(完整版)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)常用英語詞匯

1、Aaccounting 會計accounting cost 會計成本accounting profit 會計利潤adverse selection 向選擇allocation 配置allocation of resources 資源配置allocative efficiency 配置效率antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法arc elasticity 弧彈性Assumption 假設(shè)asymetric information 非對稱性信息average 平均average cos坪均成本average cost pricing平均成本定價法average fixed cost

2、平均固定成本average product of capital 資 本 平 均 產(chǎn)average product of labour勞動平均產(chǎn)量average revenue均收益average total cost平均總成本average variable cos坪均可變成本Bbarriers to entry 進(jìn)入壁壘base yearlfi年bilateral monopoly 雙邊壟斷benefit 收益black market 黑市bliss point 極樂點(diǎn)boundary point 邊界點(diǎn)break even point收支相抵點(diǎn)budget預(yù)算budget constra

3、int 預(yù)算約束budget line 預(yù)算線budget set預(yù)算集Ccapital 資本capital stock資本存量capital output ratio資本產(chǎn)出比率capitalism 資本主義cardinal utility theory 基數(shù)效用論cartel 卡特爾ceteris puribus assumption“ 其 他 條 件 不 變 ”的假設(shè)ceteris puribus demand curveM 他因 素不變的需求曲線Chamberlin model 張伯倫模型change in deman濡求變化經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)常用英語詞匯change in quantity de

4、mande需求量變化 change in quantity supplied 供給量變化 change in supply 供給變化choice 選擇 closed set 閉集 Coase theorem# 斯定理 cobweb model蛛網(wǎng)模型 collective bargaining 集體協(xié)議工資 collusion 合謀command economy指令經(jīng)濟(jì) commodity 商品commodity combination 商品組合 commodity market 商品市場 commodity space商品空間 common property 公用財產(chǎn) comparative

5、 static analysis比較靜態(tài)分析 compensated budget line#償預(yù)算線 compensated demand function補(bǔ) 償 需求函 數(shù) compensation principles 補(bǔ)償原貝 U compensating variation in income 收 入 補(bǔ) 償 變量competition 競爭competitive market 競爭性市場complement goods 互補(bǔ)品 complete information 完全信息 completeness完備性condition for efficiency in productio

6、n 生 產(chǎn) 的最優(yōu)條件concave 凹concave function 凹函數(shù)concave preference0 偏好 consistence 致性constant cost industry 成本不變產(chǎn)業(yè) constant returns to scaled模報酬不變 constraints 約束 consumer 消費(fèi)者 consumer behavior 消費(fèi)者行為consumer choice消費(fèi)者選擇consumer equilibrium 消費(fèi)者均衡consumer optimization 消費(fèi)者優(yōu)化 consumer preference肖費(fèi)者偏好consumer sur

7、plus 消費(fèi)者乘 U余 consumer theory消費(fèi)者理論 consumption 消費(fèi)consumption bundle 消費(fèi)束consumption combination 消費(fèi)組合 consumption possibility curve 消費(fèi)可能曲線 consumption possibility frontier 消費(fèi)可能性 前沿consumption set 消費(fèi)集consumption spaced肖費(fèi)空間 continuity 連續(xù)性continuous function 連續(xù)函數(shù)contract curve 契約曲線convex 凸convex function

8、凸函數(shù)convex preference 凸偏好convex set 凸集corporatlon 公司cost成本cost benefit analysis成本收益分cost function 成本函數(shù)cost minimization 成本極小化 Cournot equilihrium 古諾均衡 Cross price elasticity 交叉價格彈性Ddead- weights loss 重負(fù)損失decreasing cost industry成本遞減產(chǎn)業(yè)decreasing returns to scal靚模報酬遞減 deduction 演繹法demand需求demand curve需

9、求曲線demand elasticity 需求彈性demand function 需求函數(shù)demand price需求價格demand schedul襦求表depreciation 折舊derivative 導(dǎo)數(shù)derive demand派生需求difference equation 差分方程differential equation 微分方程differentiated good 差異商品differentiated oligoply 差異寡頭diminishing marginal substitution 邊際替代率遞減diminishing marginal return 收益遞減di

