高二英語(yǔ)下(Unit6.Problemsandsolutions基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理)

1、教師輔導(dǎo)講義輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ)年 級(jí)：高二課時(shí)數(shù)：3課題Unit 6. Problems and solutions 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.使學(xué)生能夠基本掌握unit1中的基礎(chǔ)詞匯及其拓展用法；2.幫助學(xué)生梳理課文中的一些重點(diǎn)句型，并且會(huì)做一些基礎(chǔ)的單選題。教學(xué)內(nèi)容Stepl: Greetings & Free talkIs there something interesting or important this week?Step2: Homework checking & RevisionStep3:知識(shí)梳理I. Key Words重點(diǎn)單詞1. cosmetics n. usually p

2、l.化妝品e. g. Lipstick and hair conditioner are cosmetics. 口紅和護(hù)發(fā)素者B是化妝品。2. persuasive adj.有說(shuō)服力的；令人信服的e. g. The argument he presented was so persuasive that the manager agreed to reconsider his proposal.他的理由很有說(shuō)服力，所以經(jīng)理同意重新考慮他的提議?！局R(shí)拓展】persuadev.說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)【常用搭配】persuade sb to do stht服某人做某事persuade sb into doin

3、g sth說(shuō)服某人做某事persuade sb out of sth/doing sth 勸阻某人不要（做）e. g. She persuaded me to take part in the English competition.=She persuaded me into taking part in the English competition. 她說(shuō)服我參力口英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽。We persuaded him out of his foolish plan.我們勸說(shuō)他放棄了那個(gè)愚蠢的計(jì)劃。3. advertisingn.做廣告；廣告業(yè)e. g. Cigarette advertising

4、should be banned.應(yīng)該禁止香煙的廣告業(yè)務(wù)。4. campaign n.運(yùn)動(dòng)e. g. There is a campaign against smoking in the city.該市正在進(jìn)行場(chǎng)禁煙運(yùn)動(dòng)。The old ladys son died in a campaign during the World War n .老太太的兒子在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中喪身。【知識(shí)拓展】v.參加運(yùn)動(dòng)e. g. She spent her whole life campaigning for womens rights. 她畢生致力于女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)。5. anti -ageing adj.

5、抗衰老的e. g. I wonder whether these anti -ageing cosmetics are really effective.我想知道這些抗衰老的化妝品是否真的有效。Our website provides ladies with many practical anti -ageing strategies.我們的網(wǎng)站為女士們提供很多實(shí)用的抗衰老策略?！局R(shí)拓展】前綴anti-表示反對(duì)、排斥如：anti- spam反垃圾郵件anti-hacker反電腦黑客6. present v.贈(zèng)送；呈現(xiàn)；弓I見(jiàn)e. g. The old couple presented a b

6、ig sum of money to the school where they had studied.這對(duì)老夫婦向他們求學(xué)過(guò)的學(xué)校贈(zèng)送了一大筆錢(qián)。You should have presented your essay last week.你上周就該把論文交上來(lái)了。Please allow me to present my new friend to you, Tom.湯姆， 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我向你介紹我的新朋友?！局R(shí)拓展】（l）adj./present/出席，在場(chǎng)（可作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)）；現(xiàn)存的，當(dāng)前的（只可作前置定語(yǔ)）e. g. I hope you will be present at my

7、wedding ceremony the day after tomorrow. 我希望你后天能來(lái)參力口我的結(jié)婚典禮。 Obviously, most people present were against the plan.顯然，在場(chǎng)的大多數(shù)人反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。Most students are quite satisfied with the present teaching method applied by the new teacher.大多數(shù)學(xué)生都對(duì)這個(gè)新老師現(xiàn)用的教學(xué)方法很滿意。（2）n./ present/禮物Christmas/birthday present 圣誕/生日禮物7.

8、 packaging n.包裝材料e. g. The packaging for the product was very difficult to open. 這個(gè)產(chǎn)品的包裝很難打開(kāi)。8. double v.（使）加倍；是的兩倍e. g. This year, the sales of the product are double what they were last year.該產(chǎn)品今年的銷(xiāo)售額是去年的兩倍。The birth rate in that area has doubled.那個(gè)地區(qū)的嬰兒出生率已經(jīng)增加了一倍?！局R(shí)拓展】n.兩倍e. g. The production of

9、 this year is the double of that of last year. 今年的產(chǎn)量是去年的兩倍。9. poisonv.使中毒；毒害e. g. The cow drank the water and was poisoned.奶牛喝了 水后中毒了?！局R(shí)拓展】poisonn.毒藥，毒物e. g. Some mushrooms contain deadly poisons.有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。10. blind v.使失明e. g. The man was blinded in the explosion.那名男子在爆炸中雙目失明?！局R(shí)拓展】blind adj.瞎的；盲的

