2020版高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)高考題型重組練(十二)

1、高考題型重組練（十二）I .閱讀理解A2019 長春市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測二 My wife and I were at a crowded grocery store not long ago. It was a weekday evening, cold and wet- and tense. People werecarelessly blocking aisles, complaining and cutting one another off with their carts.Things got worse at the checkout line. The cashier scanned a

2、 man's discount card, but he misread the savings on her screen as an additional charge. He decided she was acting deliberately and began to argue.“She is being spiteful （ 惡意的 ）! ” he yelled. "This is unbelievable. " Other customers looked away as the cashier tried to reason with him. S

3、hecalled a manager, who accompanied the man to customer service. Shaken, she moved to the next customer in line.We've all witnessed uncomfortable scenes like this in public places. The grocery scene was another example of how our trust in others has eroded. But it was also a teachable moment on

4、how we can rebuild our faith starting with just oneperson.Back at the grocery store, my wife and I reached our uneasy cashier. I grabbed a bottle of water from a nearby cooler and handed it to her."We felt badabout how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you, “ I said. Her facelit u

5、p, and we talked as she scanned our items. She told us she had been working that evening through severe foot pain and would be having surgery later that week.We wished her well in her recovery, and she thanked us as we left.Those are the balancing acts, the moments of responding social and emotional

6、 pain with healing, which will add up to restore trust among people. You can start that pattern in someone else's life, even in a place as ordinary as the neighborhood grocery store.體裁：夾敘夾議 題材：個人經(jīng)歷 主題：人與人之間信任感的缺失和重建【語篇解讀】本文記敘了作者和妻子在一個雜貨店中遇到了一位男士與收銀員爭吵,從而發(fā)覺人與人之間缺乏信任，而作者和妻子買水安慰收銀員，以期重新建立人與人之間的信任。1

7、 Why did the man at the checkout line argue with the cashier?A The cashier called a manager to help her.B Someone jumped the queue waiting to check out.C There was something wrong with his discount card.D He believed the cashier charged him more on purpose.答案與解析： D 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“ but he misread the

8、 savings on herscreen as an additional charge. He decided she was acting deliberately and beganto argue. ”可知，他誤把省下來的錢當(dāng)成了額外的收費，他認(rèn)為收銀員是故意的，并和她吵了起來。也就是說，他認(rèn)為收銀員是故意多收他的錢。故選 D 項。2 Which of the following words can replace the underlined word“eroded ” inParagraph 5?A Changed. B Increased.C Faded. D Formed.答

9、案與解析：C考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第五段中的"W e've all witnessed uncomfortable scnes like this in public places. The grocery scenewas anotherexample of how ourtrust in others has eroded. ”可知，我們都在公共場所目睹過這些不愉快的場面。而這些 不愉快也說明了人與人之間缺乏信任，即彼此之間的信任削弱了。因此， erode 與 fade 同義， 意為“逐漸削弱；消失”。故選C項。3 Why did the author buy a bottl

10、e of water for the cashier?A He thought the cashier might feel a little bit thirsty.8 He knew she had gone through much trouble recently.C He wanted to restore the trust between her and the man.D He wanted to comfort her after the terrible experience just now.答案與解析： D 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二根中的“ We felt bad a

11、bout how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you ”可知，作者和妻子對于那個男人對待收銀員的方式感到難過，因此給收銀員買了一瓶水。由此可知，他們是想要安慰收銀員。故選 D 項。4 What is the last paragraph intended to do?A Add a warning.8 Make a suggestion.C Introduce a topic.D Present an argument.答案與解析： B 考查推理判斷。作者在最后一段呼吁人們行動起來，增強人與人之間 的信任。因此，最后一段是作者

12、對讀者的建議。故選 B 項。B2019 南昌二模 Robots are now being employed not just for dangeroustasks, such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters. They are also finding applications as household help and as nursing assistants. As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intell

13、igence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent.A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus, Professor of Developmental Psychology at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat （LMU）,

14、 have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles.According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question: “ Under what circumstances would adults be wil ling to sacrifice robots to save h

15、uman lives ？” The participants were faced with a hypothetical （假設(shè)的 ） moral dilemma:Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human, a humanoid robot that had been humanized to variou

16、s degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine.The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own unde

17、rstandings, experiences and thoughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous （無名的 ） humans.“ This resultindicates that our study group attached a certain moralstatus to the robot ，” says Paulus.“One possible suggestion of this finding isthat

18、 attempts to humanize robots should not go too far. Such efforts could come into conflict with their intended function to be of help to us. ”體裁：說明文題材：科技前沿主題：人性化機(jī)器人【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。機(jī)器人不僅可以幫助人類執(zhí)行危險的任務(wù)，現(xiàn)代智能機(jī)器人還能幫助人們處理日常生活問題。研究表明，將機(jī)器人過于人性化的嘗試將對人產(chǎn) 生困擾。The study suggested that the more the robot was humaniz

19、ed, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it.分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中 that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作及物動詞 suggested 的賓語； “the +比較級，the +比較級”表示“越，越”。譯文：研究表明，機(jī)器人人性化越高，參與者越不可能犧牲它。5 What has become a concern about robots?A How to humanize them.B How to treat them in life.C How to use them effectively.D How to find more ap

