湖北省武漢為明初中英語 學(xué)習(xí)常見錯(cuò)誤一覽表L 人教新目標(biāo)版

1、湖北省武漢為明實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校初中英語 學(xué)習(xí)常見錯(cuò)誤一覽表l 人教新目標(biāo)版llarge 誤 he found a large number of mistake in his homework.正 he found a large number of mistakes in his homework.析 "a large number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞"，意為大量的。 last 誤 this is the newest news.正 this is the latest news.析 "最新消息"應(yīng)為latest news，因?yàn)樽钔淼降男侣劜攀亲钚孪?，?qǐng)注意

2、英語與漢語的區(qū)別。last the last 誤 i saw my brother the last week.正 i saw my brother last week.析 當(dāng)談到與目前有關(guān)的上月、上星期等概念時(shí)只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠詞，the last 可用于表示一系列詞的最后一個(gè)，如： that was the last christmas i spent at home. 但the last可以用來表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)時(shí)期，如： i am busy for the last week.late 誤 yesterday i went home l

3、ately.正 yesterday i went home late.析 late即可做形容詞又可作副詞；而lately則意為"最近的"，如： i haven't seen her lately.late latter later lately late有兩個(gè)比較級(jí)，指時(shí)間較晚應(yīng)用later，如口語中常講： see you later. (一會(huì)見。)而latter則指按順序講的后者，或靠后的，其反意詞為former，如： the former president(前總統(tǒng))。又如： i can understand the latter part of the sto

4、ry. 而lately則意為"近來"、"不久前"。laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。laugh over 則指"笑著談?wù)?quot;某事，如 we laugh over the film. (我們笑著談?wù)撃莻€(gè)電影。)lay 誤 we lied on the beach.正 we lay on the beach.析 英文中有三個(gè)動(dòng)詞易混，在考試中也頻頻出現(xiàn)，它們的現(xiàn)在式，過去式，過去分詞以及現(xiàn)在分詞是： lay (vt. 放) laid laid layinglie(vi. 躺) lay lain

5、 cyinglie(vi. 說謊) lied lied lyinglearn 誤 the teacher said："you must study this poem by heart."正 the teacher said："you must learn this poem by heart."析 study與learn在作"學(xué)習(xí)"講時(shí)，常?？梢曰Q，但learn側(cè)重于學(xué)習(xí)成果或初級(jí)階段的模仿性學(xué)習(xí)，如：the little baby is learning to walk. 而study則多側(cè)重于學(xué)習(xí)的過程，如： i'm

6、studying at this college. 而learnby heart則是"記住"、"背誦"之意。leave 誤 i'll leave beijing to shanghai.正 i'll leave beijing for shanghai.析 leave for一詞組為"去某地"，如對(duì)話中常講i'll leave for shanghai. 因所離開的地點(diǎn)是雙方都知道的則可以省略。leave forget 誤 i've forgotten my homework at home.正 i&#

7、39;ve forgotten my homework.正 i've left my homework at home.析 如果句中有地點(diǎn)狀語則不要用forget, 而要用leave.lesson 誤 i have two lessons of english.正 i have two english lessons.正 i have two lessons in english.析 "我有兩節(jié)英語課。"這一表達(dá)法如上，但美國(guó)老師講他有兩節(jié)課時(shí)則多用"i have two classes."teach somebody a lesson 為&qu

8、ot;教訓(xùn)某人"，或"要吸取教訓(xùn)"，如： let this thing teaches you a lesson.lend 誤 please borrow me your bike.正 please lend me your bike.析 borrow是指"借入"，如： i want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是"借出"，如： i can lend you my bike. 而keep為"借多久"： 如 how long can i keep

9、it?less 誤 he has fewer money than she has.正 he has less money than she has.析 less是little的比較級(jí)，而fewer是few的比較級(jí)。要注意前者修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而后者修飾可數(shù)名詞。let 誤 the teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.正 the teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.析 雖然let, have, make有相同的用法，但m

10、ake和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。誤 let's go to the park, will you?正 let's go to the park, shall we?誤 let us go to the park, shall we?正 let us go to the park, will you?析 let's go的反意疑問句是shall we?而let us go的反意疑問句則是will you?life 誤 many people lost their life in the second world war.正 many people lost th