10、minishing marginal utility 邊際效用遞減direct approach 直接法direct taxes 直接稅discounting 貼稅、折扣diseconomies of scaled 模不經(jīng)濟(jì)disequilibrium 非均衡distribution 分配division of labour 勞動分工distribution theory of marginal productivity 邊際生產(chǎn)率分配論duoupoly 雙頭壟斷、雙寡duality 對偶durable goods 耐用品dynamic analysis 動態(tài)分析dynamic models

11、動態(tài)模型EEconomic agents經(jīng)濟(jì)行為者economic cost經(jīng)濟(jì)成本economic efficiency 經(jīng)濟(jì)效率economic goods 經(jīng)濟(jì)物品economic man 經(jīng)濟(jì)人economic mode經(jīng)濟(jì)模型economic profit 經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤economic region of production 生產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū) 域economic regulation 經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)economic rent經(jīng)濟(jì)租金exchange 交換economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)exchange efficiency 交換效率economy 經(jīng)濟(jì)exchange contract curv皎換契約

12、曲線economy of scale 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)Edgeworth box diagram 埃奇沃思圖exclusion 排斥性、排他性Edgeworth contract curve 埃奇沃思契約線Edgeworth model 埃奇沃思模型efficiency 效率，效益efficiency parameter 效率參數(shù)elasticity 彈性elasticity of substitution 替代彈性endogenous variabl吶生變量endowment 稟賦endowment of resource酸源稟賦entrepreneur企業(yè)家entrepreneurshipik 業(yè)

13、家才能entry barriers 進(jìn)入壁壘entry/exit decision 進(jìn)出決策envolope curve 包絡(luò)線 equilibrium 均衡equilibrium condition 均衡條件equilibrium price 均衡價格equilibrium quantity 均衡產(chǎn)量eqity 公平equivalent variation in income 收入等價變量 excess capacity theorem 過度生產(chǎn)能力定理 excess supplyii 度供給exchange 交換exchange contract curv皎換契約曲線exclusion 排

14、斥性、排他性exclusion principle 排他性原則existence存在性existence of general equilibrium 總體均 衡的 存在Texogenous variable的卜生變量 expansion path斯展徑expectation 期望expected utility 期望效用expected value,望值expenditure 支出explicit cost 顯性成本external benefit夕卜部收益external cost外部成本external economy 外部經(jīng)濟(jì)external diseconomy 外部不經(jīng)濟(jì)exter

15、nalities 外部性FFactor要素factor demand要素需求factor market要素市場factors of production 生產(chǎn)要素factor substitution 要素替代factor supply 要素供給fallacy of composition 合成謬誤final goods 最終產(chǎn)品firm 企業(yè)firms demacnudrve for labor 企業(yè)勞動需求曲線firm supply curve 企業(yè)供給曲線first-degree price discrimination 第一 級 價格歧視first order condition 一階

16、條件fixed costs 固定成本fixed input 固定投入fixed proportions production function 固 定 比例的生產(chǎn)函數(shù)flow 流量fluctuation 波動for whom to produce 為誰生產(chǎn)free entry自 由進(jìn)入free goods自由品，免費(fèi)品free mobility of resources 資源自 由流動free rider搭便車，免費(fèi)搭車function 函數(shù)future value 未來值Ggame theory對策論、博弈論general equilibrium 總體均衡general goodL 般商品G

17、ini coefficient 吉尼系數(shù)goldenrule黃金規(guī)貝Ugoods貨物government failure 政府失敗government regulation 政府調(diào)控grand utility possibility curve 總效用可能曲線 grand utility possibility frontier 總效用可能前沿Hheterogeneous produc 異質(zhì)產(chǎn)品 homogeneity 齊次性 homogeneous demand function 次 需求函 數(shù)homogeneous produc祠質(zhì)產(chǎn)品homogeneous production func

18、tion 齊 次 生 產(chǎn) 函數(shù)horizontal summation 水平和 household 家庭 how to produce 如何生產(chǎn) human capital 人力資本 hypothesis 假說I identity 恒等式 imperfect competion 不完全競爭 implicitcost 隱性成本 income收入income compensated demand curve income co nstraint收入約束income consumption curve 收入消費(fèi)曲線 income distribution 收入分配 income effect收入效應(yīng)

