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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上仁愛英語八年級下冊 語法復(fù)習(xí)及配套練習(xí) 一,系動詞及用法。 大多數(shù)聯(lián)系動詞后面接形容詞,seem后還可接不定式, be后可接副詞、名詞、介詞短語等。聯(lián)系動詞和后面的表語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語。初中階段常見的聯(lián)系動詞有be , look(看起來),seem(似乎,好像),feel(感覺,感到),sound(聽起來),smell(聞起來),taste(嘗起來),get(變),become(變得,成為),turn(變),go(變),grow(變),等。 表示變化的系動詞的區(qū)別: 天氣變化用get;&
2、#160;顏色的變化用turn; 由好變壞用go; 逐漸變化用grow; 好變壞、壞變好用become 或get;成為用become. 翻譯下列句型: 面包變酸了(sour)._ 這朵花聞起來很香sweet_ 這種食物嘗起來是咸的(salty)_ 那個婦女瘋了。_她似乎很擔(dān)心。_ 她感到煩惱。_這首歌聽起來很動聽。_樹木變得越來越綠。_他變得越來越老。_ 天氣變得越來越暖和。_ 似乎要下雨。_保持健康。 _最后,她成為了一名女警察。_我感到失望。_二,狀語從句
3、160;種類 連接詞 注意點 時間狀語 when, while, before, after, until, as soon as, 主句表示將來意義時,從句須用一般現(xiàn)在時(主將從現(xiàn));while引導(dǎo)的從句中動詞一般是延續(xù)性的;until用在肯定句中主句動詞是延續(xù)性的,而否定句中主句動詞為短暫性的。 地點狀語 where, 原因狀語 because, as, since
4、, because語氣最強,since較弱,表示大家都明了的原因,as又次之。條件狀語 if, unless, as long as, 從句中動詞時態(tài)不可用將來時,常用一般時代替 目的狀語 so that, in order that, so that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情態(tài)動詞 結(jié)果狀語 sotha
5、t, suchthat時間狀語從句,其連接詞有:after, before, when, as, as soon as, until (till), while, since, by 1 until (till) 直到,在用 until 表達時間狀語的句子中,主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇。如動詞是持續(xù)性動詞,它要用肯定句,如:I studied hard _ 12
6、o'clock last night.如果動詞是瞬間截止性動詞,則要用否定句,如:He _ go to bed_ until his mother came back. 2 在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時表示將來。它們可能是主句用一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時,如:If it rains, they won't go to the park on
7、Sunday.as 強調(diào)隨著時間推移,當(dāng)時。 考試中常見的考點有:要學(xué)生區(qū)別是條件、時間狀語從句還是賓語從句,因在賓語從句中該用什么時態(tài)用什么時態(tài),如:I want to know if he will come here tomorrow. if it rains, he will not come. 原因狀語從句中主要是 because, 因為.表達的因果關(guān)系最強,如:H
8、e didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard since 應(yīng)譯為"既然",如:Since you were ill yesterday, I left some notes on your desk. as 應(yīng)譯為"由于",如:
9、60;As it is too hot we'd better go swimming. since 與 as 所表達的因果關(guān)系遠比 because 弱得多。而 for 表達的因果關(guān)系最弱。它不能用于句首,如: He studies hard, for he wants to go to college. 比較狀語從句中
10、有同級比較 as as, 要注意的有兩點: as as 中間要用原級而不是比較級。 用形容詞還是副詞,如:Mary writes as carefully as Tom.Mary is as careful as Tom. 狀語從句練習(xí) 1. _ hes old, he can still carry this h
11、eavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? I think he will come i
12、f he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _ into
13、160;the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help &
14、#160;D. falls; helping 4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will
15、stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the children _ cros
16、s the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after 7. I was late for class
17、0;yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.
18、160; A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little
19、160; B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less 10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to p
20、aly. A. before B. after C. when D. while 11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as
21、0;if D. unless 12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though
22、 13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 14. He took off
23、0;his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk. A.