10、e. g. When he was released from the jail, the strong light nearly blinded him.當(dāng)他被釋放出監(jiān)獄的時(shí)候，強(qiáng)烈的光線幾乎使他什么都看不見(jiàn)了。He became blind after a serious car accident.在一次嚴(yán)重車(chē)禍后，他的雙目失明了。11. force -feedv.強(qiáng)迫進(jìn)食e. g. The sick animal refused to eat, and had to be force-fed.那只有病的動(dòng)物不肯進(jìn)食，人們只好給它強(qiáng)制喂食。12. injectionn.注射e. g. Th

11、e morphine was administered by injection 那嗎啡是注射進(jìn)去的。13. drip v.滴入e. g. The machine dripped water and fertilizer onto the plants .那臺(tái)機(jī)器把水和肥料滴到植物上。14. amazing adj.令人驚奇的；令人驚喜的e. g. I find it amazing that you cant swim.你不會(huì)游泳可使我大吃驚。15. unconventional adj.often approving不因循守舊的；新奇的e. g. She leads an unconven

12、tional way of life.她的生活方式很新潮。16. principle n.規(guī)則e. g. Discussing all these details will get us nowhere; we must get back to first principle.討論這些枝節(jié)問(wèn)題是毫無(wú)用處的，我們必須回到基本原則上來(lái)。17. prosper v.繁榮；興旺e. g. Due to his diligence and intelligence, his business soon prospered.由于他勤奮又聰明，他的生意很快就興隆起來(lái)了。 The little company

13、 prospered through good management.由于管理有方，這家小公司興旺發(fā)達(dá)。18. revolution v.改革e. g. Computers have revolutionized many aspects of modern life.計(jì)算機(jī)的運(yùn)用徹底改變了現(xiàn)代生活的方方面面。19. limitationn.局限；缺陷e. g. He knows his limitations.他知道身體能力有限。I know my limitations I cant do what you asked.我不能做你請(qǐng)求我做的事， 因?yàn)槲抑雷约旱牟蛔阒帯?0. recyc

14、lev.回收利用；再利用e. g. Every week, a lorry came by to pick up old magazines and newspapers to be recycled.每個(gè)星期都有一輛貨車(chē)來(lái)運(yùn)走那些將被回收利用的舊雜志和廢報(bào)紙。21. refill v.再裝滿（或灌滿）e. g. The man asked the waiter to refill his glass.那個(gè)人又一次讓服務(wù)員把自己的杯子倒?jié)M。22. unique adj.獨(dú)一無(wú)二的；獨(dú)特的e. g. Every snowflake is unique - no two are the same.

15、每一瓣雪花都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的沒(méi)有兩片相同的雪花。23. remarkably adv.不尋常地；突出地e. g. Remarkably, no one was killed in that terrible storm.令人稱(chēng)奇的是，那場(chǎng)可怕的風(fēng)暴中沒(méi)有人死亡?！局R(shí)拓展】remarkableadj.不尋常的；出類(lèi)拔萃的e. g. His remarkable achievements in science has brought him great honour.他在科學(xué)上的杰出成就給他帶來(lái)了巨大榮譽(yù)。24. alternativeadj.供選擇的e. g. This road was bloc

16、ked, so we had to go by an alternative route.這條路被堵了，所以我們只好走另一條路。Have you got an alternative suggestion? 你有沒(méi)有其他建議？25. global adj.全球的e. g. Our product has won global popularity.我們的產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)贏得了全球性的歡迎。Everyone wishes for global peace.人人者B希望世界和平?！局R(shí)拓展】globe n.球，球體；球狀物the globe地球26. publicity n.公眾的注意；媒體的注意；名聲；

17、宣傳e. g. There is a lot of publicity on his achievements. 他的成就廣受大眾注目。The new book has gained very little publicity, greatly limiting its sales.公眾不太關(guān)注這本新書(shū)，這大大影響了它的銷(xiāo)售。There has been little publicity about the new film.這部新電影沒(méi)有作什么宣傳。27. holdv.舉辦；進(jìn)行e. g. The classmates held a singing competition.同學(xué)們舉行了次歌詠