19、income elasticity of demand 需求收入彈性 increasing cost industry 成本遞增產(chǎn)業(yè) increasing returns to scaled 模報酬遞增 inefficiency 缺乏效率 index number 指數(shù) indifference 無差異 indifference curve 無差異曲線 indifference map 無差異族 indifference relation 無差異關(guān)系 indifference set 無差異集 indirect approach 間接法 individual analysis 個量分析indi

20、vidual demand curve 個人需求曲線 individual demand function 個人需求函數(shù) induced variable 弓 I 致變量 induction 歸納法 industry 產(chǎn)業(yè) industry equilibrium 產(chǎn)業(yè)均衡 industry supply curve 產(chǎn)業(yè)供給曲線 inelastic缺乏彈性的 inferior goods 劣品 inflection point 拐點(diǎn) information 信息 information cost 信息成本 initial condition 初始條件 initial endowment 初始

21、稟賦 innovation 創(chuàng)新 input 投入 input output 投入 產(chǎn)出 institution 制度institutional economics 制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)insurance 保險intercept 截距interest 禾 ij 息interest rate 利息率intermediate goods 中間產(chǎn)品internatization of externalities 外部性內(nèi)部化invention 發(fā)明inverse demand function 逆需求函數(shù) investment 投資invisible hand 看不見的手isocost line 等成本線，i

22、soprofit curve 等利潤曲線isoquant curve等產(chǎn)量曲線isoquant map等產(chǎn)量族Llabour 勞動labour demand勞動需求labour supply勞動供給labour theory of value 勞動價值論labour unions工會laissez faire自 由放任land 土地law 法則law of demand and supply 供需法law of diminishing marginal rate of technical s ubstitution 邊際技術(shù)替代率law of increasing cost 成本遞增法則law

23、 of one price單一價格法貝Uleader follower model 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者 -跟隨者模型least- cost combination of inputs 最彳氐成本的投入組合leisure閑暇Leontief production function 列 昂 節(jié) 夫 生 產(chǎn)函數(shù) licenses許可證linear demand function 線性需求函數(shù)linear homogeneity 線性齊次性linear homogeneous production function 線 性齊次生產(chǎn)函數(shù)long run 長期long run average cos脹期平均成本lon

24、g run equilibrium 長期均衡long run industry supply curve 長期產(chǎn)業(yè)供給 曲線 long run marginal cost長期邊際成本 long run total cost 長期總成本Lorenz curve洛倫茲曲線loss minimization 損失極小化lump sum tax一次性征稅luxury 奢侈品Mmacroeconomics 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) marginal 邊際的marginal benefit 邊際收益marginal cost邊際成本marginal cost pricing 邊際成本定價marginal cost of

25、 factor 邊際要素成本marginal period 市場期marginal physical productivity 實際實物生產(chǎn)率 marginal product邊際產(chǎn)量marginal product of capital 資本的邊際產(chǎn)量 marginal product of labour 勞動的邊際產(chǎn)量 marginal productivity 邊際生產(chǎn)率marginal rate of substitution 邊替代率marginal rate of transformation 邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率 marginal returns 邊際回報.marginal revenue

26、 邊際收益marginal revenue produc砂際收益產(chǎn)品marginal revolution 邊際革命marginal social benefit 社會邊際收益 marginal social cost社會邊際成本 marginal utility 邊際效用marginal value products 邊際價值產(chǎn)品 market 市場market clearance市場結(jié)清，市場洗清 market demand市場需求market economy 市場經(jīng)濟(jì)market equilibrium 市場均衡market failure 市場失敗market mechanism 市場

27、機(jī)制market structure 市場結(jié)構(gòu)market separation市場分害 Umarket regulation 市場調(diào)節(jié) market share市場份額 markup pricing 加減定價法 maximization 極大化microeconomics 微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) minimum wage 最低工資 misallocation of resources 資源誤置 mixed economy混合經(jīng)濟(jì)model 模型 money 貨幣monopolistic competition 壟斷競爭monopolistic exploitation 壟斷剝削monopoly 壟斷，賣

