高二英語(yǔ)__and_Reading課件_新人教版必修5

1、Great scientistsUnit 1 Read the new words and phrases on P91New words readingWarming upknow about 了解有關(guān)了解有關(guān).的情況的情況know of 聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)有些事我想了解一下有些事我想了解一下. There is something I want to know about .我聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)那件事我聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)那件事, 但不很清楚但不很清楚.I know of it , but I didnt know it well.1.詞匯袋袋庫(kù)詞匯袋袋庫(kù)2. characteristic adj. 獨(dú)特的，特有的獨(dú)特的

2、，特有的 n特征，特性特征，特性 eg. genetic characteristics 遺傳特征遺傳特征vcharacter n性格；特征；人物，角色；性格；特征；人物，角色；vcharacterize v是是的特征；描述的特征；描述的特的特征征vcharacterless adj.無(wú)特色的；平凡的無(wú)特色的；平凡的 區(qū)別區(qū)別future 和和characteristicvKindness is one of his _.vMy car doesnt have special _.characteristicsfutures3. put forward: bring up, come up w

3、ith eg: vHe put forward some useful advice at the meeting. vWe put forward Tom as monitor. 推薦推薦vThe meeting has been put forward to 2:00 pm. 提前提前提出提出vAn interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been _. Aput forwardBput down C. put up D. put aside 【解析解析】 有人提出一個(gè)有趣的建議有人提出一個(gè)有趣

4、的建議 【答案答案】 A考題練練看考題練練看vput aside _vput away _vput off _vput on _vput down _vput out _vput up _vput up with _ 儲(chǔ)蓄儲(chǔ)蓄備用備用把把收拾起來(lái)收拾起來(lái) 推遲推遲 穿上，戴上；上演，演出穿上，戴上；上演，演出 舉起；粘貼；建立，建設(shè)舉起；粘貼；建立，建設(shè) 忍受忍受 放下放下?lián)錅鐡錅?火火)vConsidering your salary，you should be able to _ at least twenty dollars a week. Aput forward Bput up Cp

5、ut out Dput asidev【解析】句意為“就你的工資而言，每周你應(yīng)至少存20美元”。put forward提出；put up張貼；put out撲滅；put aside儲(chǔ)存。v【答案】D考題練練看考題練練看 When we talk about great scientists, who will come into your mind?BrainstormingFather of hybrid riceYuan Longping“The weak one sits and waits the opportunity; The powerhouse makes the opportu

6、nity. ”弱者坐待時(shí)機(jī)；強(qiáng)者制造時(shí)機(jī)。弱者坐待時(shí)機(jī)；強(qiáng)者制造時(shí)機(jī)。 She got two Nobel Prizes, one for physics and the other for chemistry.Madame Curie 居里夫人居里夫人“If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of gaints.”Isaac Newton艾薩克艾薩克牛頓牛頓“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” Thomas

7、 Edison 托馬斯托馬斯愛(ài)迪生愛(ài)迪生Match the scientists with their achievementsAlbert Einstein 1. evolution(進(jìn)化論進(jìn)化論)Charles Darwin 2. discovery of radiumMadame Curie 3. electric bulbThomas Edison 4. theory of relativityNicolaus Copernicus 5. a brief history of timeStephen Hawking 6. the earth moves around Yuan Long

8、ping the sun 7. father of hybrid ricePrevious knowledge Lets do a quiz about some scientists“Give me a place to stand on, and I will move the earth” fvForce n.u力量，效力，武力c部隊(duì)，影響大的人或物，vt。強(qiáng)迫，迫使，強(qiáng)力促成。 固定搭配固定搭配 by force 靠武力，強(qiáng)行靠武力，強(qiáng)行bring sth into force開(kāi)始生效開(kāi)始生效come into force開(kāi)始生效，開(kāi)始實(shí)施開(kāi)始生效，開(kāi)始實(shí)施in force已生效，大批

9、的已生效，大批的force sb to do/into doing sth迫使某人做某事迫使某人做某事2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed? Lets do a quiz about some scientistsThe Origin of Species3. Who invented the first steam engine? Thomas Newcomen 紐科門紐科門 Lets do a quiz about some scientistsW