18、比賽。28. pro-environmentadj.支持保護(hù)環(huán)境的e. g. The company funded research in pro -environment packaging.這家公司資助研究保護(hù)環(huán)境的包裝材料。29. publicize v.宣傳e. g. an advertising campaign to publicize the new train service.為新投入運(yùn)營(yíng)的鐵路路線而開(kāi)展的宣傳活動(dòng)n . Key Expressions 重點(diǎn)詞組1. come true實(shí)現(xiàn)（該詞組為不及物動(dòng)詞詞組，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）e. g. After many years

19、of hard work, his long cherished dream of being a football player came true.經(jīng)過(guò)多年努力，他長(zhǎng)期懷有的想成為一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的夢(mèng)想終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了?！局更c(diǎn)迷津】realize v.（使）實(shí)現(xiàn)（常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）We are sure that you will realize your dream sooner or later.=We are sure that your dream will be realized sooner or later.我們相信， 你的希望遲早會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。n . Key Sentences重難點(diǎn)句子1

20、. It promises that all your dreams will come true if you use a certain type of shampoo or face cream.句中promises后跟賓語(yǔ)從句。promise的其他用法還有：promise to do sth許諾做某事，promise sb to do sth許諾某人做某事。e. g. My father promised to buy me a new bike if l would do well in the coming exam.=My father promised me to buy a

21、new bike if I would do well in the coming exam.爸爸許諾我，如果我在即將到來(lái)的考試中有出色表現(xiàn)的話，他會(huì)給我買(mǎi)一輛新自行車(chē)。2. The products are presented in expensive packaging, often doubling their cost.often doubling their cost是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀況。3. Banning images of beautiful women in her shops, she promoted health, not beauty.banning i

22、mages of beautiful women in her shops 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作原因狀語(yǔ)。e. g. Not wanting to have anything, she just kept on working without dinner.因?yàn)槭裁炊疾幌氤?，所以她沒(méi)有吃晚飯就繼續(xù)工作。I. Key Words重點(diǎn)單詞1. tuben.軟管e. g. Blood flowed along the tube into the bottle.血液沿管子流人瓶中。2. wrappern.包聾芝材料e. g. Please put all your sweet wrappers in t

23、he bin.請(qǐng)把你的糖紙都放進(jìn)垃圾箱里去?！局R(shí)拓展】wrap v.包；裹e. g. Christmas presents were wrapped up in tisuue paper.圣誕禮物者 B 用薄紙裹起來(lái)了。3. transportv.（用交通工具）運(yùn)輸；運(yùn)送e. g. Coal is usually transported by rail from the mines to the power plants. 媒通常經(jīng)由鐵路從煤礦運(yùn)到發(fā)電廠?！局R(shí)拓展】transportationn.運(yùn)輸4. cardboardn.卡紙板e(cuò). g. They kept all of their

24、 photos in a shoebox made of cardboard.他們把所有的照片都放在一個(gè)卡板紙做的鞋盒中。5. landfill n.垃圾填埋地e. g. All of the rubbish was taken to a landfill on the outskirts of the city. 所有的垃圾都被運(yùn)到市郊的一個(gè)垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。6. leakv.漏；滲；滲透e. g. The gas will leak if you dont turn it off after using.如果用完后不關(guān)掉，煤氣會(huì)泄漏。The tyre began to leak, and was

25、 soon completely flat.車(chē)胎開(kāi)始漏氣，很快就癟了。Who leaked the news to the press?是誰(shuí)將消息泄露給新聞界的？7. carton n.（尤指裝食品或液體的）硬紙盒；塑料盒e. g. This morning, I bought a carton of milk for breakfast on my way to work.今天早晨在去上班的路上，我買(mǎi)了一盒牛奶當(dāng)早飯。8. appropriateadj.合適的；恰當(dāng)?shù)膃. g. Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal wedding.運(yùn)

26、動(dòng)服用于正式婚禮中是不適當(dāng)?shù)摹?. sort v.整理；把分類(lèi)e. g. He was sorting his foreign stamps.他正在整理夕卜國(guó)郵票。10. process v.力口工e. g. Generally speaking, food must be processed in order to be preserved.般來(lái)說(shuō)，食品需要經(jīng)過(guò)力口工才能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保存。It may take a few weeks for these wasted paper to be processed.處理這些廢棄文件也許要幾個(gè)星期?！局R(shí)拓展】process n.過(guò)程e. g. I s

27、tarted moving the china ornaments, but dropped a vase in the process.我動(dòng)手搬那些瓷器飾物，但在移動(dòng)時(shí)打碎了一只花瓶。Compiling a dictionary is a slow process.編撰一本字典是一個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程。11. subject n.（繪畫(huà)或拍攝）題材e. g. The subject of the picture is the painters father.這幅畫(huà)取材于畫(huà)家的父親。n .Key Expressions 重點(diǎn)詞組1. make up 組成；構(gòu)成；化妝e. g. This footbal

