小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法集錦

1、知識(shí)點(diǎn)二:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (2-“out of” 用法. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)十:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (10-In的用法. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)四:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (4-As的用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)一:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (1-go的用法 “ 三點(diǎn)談 ”知識(shí)點(diǎn)五:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (5-Happen 用法小結(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)六:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (6-call用法小結(jié)小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (13-動(dòng)詞 like 的常見用法小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (15-have的用法小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (14-英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后加 Ving 形式知識(shí)點(diǎn)七:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (7-沒有比較級(jí)的形容詞和副詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)八:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (8-形容詞、副詞及比較級(jí)最高級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)九:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (9-形容詞

2、比較級(jí)用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)三:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (3-區(qū)分 where , which , that , who , whose , what 的用法16小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (16-in, put on, wear , dress, have on, pull on 用法 辨析12小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (12-反意疑問句練習(xí)11小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (11-規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式及發(fā)音17小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (17-服飾常用英語(yǔ)單詞1. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)一:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (1-go的用法 “ 三點(diǎn)談 ”大家都知道單詞 go 的基本含義是 “ 去 ” ,根據(jù)它的基本用法,我們可以從三個(gè)方面加 以總結(jié)。請(qǐng)看:一、 go 與 to 一起構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞

3、短語(yǔ),后接地點(diǎn)名詞,表示 “ 去 ” 。如: go to the playground去操場(chǎng)go to school去上學(xué)go to the park去公園go to Beijing去北京二、 go 后接表示地點(diǎn)的副詞,表示 “ 去 ” 。如:go there去那兒go home回家三、 go 后接動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式,表示 “ 去做 ” 。如:go shopping去購(gòu)物go swimming去游泳go fishing去釣魚go hiking去徒步旅行2. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)二:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (2-“out of” 用法在下列兩個(gè)句子中, out of的意思截然不同:Is honesty going

4、 out of style?Are these just two stories out of many?在 “ 難道誠(chéng)實(shí)正在變得不合時(shí)宜了嗎 ? ” 中, out of表示 “ 跟不上 ” , “ 脫離 ” 的意思 ; 在 “ 這些 僅是許多故事中的兩個(gè)嗎 ? ” 一句中, out of表示部分關(guān)系。在短語(yǔ)介詞中, out of 表示的意思很多,其用法也頗為復(fù)雜。靈活地、有規(guī)律地掌握 其用法,對(duì)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)大有裨益,現(xiàn)將其用法歸納如下:1. 表示地點(diǎn) (從里向外 Fish can not live out of water.魚離開了水就不能活。This animal is not found o

5、ut of certain areas in Africa.這種動(dòng)物只在非洲某些地區(qū) 有。 (在非洲的某些地區(qū)之外,是沒有這種動(dòng)物的。 This plant is situated only five miles out of the city.那個(gè)工廠離市區(qū)僅五英里。 2. 表示動(dòng)作或運(yùn)動(dòng)的方向As we pulled out of the garage, I saw the gun pointing against the carwindow.當(dāng)我們把車開出車庫(kù)時(shí),我看見那支槍頂住了車窗玻璃。They walked out of the supermarket.他們走出了超級(jí)市場(chǎng)。3. 表

6、示部分關(guān)系This will happen in nine cases out of ten.這種情況十之八九會(huì)發(fā)生。This is but one instance out of many.那只不過是許多例子中的一個(gè)而已。4. 表示 “ 在 范圍以外 ” , “ 越出 界限之外 ”The ship is out of sight.船已看不見了。They sang out of tune.他們唱得走了調(diào)。This plan is out of the ordinary.這是一個(gè)非凡的計(jì)劃。5. 表示 “ 出于 動(dòng)機(jī) ” , “ 由于 原因 ”The traffic accident was o

7、ut of carelessness in driving.這起交通事故是由于粗心駕 駛所致。The treatment of the topic is out of necessity much condensed.由于需要,關(guān)于 這個(gè)問題的闡述已大加壓縮。6. 表示竭盡和缺乏We are out of tea.我們的茶葉用完了。This book is out of print.這本書絕版了。That novel is out of stock.那本小說脫銷了。7. 表示材料或來源He made the box out of old planks.他用舊木板做了箱子。This paragr

8、aph is out of Marx's works in the original.這一段引自馬克思原著。 8. 與某些動(dòng)詞連用,表示 “ 放棄 ” , “ 喪失 ”He talked his wife out of buying a new bicycle.他說服他的妻子不要買新自行車。I couldn't persuade him out of the resolution.我沒能說服他改變決心。另外, out of與其他詞可以構(gòu)成許多非常有用的、常見的固定詞組,這些詞組有:out of accord with(與 不一致 ; 同 不協(xié)調(diào) , out of action(

