection of pr

20、eserved ancient wooden structures in the world.CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Life is full of ups and downs. (陳述句)11. Dont apologize. Its my fault.12. She has not been sleeping well lately.13. There isnt any market for these products.系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞加not表示對句子的否定。 This is not the righ

21、t answer. (否定句)CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Life is full of ups and downs. (陳述句)14. I have no brother.15. He never comes to school late.16. I know nothing about computer.一些否定詞如no, never等表示對句子的全部否定。 This is not the right answer. (否定句)CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) L

22、ife is full of ups and downs. (陳述句)17. He seldom comes to see me.18. He has few friends in Hong Kong.19. I hardly see anything in the room.一些否定詞如seldom, hardly, rarely等表示對句子的部分否定。 This is not the right answer. (否定句)CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Life is full of ups and downs. (陳述

23、句)20. Without music, the world would be dull.21. Jack is the last person whom we would want to meet.22. The heat was more than we could stand.某些肯定形式的詞或短語表示否定意義。 This is not the right answer. (否定句)CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Change the following sentences into the

24、ir negative form.1. We can go to the park with our teacher next Saturday.2. Tom does his homework after supper.We cant go to the park with our teacher next Saturday.Tom doesnt do his homework after supper.CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Change the following sentences into t

25、heir negative form.3. Jason plays football every afternoon.4. I do voluntary work in the community every summer holiday.Jason doesnt play football every afternoon.I dont do voluntary work in the community every summer holiday.CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Change the follo

26、wing sentences into their negative form.5. Self-control is something that comes with your birth.6. He can sing this song and that one.Self-control isnt something that comes with your birth.He cant sing this song and that one.CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Translate the fol

27、lowing sentences into Chinese.7. Her lecture was above me.8. You seldom work on Sundays, do you?我聽不懂她的報(bào)告。你星期天很少工作，是嗎？CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Translate the following sentences into Chinese.9. She had a lot of friends and was usually asked out in the evenings,so she s

28、eldom spent an evening at home.10. I agree with most of what you have said, but I dont agree witheverything.她有很多朋友，晚上常被邀請外出，因此她晚上很少在家里待著。我同意你說的大部分內(nèi)容，但不是所有內(nèi)容。CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Translate the following sentences into Chinese.11. It is not unusual for a family to

29、have more than one car to use indaily life.12. The kids had never been in London, and were astonished at thecrowds.一個(gè)家庭在日常生活中有一輛以上的車子并不特別稀奇。孩子們從未來過倫敦，看到人群感到很驚訝。CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Questions (疑問句) Will you be free tonight? (一般疑問句)1. Do I need a reservation?2. Is there a

30、 Korean restaurant around here?3. Has the factory gone into production?No, not yet. / Yes, it has.4. Could you help me with my homework this evening?Yes, I will. / No, I wont.一般疑問句由助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞be或have引導(dǎo)，通常要求以yes或no回答。CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Change the following state

31、ments into general questions.Model: We speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese?1. We have to finish the job on time.2. She took the late night train to Beijing.Do you have to finish the job on time?Did she take the late night train to Beijing?CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Cha

32、nge the following statements into general questions.Model: We speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese?3. College is a different experience for me.4. Education gives us tools for lifelong learning.Is college a different experience for you?Does education give you tools for lifelong learning?CONTENTS PAGES

33、imple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Change the following statements into general questions.Model: We speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese?5. Things always change.6. I locked the door before leaving.Do things always change?Did you lock the door before leaving?CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句

34、) Questions (疑問句) What is your name? (特殊疑問句)1. Whats the exchange rate today?2. How long have you been waiting here?3. Which book have you lent him?4. Who is the young lady standing over there?5. Why is the Internet so widely used?特殊疑問句對句中某一部分提出疑問，由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)，一般用倒裝語序。CONTENTS PAGESim

35、ple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Ask questions to the underlined words.1. Jack did well in math.2. My sister is reading a book at the windows.How did Jack do in math?Who is reading a book at the windows?CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Ask questions to the underline

36、d words.3. There are over 30 students working in the laboratory.4. The teacher read an interesting story to the students before classbegan.How many students are there working in the laboratory?When did the teacher read an interesting story to the students?CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exerci