10、att瓦特瓦特Thomas Edison托馬斯托馬斯 愛(ài)迪生愛(ài)迪生4. Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children? Lets do a quiz about some scientistsMadame Curie 居里夫人居里夫人5. Who discovered radium in 1898? She received two Nobel Prizes, one for physics and one for chemistry.Madame Cur

11、ie 居里夫人居里夫人 Lets do a quiz about some scientists 6. Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities? Lets do a quiz about some scientists 7. Who was the painter that studied dead bodies in order to improve his paintings of people? Lets do a quiz about some scientistsLeonardo

12、da Vinci達(dá)芬奇達(dá)芬奇8. Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground in 1815? Lets do a quiz about some scientistsSir Humphry Davy 大衛(wèi)大衛(wèi)漢弗萊漢弗萊Watt瓦特瓦特9. Who invented the first seismograph to indicate in the direction of an earthquake?Zhang Heng Lets do a quiz about some scientistsSeismograph saizmr:f

13、10. Who put forward a theory about black holes?Stephen Hawking 霍金霍金 Lets do a quiz about some scientistswise/smart/clever lazy friendly cruelhard-working warm-hearted meandevoted easy-going generousmodest selfless nice handsomedetermined brave famous calm enthusiastic lovely honest reliableunkind se

14、lfish stubborn What qualities do you think they have in common?vTry to get more information about great scientists.vPreview the reading passage “John Snow Defeats King Cholera”.vRemember the new words and phrases in this unit.HomeworkReadingTHINKWORK FINDHow do the scientists usually do scientific r

15、esearch?Find a problemMake a questionThink of a methodCollect results Analyse the resultsFind supporting evidenceDraw a conclusionSOLVEWhat infectious diseases do you know?Infectious diseases can be spread to other people. They have an unknown cause and need public healthcare to solve them. It is a

16、kind of terrible disease caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.What do you know about cholera?Do you know this person?vA well-known doctor in the 19th century in London. vA legendary figure in epidemiologyep,di:mi:ldi:(流行病學(xué)流

17、行病學(xué)) and anesthesiology (麻醉學(xué)麻醉學(xué)) nis,izildiJohn Snow ( 1813 1858)Number these events in the order that they happened.v John Snow began to test two theories.v An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.v John Snow marked the deaths on a map.v He announced that the water carried the disease.v John Snow

18、 investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.v King Cholera was defeated.v He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.v He had the handle removed from the water pump.21473856Fast reading1. attend v be present at; take care of _ attend to sb/sth: to deal with sb/sth; to t

19、ake care of sb/sth _eg: vHe attended the meeting yesterday.vI have some urgent business to attend to.出席出席,參加參加;照顧照顧,護(hù)理護(hù)理處理處理,應(yīng)付應(yīng)付; 照顧照顧,護(hù)理護(hù)理vThe coach asked his staff to _ the large group of journalists waiting for him to announce his training plans. Aadapt to Battend to Crefer to Dappeal to 【解析解析】

20、adapt to意為“適應(yīng)”，attend to 意為“注意，關(guān)心，料理”，refer to 意為“涉及”，appeal to 意為“向呼吁，求助于”。整句話意為“教練要求他的隊(duì)員去照應(yīng)一下那一大群等著他公布訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃的新聞?dòng)浾邆儭??？碱}練練看考題練練看【答案答案 】 B區(qū)別區(qū)別attend/join/join in/take part invWould you like to _ us in the basket game? A. attend B. join C. join in D. take part in考題練練看考題練練看【答案答案】 Bvattend正式用語(yǔ)，參加嚴(yán)肅的活動(dòng)，如會(huì)議

21、，聽(tīng)課，演講會(huì)議，聽(tīng)課，演講。vjoin加入某一組織組織，成為其中成員。vjoin(sb.)in sth./doing和某人某人一起進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)具體的活動(dòng)，多指正在進(jìn)行的正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)活動(dòng)。vtake part in參加活動(dòng)，是一般用語(yǔ)。思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)2. expose vt. show sth hidden; tell the truth _ 曝光曝光; 暴露暴露; 揭露揭露expose sth/sb to sth _ 暴露；顯露暴露；顯露 expose sb as _ 揭露某人揭露某人eg: Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long. Yo