11、eir lives in the second world war.析 life作為"生命"、"性命"時(shí)應(yīng)為可數(shù)名詞；當(dāng)泛指一般"生活"講時(shí)則為不可數(shù)名詞，如： which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如： life is not all fun.light 誤 there is a desk with a lit lamp on it.正 there is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.析 light有兩個(gè)過去分詞： lighted和lit

12、，當(dāng)用過去分詞作形容詞當(dāng)定語時(shí)只能用lighted.light可以用作名詞，如： the moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容詞，如： the classroom is very light. 還可以作動(dòng)詞，如： the little girl lit a match. 作形容詞時(shí)還有"輕"、"淺"等意，如： this box is light. i like light blue.like 誤 my sister is very as me.正 my sister is very like me.析 as 作

13、為連詞其后要接從句，如： she is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介詞，其后接賓語。誤 do you like swimming with me tonight.正 would you like to swim with me tonight.析 like作為動(dòng)詞當(dāng)"喜歡"講時(shí)，其后面可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞，用不定式多表達(dá)一個(gè)一次性的動(dòng)作，如： i'm sorry i don't like to go swimming tonight. 用動(dòng)名詞則表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，如： i like

14、swimming very much.like alike 作為形容詞，alike 一般不作定語，而只作表語，如； the twins are very alike.誤 would you like swimming with us?正 would you like to swim with us?析 在would you like這一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接動(dòng)名詞。like的用法還要注意以下兩點(diǎn)： he likes tom. 為"他喜歡湯姆。" he is like tom. 為"他像湯姆。"第二句話的like為介詞，而第一句話的like為

15、動(dòng)詞。listen 誤 you should hear the teahcer's advice.正 you should listen to the teacher's advice.析 hear多側(cè)重于聽到某事或某種聲音，而listen to則側(cè)重于聽的傾向性。如： we listen but hear nothing. 例句為"聽取某人意見"，所以只能用listen to someone's advice.little 誤 don't worry, there is little time.正 don't worry, ther

16、e is a little time.誤 there is a little water. shall i get some?正 there is little water. shall i get some?析 要注意中英文在同一問題上的表達(dá)法是不同的。如中文"水不多了，我去取點(diǎn)吧。"英文要講"沒水了，我去取點(diǎn)吧。"little small little與small是近義詞，在作定語時(shí)常?？梢曰Q，如： a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表語，如： the car over there is small. 一句

17、中不要用little. 作定語時(shí)little常常帶有感情色彩，而small則帶有對(duì)比的含義。live 誤 tom lives with his parents' money.正 tom lives on his parents' money.誤 he lives on teaching.正 he lives by teaching.析 "靠吃某物為生"應(yīng)用live on something, 而live by是"靠某種生活手段為生"。living alive living側(cè)重于生活得很好，身體不錯(cuò)，如： my grandfather is

18、 still living in his eighties. 而alive則強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有死而是活著的，如： is that cat alive or dead?lonely 誤 she wanted to do her homework lonely.正 she wanted to do her homework alone.析 lonely意為"寂寞的"、"孤單的"，如： the old man felt lonely. alone則意為"獨(dú)自的"、"單獨(dú)的"，如： he lives alone but he doe

19、sn't feel lonely.long 誤 i have been studying long for the exam.正 i have been studying for a long time for the exam.析 long用作表達(dá)時(shí)間的副詞時(shí)，在否定句及疑問句中最常用，但在肯定句中除與so, too, asas連用外，一般要用for a long time.誤 i'll call you as long as the book will be returned.正 i'll call you as long as the book is return

20、ed.析 asas引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。誤 how long do you go to see your parents? once a week.正 how often do you go to see your parents? once a week.析 因?yàn)榇鹫Z為每周一次所以問的是頻率，要用how often.look look for find look for 側(cè)重于 "尋找"這個(gè)動(dòng)作，如： what are you looking for? 而find則側(cè)重于結(jié)果，如： it is very difficult to find a job. 這里不能用look for，因?yàn)檎嬲щy的是"找到"工作。其他用法還有：例 he often looks back on his highschool days.析 look back on something 為"回顧"、"回想"。例 i wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.析 look down on (upon) 為"看不起"某人或某事。誤 i'm looking forward