9、失去作用,停止運(yùn)動(dòng) , out of all relation to(和 毫無(wú)關(guān)系 , out of balance(失去平衡 , out of breath(上氣不接 下氣 , out of character(不相稱, 不適當(dāng) , out of control(失去控制 , out of date(過時(shí) , out of doubt(確定無(wú)疑 , out of fashion(不合時(shí)尚 , out of gear(脫節(jié),失調(diào) , out of harmony(不和諧 , out of kindness(出于好意 , out of necessity(出于必要 , out oforder(不

10、整齊,次序顛倒 , out of one's power(力所不及 , out of place(不適當(dāng),不相 稱 , out of question(毫無(wú)疑問 , out of the question(不可能,成問題 out of shape(變 形 , out of step(失調(diào), 不同步 , out of sympathy with(出于對(duì) 的同情 , out of touch with(與 脫離接觸 , out of true(不誠(chéng)實(shí),不準(zhǔn)確 , out of work(失業(yè) 等。3. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)三:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (3-區(qū)分 where , which , that , wh

11、o , whose , what 的用法3.用來說明主句中某一名詞或代詞 (有時(shí)也可說明整個(gè)主句或主句中一部分 而起定語(yǔ)作 用的句子叫作定語(yǔ)從句。一 . 詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1. 關(guān)系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞句子成分 用于限制從句或非限制性從句 只用于限制性從句代替人 代替物 代替人或物主語(yǔ) Who which that主語(yǔ) Whom which that賓語(yǔ) Whose(=of whom whose(=of which例 1:This is the detective who came from London.例 2:The book which I am reading is w

12、ritten by Tomas Hardy.例 3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例 4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2. 關(guān)系代詞的用法(1 如果先行詞是 all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用 that ,不用 which 。例如:All the people that are present burst into tears.(2 如果先等詞被形容詞最高

13、級(jí)以及 first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常用 that, 不用 which, who,或 whom 。例如:(3 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,不能用關(guān)系代詞 that, 作賓語(yǔ)用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例 如:There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom 、 are well educated.(4 which還有一種特殊用法,它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句,代替主句所表示 的整體概念或部分概念。 在這種從句

14、中, which 可以作主語(yǔ), 也可以作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ), 多數(shù)情 況下意思是與 and this 相似,并可以指人。例如:He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.(5 that可指人或物,在從句中作表語(yǔ), (指人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)多用 who 僅用于限制性定語(yǔ)從 句中。(6 which可作表語(yǔ),既可指人,以可指物。指人時(shí),一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有種特 征 . 品性或才能的人。 Which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。 (7 如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體, 關(guān)系代詞用 which; 若是

15、指集體中的各 個(gè)成員,則用 who 。(8 先行詞有兩個(gè),一個(gè)指人,一個(gè)指物,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 that 。例如:The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.(9 如果先行詞是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 who 或 whom ,不用 which 。例如:Is there anyone here who will go with you?3. “ 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 “ 是一個(gè)普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)(1 “ 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 “ 可

16、以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 “ 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 “ 結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等,關(guān) 系代詞只可用 whom 或 which, 不可用 that 。(2 from where為 “ 介詞 +關(guān)系副詞 “ 結(jié)構(gòu),但也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。例如:We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town.(3 像 listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, ta

17、ke care of等固定短語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不宜將介詞與動(dòng)詞分開。例如:This is the boy whom she has taken care of.二 . 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1. 關(guān)系副詞也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞在從句中分別表示時(shí)間 . 地點(diǎn)或原因。 關(guān)系副詞 when 在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), where 充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ), why 充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)。2. that可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間 . 地點(diǎn)或原因That 有時(shí)可以代替關(guān)系副詞 when, where 或者 why 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間 . 地點(diǎn)或 原因,在 that 引導(dǎo)的這種定語(yǔ)從句中, that 也可以省去。三 .