22、ull get sunburned.v_ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed【解析解析】 動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式做主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式做主語(yǔ)?！敬鸢复鸢浮?C考題練練看考題練練看Sentence 1. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治療方法人們既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治療方法。vneithe

23、r.nor.既不既不，也不，也不 ，連接句，連接句中兩個(gè)相同成分中兩個(gè)相同成分,表全部否定。表全部否定。vNeither my father nor I was there. 我父親和我都不在那里。我父親和我都不在那里。vneithernor, eitheror, not onlybut also 連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與離它最近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。符合主謂一致中的就近原則就近原則。vNeither he nor I am a student.vEither Mary or her brothers are to blame for the fault.vNot only the

24、 teacher but also his students like playing football.思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)(2009年湖南卷年湖南卷)vEither you or your one of your students _ to attend the meeting. A. are B. is C. have D. be【答案答案】 B考題練練看考題練練看3. When I left hospital I was completed cured. Is there a certain cure for cancer yet? cure :_vt.治愈，治療；治愈，治療；n.療法

25、，治療藥療法，治療藥 cure sb. of 治好治好(病、惡習(xí)等病、惡習(xí)等)a cure for 治療治療的方法的方法v辨析：辨析：treat與與cure Has the doctor _ her illness? No，he _ her but didnt _ her. Acured; treated; treat Bcured; cured; treat Ctreated the old woman for; treated; cure Dcured the old woman of; treated; curev解析：cure “治愈治愈” 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。 cure sb of

26、sth treat “治療治療” 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程。強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程。 treat sb for sthv答案：D思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)Sentence 2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. vevery time 在這里是連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間在這里是連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“每次，每當(dāng)每次，每當(dāng)” ve.g. Every time I hear that song, I feel happy. 每次聽(tīng)到那首歌，我都感到非常開(kāi)心。每次聽(tīng)到那首歌，我都感到非常開(kāi)心。v(2009年云

27、南玉溪模擬年云南玉溪模擬)_you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others. AAt times BSome time CEvery time DThe time【解析】句意為：每次你與別人交談或?qū)懶畔?，你都向別人展示你的技能。every time是名詞詞組用做連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句?！敬鸢浮緾考題練練看考題練練看v注意注意: immediately, the moment/the minute, directly, instantly 等與等與 every time一樣，都可以用作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從一

28、樣，都可以用作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為句，意為 “一一.就就”。如：。如：vI will give the letter to him immediately/ the moment /directly/instantly I see him.v另外另外the first time (第一次第一次)，next time( 下下次次)，last time (上次上次) 都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。從句。思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)(2009年陜西卷)vThis is the first time we _ a film in the cinema together as a family

29、. Asee Bhad seen Csaw Dhave seen【解析】“This/It is the序數(shù)詞time +that 從句”為固定句型， 如果前面用is，從句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果用was，則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 ?！敬鸢浮緿考題練練看考題練練看4. suggest v. 建議；暗示，表明 suggest+doing sth/ sth. / that-clausev 他建議我們參觀長(zhǎng)城。他建議我們參觀長(zhǎng)城。1.He suggested visiting the Great Wall.2.He suggested that we (should) visit the Great Wall.

30、 suggest (暗示，表明暗示，表明)+從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。氣。vThe smile on her face suggested that she agreed with me. 5. absorb vt. 吸收(液體、氣體)；吸引，使 、專心vThe cream is easily absorbed into the skin.這種乳霜容易被皮膚吸收。這種乳霜容易被皮膚吸收。vI was so absorbed in this book that I didnt hear you come in.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)：vIt is very quiet in the class

31、room. The students are all _reading books. Aabsorbed Babsorbed in Cabsorbing in Dabsorb 【解析解析】本題意為：教室里很安靜，學(xué)生們?cè)诒绢}意為：教室里很安靜，學(xué)生們?cè)谌娜庾x書。全心全意讀書。be absorbed in doing sth.專專心做某事。心做某事。 【答案答案】B考題練練看考題練練看vThe writer was so _ in her work that she didnt notice him enter the room. Aabandoned Bfocused Cabsorbed