28、l team is made up of fourteen members.這個(gè)足球隊(duì)由十四名隊(duì)員組成。Workers make up a large portion of the population.工人占人口數(shù)量的大部分。Before going onto the stage, the actress made up to 100k her best.在上臺(tái)之前，女演員化了妝，讓自己看上去最美?！局R(shí)拓展】make up for補(bǔ)償e. g. You apology cant make up for the broken vase.光說(shuō)對(duì)不起補(bǔ)償不了被你打破的花瓶的損失。2. end u

29、p 結(jié)束；告終e. g. He tried several different jobs, finally ending up as a teacher.他做過(guò)一些不同的工作，最終成為一名教師。He started working in this company as a clerk but ended up as the general manager.他剛進(jìn)公司寸候只是個(gè)小職員，但最后卻成了總經(jīng)理。3. take up 占去；占據(jù)e. g. The cupboard takes up much space in my kitchen.這個(gè)柜子占了我廚房里很大的空間。Youd better

30、move away all the toys9 because they take up too much space.你最好把這些玩具都移走，它們占據(jù)了太多空間。She took up the story which John had left off telling.她接著講約翰未講完的故事。4. take the lead 帶頭；做榜樣e. g. He took the lead at the beginning of the race.比賽剛開(kāi)始時(shí)他領(lǐng)跑。She always takes the lead in doing anything.她總是帶頭做任何事。5. do ones p

31、art to 盡自己的職責(zé)e. g. Everyone should do his or her part in the cause of environmental protection.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該盡自己的一份力，為環(huán)境保護(hù)事業(yè)作貢獻(xiàn)。n . Key Sentences重難點(diǎn)句子In 1991, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods.used for their goods是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾packaging -詞，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句：whic

32、h/that is used for their goods。e. g. This is a room used only for emergency.這是一件專(zhuān)門(mén)為緊急情況而準(zhǔn)備的房間。Then came The Body Shop.然后出現(xiàn)了美體小鋪。1. Vocabulary and Grammar()1. Water from the roof because it is leaking.A. dropsB. dripsC. spreadsD. sinks()2. Scientific discoveries are often to industrial production met

33、hods.A. suppliedB. repliedC. adoptedD. applied()3. There nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be()4. There is a ban smoking in most public places in this country.A. forB. onC. inD. with()5. At last, we found ourselves in a ple

34、asant park with flowers and grass all around and down to eat our picniclunch.A. sittingB. having satC. to sitD. sat()6. out automatically, the e-mail with a dangerous virus was received by many users.A. MailedB. MailingC. To be mailedD. Having mailed out()7. ,so I had to wait for my parents back.A.

35、Because my key was lostB. My key was lostC. Losing my keyD. Having lost my key()8. This toy company doesnt spend money on.A. advertisingB. advertiserC. adviceD. advertisement()9. The company intends to for losses caused by the serious mistake in the news report.A. sueB. chargeC. accuseD. ask()10. Jo

36、an is for equal rights for women.A. fightingB. campaigningC. beatingD. quarreling()11. When she was young, she showed great in singing, which was quite beyond her parentsexpectation.A. willB. requirementC. desireD. promise()12. He sat beneath the tree, his elbow on his knee.A. restB. was restingC. r

37、estingD. rested()13. His voice , he said he was too upset to say any more.A. shakeB. be shakingC. was shakingD. shaking()14. With the river at a record-high of over 26 metres, the more came amid no sign of lit -up in the torrentialrains.A. runB. is runningC. runningD. ran()15. After the Arab states

38、won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girlsand boys to go to school.A. to be encouragedB. been encouragedC. being encouragedD. be encouragedn . ClozeThe Body Shop make-up is all about products that 16 and blend easily; that flatter(使顯得更漂亮 )your face and take care of

39、your skin; that feel as light as a feather; that make experimentation easy and enjoyable; that will look as good at the end of the day as when you first applied them; and which 17 that way until you choose to take them off. The industry refers to them as high performance18 way simply great.How do yo

40、u 19 great make-up? We think it not only makes you look good, but feel good and does good too. It gives the wearer confidence and is enjoyable to use.Our quest(追求)for the best has been exhaustive(徹底的)and means that the Body Shop make -up now combines the best 20in cosmetic science with our years of

41、expertise of natural ingredients some of which are now mainstreams ofcosmetics and some of which are 21 to the Body Shop make -up.If you 22 UV damage to your skin, you have the reassurance that many products in the range now feature a sun protection factor. All products have been dermatologically(皮膚