18、 限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1. 二者差異比較限制定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞, 同先行詞這間一般不加逗號(hào), 僅修飾先行詞, 可以由關(guān)系代 詞 . 關(guān)系副詞或 that 來引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句僅作補(bǔ)充或說明,用逗號(hào)與主句隔開,既可 修飾先行詞,又可修飾整個(gè)主句,不可用 that 引導(dǎo)。2. 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù)(1 弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分 , 作狀語(yǔ)的應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞,作主語(yǔ) . 賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的可選用關(guān)系代詞。3. 先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句隔離定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后, 但定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間有時(shí)也會(huì)插入別的成分, 構(gòu) 成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的隔離。例如:1 This is the

19、 article written by him that Is poke to you about.2 He was the only person in this country who was invited四 .As 在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法1. 引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(1as多與 such 或 the same連用,可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。(2as 也可單獨(dú)使用,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,作用相當(dāng)于 which 。例如:The elephant s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.(3the same that與 the sa

20、me as 在意思上是不同的。2.As 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的位置as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句位置較靈活,可以位于主句前面 . 中間或后面,一般用逗號(hào) 與主句隔開,但 which 所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。例如:(1 As is expected, the England team won the football match.(2 The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.4. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)四:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (4-As的用法4.一、作副詞,意為 “ 相同地 ” , “ 同樣地 ” 。例如:They don t

21、have as many airplanes. 他們沒有同樣多的飛機(jī)。二、作連詞,1. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句as 與 when , while 都是引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞,含義都是 " 當(dāng) 的時(shí)候 " 。但 它們有區(qū)別 :(1. when 作 “ 當(dāng) 的時(shí)候 ” 解,可以指較短的 (一點(diǎn) 時(shí)間 , 也可指一段時(shí)間。從句的動(dòng) 作可以與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,也可以先于主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。例如 :John was having his dinner when I saw him. 當(dāng)我看到約翰的時(shí)候,他正在吃飯。 She can write only when the baby is

22、asleep. 只有嬰兒睡著的時(shí)候,她才能寫作。 (2. while常表示一段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間或一個(gè)過程,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí) 發(fā)生或在從句動(dòng)作過程中發(fā)生。例如 :We must strike while the iron is hot. 要趁熱打鐵。While we were reading, the teacher came in. 我們正在讀書的時(shí)候, 老師走了進(jìn)來。 (3. 但屬下列情形時(shí),只用 as, 而不用 when 或 while 。 用于表示同一個(gè)人的兩種動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行 , 指 “ 一邊 , 一邊 ” 。例如 :The girl dances as she sings o

23、n the stage.那個(gè)女孩在舞臺(tái)邊唱歌邊跳舞。He looked behind from time to time as he went forward. 當(dāng)他朝前走時(shí),不時(shí)地 向后看。 表示兩個(gè)同步發(fā)展的動(dòng)作或行為 , 譯為 “ 隨著 ” 。例如 :As time went on / by, she became more and more worried. 隨著時(shí)間的流逝,她 變得越來越焦慮。As he grew older, he became more intelligent. 隨著他年齡的增長(zhǎng),他變得更有才 智了。 表示兩個(gè)短促行為或事件幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。例如 :I thought

24、 of it just as you opened your mouth. 恰好在你開口時(shí),我想到了它。 Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry. 恰巧在飛蟲撞到她臉上 時(shí),她大哭起來。2. 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句as , because , since 都可以表示因果關(guān)系,連接原因狀語(yǔ)從句,含義是 “ 因?yàn)?由于 ” , 但它們有區(qū)別:because 表示的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng) ;as 一般放在句首,語(yǔ)氣較弱,較口語(yǔ)化 ;since 常 常用在書面語(yǔ)中,表示多為對(duì)方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因,有時(shí)可譯作 “ 既然 ” 。 例如:

25、I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。Since many of the customers work during the day, Billy has to collect themoney at night. 因?yàn)樵S多顧客白天上班 , 所以畢利只好晚上去收錢。As she has been ill perhaps she'll need some help. 她由于生病可能需要些幫助。 3. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句as 與 although (或 though , however (或 no matter how等都可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從 句,含義是

26、 “ 雖然,盡管 ” ,但它們有區(qū)別:although 語(yǔ)氣稍正式些,可放在句首,也可放 在句中,主句中不能再用 but ,但可以用 yet;as 所表示的語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 用倒裝語(yǔ)序 ;however 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 它的后面可跟形容詞或副詞, 也要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 例如:Although they are poor they are happy. 雖然他們很窮,但很快樂。Angry as he was, he managed to speak calmly. 雖然他很生氣, 但是他講話很平靜。 However hard the question is, he can answ