37、ses to Ask questions to the underlined words.5. I bought the dictionary at eight in a bookshop.When and where did you buy the dictionary?CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Questions (疑問句) . tea or milk? (選擇疑問句)1. Which do you prefer, tea or milk?2. Is the delegation leaving to

38、day or tomorrow?3. Did you work out the math problem in this way or that way?4. Will Prof. Smith or Prof. Anniston give us a lecture?選擇疑問句提出兩個(gè)答案供選擇，在結(jié)構(gòu)上與一般疑問句相似，兩個(gè)選擇部分用or連接。CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Make up sentences according to the situations given.1. You want to kn

39、ow whether Ben or Mike didnt come to schooltoday.2. The waitress is asking the customer to choose between the pizzaand hamburger.Who didnt come to school today, Ben or Mike?Which food do you want, pizza or hamburger?CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Questions (疑問句) You made reservat

40、ion, didnt you? (反意疑問句)1. Im as tall as your brother, arent I?2. You arent going to her birthday party, are you?3. We believe she can do it better, cant she?4. He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he?5. You didnt find many problems with your equipment, did you?反意疑問句用于提出看法，詢問對方是否同意，前一部分用陳述句的形式，后一部

41、分是一個(gè)附著在前一部分的簡短問句。如果前一個(gè)部分用肯定形式，后一部分就用否定形式；如果前一部分用否定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式。CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to Fill in the blanks with a proper tail.1. He often goes to school by bike, _?2. Dont make any noise, _?3. There are times when such things are necessary, _?4. I dare not go out af

42、ter dark. Lets go together, _?5. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present job. I dont think you judged your ability objectively when you applied it, _?6. Few people would agree with this, _?7. He said he wasnt at home last night, _?doesnt hewill youarent thereshall wedid youwould theydidnt heCO

43、NTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) Sit down! (祈使句)1. Fasten your seat belt!2. Dont turn off the switch!3. Come in, please!祈使句表示請求、命令、勸告等，一般無主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。4. You wait here for a moment!5. Behave yourself!6. Nobody say a word!在某些情況下加入特定主語，如you, oneself, everyone, nobody等用于加強(qiáng)語氣。CONTENTS PAGESimple

44、Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to 1.2.3Translate the following English warnings into Chinese.1. No spitting!2. Please do not throw rubbish into this river.禁止吐痰！請勿向河中投擲垃圾！CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to 1.2.3Translate the following English warnings into Chinese.3. Keep in dark place.4

45、. Customers please refrain from entering this area.避光保存！顧客止步！CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercises to 1.2.3Translate the following English warnings into Chinese.5. No parking day or night!6. Keep your belongings with you at all times.晝夜禁止停車！請隨時(shí)照看好您的個(gè)人物品！CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1

46、.2Exercises to 1.2.3Translate the following English warnings into Chinese.7. In case of fire, stay in vehicle.8. Do not speak to the driver when the bus is moving.如遇火警，請留在車內(nèi)！汽車行駛中嚴(yán)禁與司機(jī)交談！CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) What a beautiful day! (感嘆句)1. How time flies!2. What a bad time I had

47、!3. What terrible weather weve been having these days!感嘆句表示說話時(shí)的驚異、喜悅、氣憤等情緒，多用what或how引起，what用于修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句) What a beautiful day! (感嘆句)4. What good news it is!5. What difficult questions they are！6. What noise they are making!What a/an + Adj.+Noun+主語

48、+謂語，構(gòu)成感嘆句。7. How cold it is today!8. How interesting this novel is!9. How hard he works!How + Adj. + a/an +主語+ 謂語，構(gòu)成感嘆句。CONTENTS PAGESimple Sentences (簡單句)1.2Exercise to 1.2.4Fill in the following blanks with proper words to form an exclamation.1. The old lady walked very slowly._ the old lady walke

49、d!2. Mary is an honest girl._ girl Mary is！_ girl Mary is!3. The students are listening carefully._ the students are listening!4. The weather is fine._ weather it is !_ the weather is!5. On our holiday we had good weather._ weather we had on our holiday!How, slowlyWhat, an, honestHow, honest, aHow,