32、Dcentered 【解析解析】 be absorbed in 全神貫在全神貫在； focus sb on sth 使使專注于專注于 【答案答案】 C考題練練看考題練練看6. suspect v. 認(rèn)為、懷疑認(rèn)為、懷疑eg: I suspected the truth of her statement.* suspect sb of doing sth 懷疑某人做懷疑某人做某事某事* suspect sbsth to be 懷疑懷疑是是eg: He had suspected her of telling a lie to me. 7. blame vt consider or say tha

33、t sb is responsible for sth _eg: Please dont blame me.vblame sb for sthdoing sth _vblame sth on sb _vbe to blame_責(zé)備、譴責(zé)責(zé)備、譴責(zé) 責(zé)備某人做某事責(zé)備某人做某事 把某事歸咎于某人把某事歸咎于某人 (某人某人/某物某物)該受指責(zé)該受指責(zé) n 過(guò)失、責(zé)備過(guò)失、責(zé)備Its not fair that you should get the blame.vDont always _ your own failure _ others. Sometimes you yourself _. A

34、blame；on；are to be blamed Bblame；for；are to blame Cblame；on；are to blame Dblame；for；are to be blamed 【解析解析】句意為：不要總把失敗歸咎于他人。句意為：不要總把失敗歸咎于他人。有時(shí)該責(zé)怪你自己。有時(shí)該責(zé)怪你自己。blame sth.on sb.把把歸咎于某人；歸咎于某人；be to blame該受責(zé)備，要用主該受責(zé)備，要用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)意義。動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)意義。 【答案答案】C考題練練看考題練練看vThe mother who lost her son insisted that the carel

35、ess driver _ for the traffic accident _ yesterday. Awas to blame; happening Bbe to blame; happening Cbe blamed; was happened Dwas to blame; had happened【解析】 本題意為：失去兒子的母親本題意為：失去兒子的母親堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為粗心的司機(jī)應(yīng)該為昨天發(fā)生的交通事故負(fù)責(zé)。粗心的司機(jī)應(yīng)該為昨天發(fā)生的交通事故負(fù)責(zé)?！敬鸢浮?A考題練練看考題練練看v(2006年安徽卷年安徽卷)Mr Green stood up in defence of (為為辯護(hù)辯護(hù))

36、the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one _. Ablamed Bblaming Cto blame Dto be blamed【解析解析】he was not the one to blame意為意為“他不是那個(gè)應(yīng)該受責(zé)備的人他不是那個(gè)應(yīng)該受責(zé)備的人”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾考題練練看考題練練看v(2006年福建卷年福建卷)_for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits. ABlaming BBlamed CTo blame DTo be bl

37、amed【解析】本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意為：本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意為：Alice因?yàn)殡娔X網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障被責(zé)備，情緒很低落。因?yàn)殡娔X網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障被責(zé)備，情緒很低落。非謂語(yǔ)形式用做原因狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)動(dòng)作的非謂語(yǔ)形式用做原因狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者，故用過(guò)去分詞承受者，故用過(guò)去分詞blamed。D項(xiàng)項(xiàng)to be blamed有將要的意味。有將要的意味?！敬鸢浮緽考題練練看考題練練看Sentence 3It seemed that the water was to blame.看來(lái)霍亂的流行要?dú)w罪于飲水了?？磥?lái)霍亂的流行要?dú)w罪于飲水了。vbe+動(dòng)詞不定式，可以表示該做或不該做的動(dòng)詞不定式，可

38、以表示該做或不該做的事情，相當(dāng)于事情，相當(dāng)于must, should, ought to 等。等。vYou are not to be late again.8. look into調(diào)查，研究; vThe police are now looking into the matter.警方正在調(diào)查這件事。警方正在調(diào)查這件事。vlook back 回顧，回首回顧，回首vlook down upon 蔑視蔑視vlook over檢查，查看檢查，查看vlook on 旁觀旁觀vlook through匆匆瀏覽匆匆瀏覽vlook up 查閱，查找查閱，查找9. Handle vt deal with,