27、er it. 不管問題有多難他都能回答。 注意:當(dāng) as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),句子的倒裝語(yǔ)序有以下三種形式:(1. 形容詞或副詞 +as+主語(yǔ) +連系動(dòng)詞 be 或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞。例如:Rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes. 雖然他很富有,但他從不花一分 錢在衣服上。Much as I admire his courage, I don t think he acted wisely. 我雖然佩服他的勇 氣,但我認(rèn)為他這樣做是不聰明的。(2. 名詞 +as+主語(yǔ) +連系動(dòng)詞 be (注意句首的名詞不帶冠詞 。例如:Child as he i

28、s, he knows a lot. 盡管他是個(gè)孩子,但懂很多事情。Boy as he was, he was chosen king. 盡管他還是個(gè)孩子,但卻被立為國(guó)王。 (3. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 +as+主語(yǔ) +助動(dòng)詞 如果沒有助動(dòng)詞,則要加上一個(gè) do(does或 did。 例如:Try as he may, he never succeeds. 盡管他很努力,但總是不成功。Change your mind as you will, you will gain no additional support. 即使你改變 主意,你也不會(huì)得到另外的支持。4. 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,意為 “ 如 ” , “

29、 像 ” , “ 按照 的方式 ” 。如 :I want you to tell my friend your very interesting experience exactly as you have told it to me. 我想讓你像給我講述的那樣,給我的朋友講一講你那段極其有趣的經(jīng)歷。 Remember, you must do everything as I do. 記住,你必須按照我做的那樣做一切。 注意:like 在非正式語(yǔ)體中可以有與 as 相同的用法。如:I can t sing like I used to.我不能像以前那樣唱歌了。He writes just li

30、ke his brother did when he was young. 他現(xiàn)在寫文章正像他哥哥 年輕時(shí)寫文章一樣。5. 引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句 , 用于 “ as.as. 或 not so/ as.as.” 中 , 前一個(gè) as 是副詞 , 后一個(gè) as 是連詞,意為 “ 如 (不如 一樣 ” 。如 :(1. You hate her as much as I (=as I hate her.(2. I don't speak English so/ as well as he does.注意:句中連詞 as 后面的代詞實(shí)際是省略了與主句相同的部分,即例 (1可以寫成 You hate

31、her as much as I hate her. 如果很明顯就能看出所省略的部分,意義不會(huì)含糊不清 時(shí), 在口語(yǔ)中也可以用代詞的賓格形式。 例:At your age you can t expect to play football as well as me (= as I do.但例 (1就不能改 I 為 me ,改后意思就變?yōu)?You hate her as much as you hate me. 你恨她像恨我一樣深 ; 而原句的意思為:你恨她像我恨她一樣深。 三、作代詞as 作關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞 as 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 既可以單獨(dú)使用, 也可以與其他詞連用, 其用法要比 t

32、hat 和 which 更為復(fù)雜。1. as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句與其他詞連用(1. 用于 the same.as結(jié)構(gòu)中This is the same watch as I have lost. 這塊手表跟我丟失的那塊一樣。(2. 用于 such.as 結(jié)構(gòu)中I don t like such novels as you recommend. 我不喜歡你推薦的那些小說。 (3. 用于 "so +adj. + a/an + n. (單數(shù) + as "結(jié)構(gòu)中I am not so strong a man as I was. 我已經(jīng)沒有從前那么強(qiáng)壯了。2. as單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句as 單

33、獨(dú)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),先行詞可以是一個(gè)詞,也可以是一個(gè)句子或短語(yǔ)。例如:(1 She is late, as is often the case. 她遲到了,這是經(jīng)常的事。 (先行詞是整個(gè)主句 (2 To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish. 對(duì)事實(shí)視而不見 -你 們好多人都是如此的愚蠢。 (先行詞是不定式短語(yǔ) 注意 1:(1. 當(dāng) as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句位于具有否定意義的主句之前時(shí), as 從句所修飾的 范圍是整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容,也就是說,把否定意義也包括在內(nèi)。例如:As has been said above, grammar

34、 is not a set of dead rules. 正如前面所說,語(yǔ)法 不是一套死條文。(2. 當(dāng) as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句位于具有否定意義的主句之后時(shí), as 從句所修飾的范圍不包 括否定意義。例如:Spiders are not insects, as many people think. = Spiders are not insects. But many people think they are. 許多人認(rèn)為蜘蛛是昆蟲,但蜘蛛并不是昆蟲。(3. 當(dāng) as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句位于具有否定意義的主句中間時(shí), as 從句所修飾的范圍也不 包括否定意義。例如:She did not, as