42、病學(xué)的 )tested, are non-comedogenic (meaning they wont cause blackheads)and do not include 23 fragrance. High performance or simply great? Dont just take our 24 forit come to the Body Shop and try it for yourself.Make-up is no longer simply about looking good, but feeling good and doing good too. As fi

43、rm believers in creating make-up that offers skin care benefits, skin beneficial ingredients such as vitamin E, panthenol and beeswax are widely used25_ the range.()16. A. produceB. applyC. useD. give()17. A. changeB. goC. leaveD. stay()18. A. keep toB. help toC. prefer toD. want to()19. A. think of

44、B. refer toC. findD. define()20. A. advancesB. qualitiesC. findingsD. application()21. A. particularB. uniqueC. topD. devoted()22. A. are particular aboutB. finding fault withC. are concerned aboutD. are curious about()23. A. specialB. demandingC. extraD.added()24. A. wordB. promiseC. productsD. phr

45、ases()25. A. ofB. duringC. throughoutD. out ofmReading Comprehension(A) Karo Cove Estate (地產(chǎn))A limited opportunity to purchase a piece of Kiwi paradise( 幾維鳥(niǎo)天堂 )with 5 lots only to be sold.If natural beauty &- privacy are important to you, then this unique area where the native bush meets the sand &

46、the neighbourhood noise is the sounds of the waves, the song of the native birds by day and Kiwi at night is a must consider.Sizes range from 2,000 m2 to 2. 4 ha some with direct waterfront position, all have sea view.Covenants(契約)ensure this beautiful environment is protected forever.Located within

47、 1 hour drive from Auckland.Join the developers in securing your familys piece of paradise.An opportunity not to be missed!Barbara NelsonMob 027 382 7263Bus(07) 576 0129()26. This advertisement is put up to attract A. travellersB. natural scientistsC.estate purchasersD. house builders()27. What is t

48、he underlined word ha in the third paragraph?A. A unit of area.B. A unit of length.C.A unit of width.D. A unit of depth.()28. Which of the following statements is NOT true to the advertisement?A. This area is by the sea.B. This area is not very far from Auckland.C. No factories will be built in this

49、 area.D. Barbara Nelson has a phone set in a bus.(B)The 1970s and early 1980s have spelled(意味著)hard time for most of the worlds business firms. The 1973 oil crisis( 危 機(jī))set off a round of further crisis : material and energy shortages, dying industries, and so on.Throughout the 1960s, people in indu

50、strial nations enjoyed real gains in income and spent their money on a growing number of goods and services: new cars, television sets, foreign travel, higher education, and so on. People in the U. S. A., Western Europe, Japan, Australia, and a few other nations were leading a good life. And the cit

51、izens of less developed countries, though living on very small incomes, were filled with hopes by what they heard and saw in newspapers, magazines, and radios. Sooner or later, they felt, they would enjoy the fruits of rapid economic development.The crisis starting in the 1970s robbed everyone of th

52、ese dreams. Prices shot up; jobs were lost; competition became keener; foreign goods attacked domestic(國(guó)內(nèi)的)markets and hurt domestic firms.The key to recovery could not rest alone on governments adopting suitable economic policies. Business firms had to do a better job of finding out the strong need

53、s, developing better products, and distributing them more efficiently so that consumers could afford them. In the past, some companies saw their task as simply selling what they made. When consumer interest flagged, the companies encouraged their salespeople to sell harder. They would cut the prices

54、 and offer more services. This approach often works in the short run, at least in selling out their goods, if not in increasing profits ( 利 潤(rùn)).But the sales approach provides no long -run answer to raising the interest of people in buying the companys current products. ()29. People experienced hard

55、time .A. in the 1970sB. from the 1970s to the early 1980s C. in 1973D. in the 1980s()30. According to the passage, which of the following is not true?A. During the crisis, domestic markets were attacked by foreign goods.B. During the crisis, competition became keener.C. During the crisis, prices wer

56、e lower.D. During the crisis, there were more people looking for jobs.()31. The author emphasizes several points in the passage, EXCEPT.A. the oil crisisB. the world political situationC. the results of the crisisD. the world economical situation()32. The passage is taken from .A. a novelB. a playC.

57、 a reportD. a poem(C)First, I would like to thank the Weekend Herald (先驅(qū)報(bào))for making your column available each week to readers.I have been investing and saving for the last 50 years, right from the first time I saved my sixpences I was given to spend when I went to the pictures. I have taken hits from inventing in the sto