28、方壟斷monopoly equilibrium 壟斷均衡monopoly pricing 壟斷定價monopoly regulation 壟斷調(diào)控monopoly rents 壟斷租金 monopsony買方壟斷NNash equilibrium 納什均衡 Natural monopoly 自然壟斷 Natural resources 自然資源 Necessary condition必要條件 necessities! net demand凈需求 nonconvex preference!匕凸性偏好 nonconvexity 非凸性 nonexclusion 非排斥性 nonlinear pri

29、cing 非線性定價 nonrivalry 非對抗性 nonprice competition 非價格競爭 nonsatiation 非飽和性non-zero sum game 非零和對策 normal goods 正常品normal profit 正常利潤normative economics 規(guī)范經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Oobjective function 目標(biāo)函數(shù)oligopoly 寡頭壟斷oligopoly market 寡頭市場 oligopoly model 寡頭模型 opportunity cost 機(jī)會成本 optimal choice 最佳選擇optimal consumption bund

30、le 消費(fèi)束perfect elasticity 完全有彈性optimal resource allocation 最佳資源配置 optimal scale最佳規(guī)模optimal solution 最優(yōu)解 optimization 優(yōu)化ordering of optimization(social) preference ( 社會)偏好排序ordinal utility 序數(shù)效用ordinary goods一般品output 產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)出output elasticity 產(chǎn)出彈性output maximization 產(chǎn)出極大化Pparameter 參數(shù)partial derivative 偏

31、導(dǎo)數(shù) partial equilibrium 局部均衡 patent專利pay off matrix 收益矩陣、支付矩陣perceived demand curv撼覺至U的需求曲線 perfect competition 完全競爭perfect complement 完全互補(bǔ)品 perfect monopoly 完全壟斷perfect price discrimination 完全價格歧視perfect substitution 完全替代品perfect inelasticity 完全無彈性perfectly elastic 完全有彈性perfectly inelastic 完全無彈性plan

32、t size工廠規(guī)模point elasticity 點(diǎn)彈性positive economics 實證經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)prediction 預(yù)測preference 偏好preference relation 偏好關(guān)系present valueW值price 價格price adjustment model 價格調(diào)整模型price ceiling 最高限價price consumption curve 價格費(fèi)曲線price control 價格管制price difference 價格差另 Uprice discrimination 價格歧視price elasticity of demand 需求價格

33、彈性price elasticity of supply 供給價格彈性price floor 最低限價price maker價格制定者price rigidity 價格剛性price seeker價格搜求者price taker 價格接受者price tax從價稅private benefit 私人收益principal-agent issuesgl 托一代理問題private cost私人成本private goods私人用品private property 私人財產(chǎn)producer equilibrium 生產(chǎn)者均衡producer theory生產(chǎn)者理論product 產(chǎn)品product

34、 transformation curve 產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)換曲線product differentiation 產(chǎn)品差異product group產(chǎn)品集團(tuán)production 生產(chǎn)production contract curve 生產(chǎn)契約曲線production efficiency 生產(chǎn)效率production function 生產(chǎn)函數(shù)production possibility curve 生產(chǎn)可能性曲線productivity 生產(chǎn)率productivity of capital 資本生產(chǎn)率productivity of labor 勞動生產(chǎn)率profit 利潤profit function

35、 利潤函數(shù)profit maximization 利潤極大化property rights 產(chǎn)權(quán)property rights economics 產(chǎn)權(quán)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)proposition 定理proportional demand curve 成比例的需求曲線 public benefits 公共收益public choice 公共選擇public goods 公共商品pure competition 純粹競爭rivalry 對抗性、競爭pure exchange屯交換pure monopoly純粹壟斷Qquantity adjustment model 數(shù)量調(diào)整模型quantity tax 從量稅

36、quasi-rent 準(zhǔn)租金Rrate of product transformation 產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)換率rationality 理性reaction function 反應(yīng)函數(shù)regulation 調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)控relative price 相對價格rent租金rent control 規(guī)模報酬rent seeking 尋租rent seeking economicsi1租經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)resource 資源resource allocation 資源配置returns報_酬、回報.returns to scale規(guī)模報酬revealed preference 示性偏好revenue 收益revenue curve收益曲線revenue function 收益函數(shù)revenue maximization 收益極大化ridge line 脊線 risk 風(fēng)險Ssatiation飽和，滿足