35、her friend had feared, open the case. 她沒有打開盒子,而她的朋 友就是怕她當(dāng)面打開盒子。注意 2: 當(dāng)修飾句子的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句位于句尾時(shí), as 可以用 which 來替代。例如: I live a long way from work, as (which you know. 我住得離工作單位很遠(yuǎn),這你是 知道的。但是,當(dāng) as 從句位于句首或句中是, as 就不能用 which 來替代了。例如:As you will find out, I will never let you down. 你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),我絕不會(huì)使你失望的。 Taiwan is, as

36、 you know, an inseparable part of China. 你們知道,臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)不可 分割的一部分。此外,如果主句為否定句,則位于句末和句中的 as 從句所修飾的范圍并不包括主句的 否定意義,此時(shí), as 也不能用 while 來替代。例如:Greenland was not a continent, as people thought. 格陵蘭并不像人們所想象的那 樣是一個(gè)大陸。四、作介詞,1. 表示 “ 好像 (某人 ” ,例如 :They entered the building disguised as cleaners. 他們化裝成清潔工人的模樣進(jìn)入 大樓。2.

37、 表示 “ 作為,當(dāng)作 ” ,例如:I found a job as a teacher. 我找了一份教師的工作。3. 表示 “ 當(dāng)某人是 (某身份 時(shí)。例如:As a child, she was sent to three different countries. 她兒時(shí)去過三個(gè)不同的國(guó)家。 4. 表示 “ 因某人是 (某身份 ” ,例如:As her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence. 他是她的私人 秘書,能接觸到她所有的信件。注意 1:as 引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)大多用作狀語(yǔ), as 譯為 " 作為 &

38、quot; ,少數(shù)情況可引起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足 語(yǔ)。例如 :As a Party member, I'll take the lead in everything. (狀語(yǔ) She works as a nurse. (狀語(yǔ) Tom has me as one of his best friends. (引起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 注意 2:as 和 like 都可以作介詞,但意義不同。 as 表示 “ 以實(shí)際的身份或地位 ” 。 like 則表示 “ 與 相似,以與 相類似的方式 ” 。例如:(1. He spoke as a teacher.(2. He spoke like a teacher.句 (

39、1的意思是:“ 他作為老師發(fā)言 ” 或 “ 他以老師的身份發(fā)言 ” 。句 (2的意思是:“ 他講話 很像是老師 ” 。五、用于一些固定搭配1. as good as差不多,幾乎Don t worry, the matter s as good as settled. 別擔(dān)心,問題差不多已經(jīng)解決了。 When the car was repaired, it looked as good as new. 這輛汽車修理好的時(shí)候,看 起來差不多就像新的一樣。2. as if /as though 似乎 ; 好像He behaved as if nothing had happened. 他裝著若無(wú)其

40、事的樣子。She treats him as though he was her own son. 她待他好像待自己的兒子一樣。 另外, as if可以接一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。例如:He waved his hand to me as if to have something to tell me. 他向我揮手好像有 什么要告訴我。3. as well as 同 (一樣也 ; 和 ; 還Joan can speak Chinese as well as English. 瓊能講英語(yǔ)還能講漢語(yǔ)。He spent all his money, as well as wasting his time.

41、 他不僅浪費(fèi)了時(shí)間,還花光了 他所有的錢。4. such.as, such as 像 這樣的I bought a lot of fruits, such as apples, oranges, bananas and so on. 我買了許多 種水果,像蘋果,桔子,香蕉等。We had such books as you never saw. 我們有一些你從未看過的書。5. as for 至于某人 (某事物 We had a delightful weekend in the country. As for the traffic, we had no difficulty. 在鄉(xiāng)下我們度過了

42、一個(gè)愉快的周末。至于交通,我們沒遇到任何困難。 6. as to 關(guān)于某事物 ; 提到某事物I don't know anything as to the others. 至于其他,我一無(wú)所知。7. so as to . 以便 , 為了Students should take notes so as to make revision easier. 學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)記筆記,以便 容易復(fù)習(xí)。8. as a matter of fact 其實(shí) ; 實(shí)際上As a matter of fact, I m very fond of housework. 其實(shí),我很喜歡做家務(wù)。9. as a resul

43、t 結(jié)果 (發(fā)生某種情況 As a result, he had been given an excellent job. 結(jié)果, 他得到了一份極好的工作。 10. as long as 只要You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back. 只要你答應(yīng)歸 還,你就可以把這書借走?？傊?通過以上的分析,我們對(duì) as 的詞性和用法有了比較全面的理解和把握,才能在 實(shí)際的運(yùn)用中做到心中有數(shù),應(yīng)付自如。鞏固練習(xí)1. She had a tense expression on her face, _she were expe