50、carefullyWhat, fineHow, fineWhat, goodCONTENTS PAGECompound Sentences (并列句)1.31. I knocked at the door but no one answered.2. Hurry up, or youll be late.3. Give him an inch and he will take a mile.4. She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time.并列句由并列連詞and, or, but, so等將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上平等關(guān)系的簡單句連接在一起，表

51、示語義引申、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、對比或因果關(guān)系等。5. They are not only ornamental, but also useful.6. Either Jack or Lily will go with you, for one of them has to stay home and wait for the call.7. You must leave early, or else youll miss the train.一些固定搭配如, not only.but also., neither.nor., or else等也可以用于構(gòu)成并列句。CONTENTS PAGECompo

52、und Sentences (并列句)1.31. You must work hard, _ youll fall behind.A. and B. or C. so D. for2. Mr. Yang knows little English, _ he cant understand the instructions on the bottle.A. but B. and C. yet D. or3. He is good-natured, _ I dont like him.A. but B. or C. for D. so4. Stop smoking now, _ your heal

53、th will be ruined.A. and B. but C. or else D. since5. This winter is _ cold, _ windy.A. either.or B. neither.nor C. both.and D. not only.but alsoExercises to 1.3Multiple ChoiceB. orB. andA. butC. or elseD. not only.but alsoCONTENTS PAGEComplex Sentences (復(fù)合句)1.4復(fù)合句有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，但其中一個(gè)是主句，另外是從句；根據(jù)從句在主句

54、中充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?，可把從句分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、定語從句、狀語從句、同位語從句等。1. That light travels in straight lines is known to all.2. A new study hints that eating milk chocolate may boost brain function.3. His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet.4. The question that who should do the work requires considerati

55、on.名詞性從句是在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句，分別為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。CONTENTS PAGEComplex Sentences (復(fù)合句)1.45. The lady whom you saw just now is our math teacher.6. The company where I work is not far from here.7. He has a son who works in a hospital.8. She missed the train, which annoyed him very much.定語從句在句中起到定語作用，修飾一

56、個(gè)名詞或代詞，有時(shí)也可修飾一個(gè)句子。9. When Maria arrived home, her parents were watching TV.10. He failed the exam because he was too careless.11. You will certainly make progress if you study hard.12. We have to make an early start tomorrow so that we wont get stuck in the traffic.狀語從句在句中起狀語作用，可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后，表示時(shí)間

57、、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、讓步、方式、比較、目的或結(jié)果等意義。CONTENTS PAGEComplex Sentences (復(fù)合句)1.4Exercises to 1.4Read and translate the following sentences.1. Energy and persistence conquer all things.(Benjamin Franklin)能量和毅力可以征服一切。（富蘭克林）CONTENTS PAGEComplex Sentences (復(fù)合句)1.4Exercises to 1.4Read and translate the following sent

58、ences.2. An aim in life is the only fortune worth finding.(Robert Luis Stevenson)生活的目標(biāo)是唯一值得尋找的財(cái)富。（史蒂文森）CONTENTS PAGEComplex Sentences (復(fù)合句)1.4Exercises to 1.4Read and translate the following sentences.3. Human mind is great, for as long as it concentrates on some cause,it will produce surprising ach

59、ievements. (Mark Twain)人的思想真是偉大，因?yàn)橹灰鼘Ｗ⒂谀撤N事業(yè)，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生驚人的業(yè)績。（馬克吐溫）CONTENTS PAGEComplex Sentences (復(fù)合句)1.4Exercises to 1.4Read and translate the following sentences.4. As many languages as he has, as many friends, as many arts andtrades, so many times is he a man.(Emerson, Culture, The Conduct of Life)竭盡全力掌握各種語言，結(jié)交各式朋友，精通各類技藝及行業(yè)，如此努力方能成為一個(gè)完整的人。（愛默生處世之道論文化）CONTENTS PAGEComplex Sentences (復(fù)合句)1.4Exercises to 1.4Read and translate the following sentences.5. The people who get on in this world are the people who get upand look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot findthem, make them.(Bernard