39、operate _ n. part of a tool, cup, bucket door etc, by which it may be held, carried or controlled_eg: vDo you know how to handle the computer?處理處理 操作操作把手把手10. link vt&n connect or put together two or more pieces連接；聯(lián)系連接；聯(lián)系 vlink to (常用被動(dòng)常用被動(dòng),表狀態(tài)表狀態(tài))= connect with _vlink up (with) _eg: Blood in hi

40、s shirt linked him to the crime. A new freeway(高速公路高速公路) will be built to link up our city with Wuhan.把把與與連接連接/聯(lián)系起來(lái)聯(lián)系起來(lái) 連接，結(jié)合連接，結(jié)合 11. announce vt make sth known publicly 宣布宣布 通告通告eg: vYao Ming announced in his hometown that he has retired from NBA.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)： announce sth.宣布某事宣布某事 announcethat-claus

41、e辨析：announce與declarevThe result of this examination will be _ tomorrow. Apublished Bdeclared Cannounced Dopened【解析解析】 announce強(qiáng)調(diào)正式地強(qiáng)調(diào)正式地“公開(kāi)、發(fā)表、宣布公開(kāi)、發(fā)表、宣布”， 側(cè)重預(yù)告人們所關(guān)心或感興趣的事情；側(cè)重預(yù)告人們所關(guān)心或感興趣的事情； declare指正式而明確地向公眾指正式而明確地向公眾“宣布，宣告，宣布，宣告， 聲明聲明”，側(cè)重當(dāng)眾發(fā)表，多用于宣判、會(huì)議、，側(cè)重當(dāng)眾發(fā)表，多用于宣判、會(huì)議、宣宣 戰(zhàn)等。戰(zhàn)等。C思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)【答案】12. i

42、nstruct v teach；order,direct 教，教，教授；指示，命令，吩咐教授；指示，命令，吩咐vinstruct sb in sth 教授某人教授某人vinstruct sb to do sth 命令命令/吩咐某人去做某事吩咐某人去做某事eg: vHe instructs a class in history.vIve been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.vMr Smith decided to hire a teacher to _ his son in English. Ateach Bintrod

43、uce Cinstruct Ddirect【答案答案】：C考題練練看考題練練看13. contribute vt.& vi.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助捐助vcontributeto _eg: He contributed his life to helping the poor. He contributed his article to China Daily.vcontribute to _eg: Various factors contributed to his failure.捐助、捐獻(xiàn)捐助、捐獻(xiàn); 投稿投稿導(dǎo)致，促成；有助于導(dǎo)致，促成；有助于 Practice: Many

44、 people _ money _ the poor boy, which _ his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and _ it _ a newspaper. contributedtocontributed tocontributedto考題練練看考題練練看 Practice: Many people _ money _ the poor boy, which _ his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and _ it _ a

45、newspaper. contributedtocontributed tocontributedto考題練練看考題練練看vn. contribution 貢獻(xiàn)貢獻(xiàn)vmake great contributions to 對(duì)對(duì)有貢獻(xiàn)有貢獻(xiàn)思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)14. apart from 除除之外（既有相加又有之外（既有相加又有相減的含義）相減的含義）eg: vApart from my parents, I have no one to believe in. (相減相減)vApart from the cost, we need to think about how much time th

46、e job will take.、(相加相加)辨析辨析besides except apart fromexcept forv1. besides: “除了除了之外（還有）之外（還有）”(相加相加) There will be five of us for dinner, besides John.v2. except: “除除之外之外”; (相減相減) whenthatif I cycle to work, except when I rains.v3. except for 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體很好，就一點(diǎn)不好，強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)整體很好，就一點(diǎn)不好，強(qiáng)調(diào) 前后名詞性質(zhì)不同前后名詞性質(zhì)不同。 His compo