44、cting trouble. A. even though B. even as C. as though D. now that2. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _was to be expected.A. that B. what C. so D. as3. _might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. A. As B. That C. It D. What4. Americans eat _as they actually nee

45、d every day.A. twice as much protein B. twice protein as muchC. twice protein as much D. protein as twice much5. The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn't bothered by his loudness _by his lack of talent.A. than B. more than C. as D. so much as6. Studies show that the things that contri

46、bute most to a sense of happinesscannot be bought, _a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction. A. as for B. in view of C. in case of D. such as7. _he works hard, I don't mind when he finishes the experiment. A. As soon as B. So far as C. As well as D. As long as8. _the danger from ene

47、my action, people had to cope with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel and almost everything.A. As long as B. As far as C. As soon as D. As well asKey: 1-5 CDAAD 6-8 DDD高考真題直練1. It is generally believed that teaching is _it is a science.A. an art much as B. much an art asC. as an art much as D

48、. as much an art as2. She doesn't speak _her friend, but her written work is excellent.A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as3. The piano in the other shop will be _, but _.A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good4

49、. After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for _an hour, thinking of her young and happy days.A. as long as B. as soon as C. as much as D. as many as5. With the help of the German experts, the factory produced _ cars in 1993 as the year before.A. as twice many B. as many as twiceC. as

50、twice as many D. twice as many6. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced_ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as7. _, he doesn't study well.A. As he is clever B. He is as clever C. Clever as he is D. As clever

51、he is8. _, he was unable to make much progress.A. Hard as he try B. Hard as he triedC. As he tried hard D. He tried hard9. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job.A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to10. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if i

52、t _.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken11. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What12. _ is known to all, China will be an _ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years' time.A. That; advancing B. This; advanced C. As

53、; advanced D. It; advancing13. He doesn't believe _things _ you do.A. the same; as B. the same; with C. as same; as D. as same; with14. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. ItKey: 1-5 DACAD 6-10 CCBBC 11-14 BCAB5. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)五:小升

54、初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (5-Happen 用法小結(jié)5.生活中什么事都可能會(huì) “ 發(fā)生 (happen” 。那么,你知道怎樣使用 happen 這個(gè)詞嗎 ? 下面 我們就對(duì) happen 的用法作一小結(jié)。happen 是不及物動(dòng)詞,它的用法常見的有如下幾種情況:1. 表示 “ 某地 (某時(shí) 發(fā)生了什么事 ” , 常用 “ sth.+ happen +地點(diǎn) /時(shí)間 ” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá), 此時(shí)主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是事情。例如:The story happened in 2003. 這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在 2003年。An accident happened in that street. 那條街上發(fā)生了一起事故。2. 表示 “ 某

55、人出了某事 (常指不好的事 ” , 要用 “ sth.+ happen+to sb.” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。 例如:A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她發(fā)生了交通事故。 What happened to you? 你怎么啦 ?3. 表示 “ 某人碰巧做某事 ” ,要用 “ sb.+ happen+ to do sth.” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。例如: I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇 到了我的一個(gè)朋友。4. happen表示 “ 碰巧

56、或恰巧發(fā)生某事 ” 時(shí),還可用 “ It happens / happened that.” 這 一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。例如:It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. 碰巧那天布萊恩和彼得 在家了。It happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afternoon. 碰巧那天下午 他不得不參加一個(gè)會(huì)議。注:that 從句中的主語(yǔ)是人時(shí), 此種結(jié)構(gòu)可以與 “ sb.+ happen + to do sth.” 結(jié)構(gòu)互換。 例如:It happened that Brian

57、and Peter were at home that day. = Brian and Peter happened to be at home that day.6. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)六:小升初必會(huì)語(yǔ)法 (6-call 用法小結(jié)1.call 用法小結(jié)call 既可用作動(dòng)詞 , 又可用作名詞 ? call 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí) , 既可作及物動(dòng)詞用 , 也可 作不及物動(dòng)詞用 ? 現(xiàn)對(duì)其用法作一簡(jiǎn)單歸納 :一 . 用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)有以下意義 :1. 叫 ; 呼喚 ; 叫來 ? 例如 :Call a doctor at once. 快點(diǎn)叫個(gè)醫(yī)生來 ?I called you but you didnt hear me. 我喊你 , 但你卻沒聽見 ?Call a taxi for me. 幫我叫輛出租車 ?2. 稱 (某人 為,取名 ? 例如 :His friends call him Bob.