20、plications.答案與解析： B 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 根據(jù)第一段中的“ the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent ”和第二段中的“ have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles ”可知，如何在生活中對待機(jī)器人已經(jīng)成為人們擔(dān)心的一個問題，故

21、B 項正確。6 In the study the participants probably have to decide .A when to sacrifice a robotB where to experience risksC which robot to work withD what robots should be like答案與解析： A 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第一句“ According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question: Under what circumstances

22、 wouldadults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives ？”可知，該研究將要回答“在什么情況下成年人愿意犧牲機(jī)器人來拯救人類生命？”這一問題，故A 項正確。7 What can be inferred from Paulus' words?A Humanized robots offer less help to people.8 Humanizing robots too much may be improper.C Certain moral status should be attached to robot

23、s.D Conflicts often happen between humans and robots.答案與解析： B 考查推理判斷。 根據(jù)本文最后兩句 Paulus 所說的話可知， Paulus 認(rèn)為，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，使機(jī)器人人性化的嘗試不應(yīng)該走得太遠(yuǎn)。這些努力可能會與機(jī)器人的預(yù)期功能（幫助人類）發(fā)生沖突。據(jù)此可推知， Paulus認(rèn)為機(jī)器人過于人性化可能不恰當(dāng)，故 B項正 確。9 Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A Robots, a Must for FutureB. Humanized Robot

24、s, a New TrendC. Robots Saved, People Take the HitD. Humanized Robots Replace Human答案與解析：C考查標(biāo)題判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要提出“過度將機(jī)器人人性化， 將人的道德水準(zhǔn)賦予機(jī)器人，將會使人受到困擾”這一觀點，故C項最適合作本文標(biāo)題。n.七選五E. 019 成都第三次診斷 Society tells us that you can't teach an old dog new tricks. But it doesn't have to be that way. A new study pu

25、blished in HumanDevelopment points out that using a proper approach to learning can help people of any age take on and rise to new challenges. _1_ _Venture outside your comfort zone. As adults, we tend to use similar skills day in and day out: We take jobs in fields we're already good at, drive

26、the same routes to the same places, and fall into routines we're comfortable with. _2_ Switching _ to something more challenging may have more cognitive benefits.3 A fear of making mistakes is another reason adults are so slow to learn new things; if we try and fail, we can face criticism, lose

27、money, or get fired. That's why it's important to build up a support network of people- at work and at home-who allow you to make mistakes and learn from them.Make a serious commitment and don't give up. _4_ If you can afford it, spending money on a new pursuit for example, booking a tri

28、p to Rometo practice your Italian -might also make it harder to throw in the towel.Learn more than one thing at once. Wetend to zero in on one hobby or one skill. But dividing that time and energy into three or four areas will stretch your brain in all different directions. _5_ For example, maybe yo

29、u started learning a new language in 2018, and this year you add singing lessons, and next year you try something else. You can add things gradually based on what you can handle.A. Turn to your friends and family.B. The following strategies will do the trick.C. Surround yourself with encouraging peo

30、ple.D. Telling friends about your new goal can help keep you motivated.E. But all this familiarity limits the parts of the brain we're using regularly.F. That doesn't meanyou should start all the new challenges all at once, though.G. So feeling comfortable can reduce stress and make you happ

31、ier and more productive.體裁：說明文 題材：社會生活主題：如何迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了幾個迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)的策略。1 .答案與解析：B文章第二至第五段分別給出迎接挑戰(zhàn)的策略。由此可知，該空承上 啟下，故選B。2 .答案與解析：E根據(jù)空前一句可知，我們傾向于日復(fù)一日地用相似的技能：從事我 們擅長的領(lǐng)域的工作，開車走相同的路線，去相同的地方，做我們覺得舒服的事；結(jié)合空后 的"Switching to something more challenging "可推知，這種熟悉限制了我們正在經(jīng)常使 用的大腦的部分，故選E。3 .答案與解析：C空處為本

32、段的主題句。通讀本段可知，本段講述的是尋找支持你的 人的重要性，故 C項符合語境。4 .答案與解析：D根據(jù)該空前一句可知，做出一個嚴(yán)肅的承諾且不放棄。由此可推知,空處應(yīng)是表明向誰承諾以及承諾做出后的作用。故D項符合語境。5 .答案與解析：F根據(jù)本段首句可知，一次可以多學(xué)點東西；空后一句是說，比如， 你可能在2018年開始學(xué)一門新的語言，今年你添加了歌唱課，下一年你嘗試其他的東西。由 此可知，F(xiàn)項“但是這并不意味著你應(yīng)該一次性開始所有新的挑戰(zhàn)”符合語境。m.短文改錯6 2019 -廣州綜合測試二 It was a still and quiet morning on the lake. Ther

33、e was no human voices or cars to break the silent. It was a perfect day for fishing.Wesat at there, afraid to talk, thinking fish would hear us and flee. My father, hold our lunch bag in one hand, passed me a sandwich. It was terrible hot and clouds of mosquito were feasting on my blood. With my leg

34、s covering with bite marks, I complained, “When will the fish come ?"Suddenly I felt a fish bite. My father became so excited as I was, and together we pulled the fish out that would be part of us dinner that night.答案與解析：It was a still and quiet morning on the lake. There wa_ s no human voices wereor cars to break the silen t_. It was a perfect day for fishing. silenceWe sat at there, afraid to talk, thinkingA fish would hear us and flee.theMy father, hol d our lunch bag