47、sition is good except for a spelling mistake.思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)vLi Long is a good student _ his laziness. A. except B. besides C. except for D. but【解析解析】 李紅是個(gè)好學(xué)生，就是有點(diǎn)懶。李紅是個(gè)好學(xué)生，就是有點(diǎn)懶。屬于整體很好，就一點(diǎn)不好。屬于整體很好，就一點(diǎn)不好?！敬鸢复鸢浮?C考題練練看考題練練看Using LanguageReading and Writing15. strict adj. 嚴(yán)厲的；嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膰?yán)厲的；嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?Mr. Liu is

48、 a strict teacher.vbe strict with sb 對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格vbe strict aboutin doing 對(duì)某事、做對(duì)某事、做某事要求嚴(yán)格某事要求嚴(yán)格eg: vThe Whites are very _ their children.vThe hospital is quite _visiting hours.strict withstrict about16. make sense 有意義、講得通有意義、講得通; 是明智作是明智作法。法。 (不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))eg: Your story doesnt make sense to me

49、.vIt makes sense for sb to do sth. 對(duì)某對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是明智的人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是明智的eg: It makes sense to save money while you can.vmake sense of 理解、明白理解、明白eg: Can you make sense of this poem?vIt doesnt make _ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. Asense Bopinion Cuse Ddifference 注意：注意： make n

50、o difference沒(méi)有影響，沒(méi)什么不沒(méi)有影響，沒(méi)什么不同同 make (full) use of (充分充分)利用利用 A 考題練練看考題練練看17. cautious adj. 謹(jǐn)慎的，小心的vbe cautious about sth/doing sth 對(duì)（做）某事非常小心謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)（做）某事非常小心謹(jǐn)慎eg. He is cautious about telling the truth.v區(qū)別區(qū)別 cautious 和和 carefulvcautious 指因?yàn)閾?dān)心某事危險(xiǎn)或不明智而緩慢指因?yàn)閾?dān)心某事危險(xiǎn)或不明智而緩慢行事或小心謹(jǐn)慎；行事或小心謹(jǐn)慎；vcareful 并非擔(dān)心害怕，但

51、為確保萬(wàn)無(wú)一失而并非擔(dān)心害怕，但為確保萬(wàn)無(wú)一失而做事小心。做事小心。vBe careful! vShe looked around cautiously and then walked away.18. reject vt. refuse to accept or consider sth _eg: to reject an offer/a suggestion/a decision She rejected his offer of marriage. refuse to accept sb for a job _eg: I have been rejected by all the uni

52、versity not use or publish _eg. Imperfect articles are rejected by our quality control. 質(zhì)量差的文章都被我們質(zhì)檢質(zhì)量差的文章都被我們質(zhì)檢人員拒絕了。人員拒絕了。拒絕接受，不予考慮拒絕接受，不予考慮拒收，不錄用拒收，不錄用(因質(zhì)量差因質(zhì)量差)不用，不出版不用，不出版辨析：辨析：reject與與refuse的區(qū)別的區(qū)別vrefuse一般用詞，指拒絕別人的請(qǐng)求、幫一般用詞，指拒絕別人的請(qǐng)求、幫助、邀請(qǐng)等，其后可跟不定式。助、邀請(qǐng)等，其后可跟不定式。vreject正式用詞，指拒絕申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求，建正式用詞，指拒絕申請(qǐng)，

53、請(qǐng)求，建議，提議；不錄用，不采納；其后不能跟議，提議；不錄用，不采納；其后不能跟不定式。不定式。eg. He refused to discuss this matter. I politely refused their invitation. The proposal was firmly rejected.思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)19. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中只有你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行

54、星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清楚。其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清楚。v only if 只有；只要只有；只要, ,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 Only if you work hard can you get high scores.v當(dāng)以當(dāng)以only引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放于句首時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放于句首時(shí)，為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，句子需要倒裝。為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，句子需要倒裝。 Only when the war was over was he able to get back to work. Only in this way can I solve the problem.v 但是但是only 放句首修飾

55、主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝。放句首修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝。 Only you can help me finish the work.思維袋袋庫(kù)思維袋袋庫(kù)2. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text?A. Because cholera caused some deaths.B. Because it got its name from Queen Victoria.C. Because cholera was the most deadly disease of its day.D. Because it was defeated with the help of the king.3. Whats the main