24、60;a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. Mary had _ much work to do that she st
25、ayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A.
26、0;Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 1
27、9. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The
28、160;moment 20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二. 根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子 1. 布魯斯太太對學(xué)生非常親切,以至于學(xué)生都很喜歡她。
29、 Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _they all_ her very much . 2. 只要我們竭盡全力,父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _
30、60;_ we try our best. 3. 你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎? Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai. 4. 雖然她很忙,她還堅持自學(xué)英語。 _ _ _ _, she kept on lear
31、ning English by herself. 5. 他長大后想當(dāng)一名老師。 He wants to be a teacher _ _ _ _. 6 如果人人為保護環(huán)境做出貢獻,世界將會變得更美好。 _ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment,
32、;the world will become much more beautiful. 7. 李明昨天沒來上學(xué),因為他病了。 Li Ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _.三,賓語從句 1. 賓語從句的連接詞 賓語從句是一種主從復(fù)合句,在句中作及物動詞或
33、介詞的賓語。根據(jù)賓語從句原先(做賓語之前)的句式,我們把賓語從句分為三類。 1). 賓語從句原先是陳述句的,由that連接。that只有語法作用,沒有實在的意義,在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如:He said. He wanted to stay at home. He said (that) he wanted to stay at
34、60;home. She doesnt know. She is seriously ill. She doesnt know_ I am sure . He will succeed. I am sure _.2). 賓語
35、從句原先是特殊疑問句的,由其本身疑問詞連接。連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。例如: Do you know?Who (whom) are they waiting for? Do you know who (whom) they a
36、re waiting for? Can you tell me? Where is the No.3 bus stop ? _ I dont know. Why is the train late?_ 3).賓語從句原先是一般疑問句的, 由if或whether。If和whether在句中
37、的意思是“是否”。例如: I want to know. Does he live there? I want to know if he lives there? He asked me. Was there
38、a book store on Center Street? _2. 賓語從句的語序 賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句(主謂式)的語序。例如: I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Ca
39、n you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting. 3. 賓語從句的時態(tài) 1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時,賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。 如: I dont think (that) you are
40、;right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時,賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時, 過去進行時, 過去將來時,過去完成時)。例如: He asked what tim
41、e it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S.
42、160;soon. 3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理,其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如: Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.1They want
43、 to know _ do to help us. A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they 2His teacher _ he _&
44、#160;bright and _ he was worth teaching. A. didnt think; was; that B. thought was; whether C. didnt think; was; ×
45、0; D .thought; wasn´t; × 3_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 學(xué)習(xí)賓
46、語從句要抓住三要素:連接詞、語序和時態(tài)。 1.引導(dǎo)詞 1從句為陳述句,常選擇引導(dǎo)詞that或?qū)hat省略,直接與主句相連。 2從句為一般疑問句,常選擇引導(dǎo)詞if或whether。在 whether or not 結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用 if 替換。3從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑問代、副詞作引導(dǎo)詞。注意:當(dāng)who為主語時,句式為:who+謂語+其他 2.判斷時態(tài)情
47、況 1主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,從句為各種時態(tài)情況。 2主句是一般過去時,從句為各種相應(yīng)過去時態(tài)注意;描繪客觀事實,用一般現(xiàn)在時。 The teacher told the children that the sun_ round. A. was B. is C. were
48、0; D. are 2 I believe that our team_ the basketball match. A. win B. won C. will win D. wins 3 I dont know_&
49、#160;to visit the old man. A. whether B. if C. that D. who3.賓語從句的用法 1that引導(dǎo)賓語從句無意義,不充當(dāng)句子成分常省略。但下列情況除外: (1)介詞賓語從句的that不省略 (2)and連接的幾個從句,第二個從句以
50、后的從句的that不省略。 He told me (that) he had two sons and that they both had gone to college. (3)在動詞+it+賓語補足語+賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中,that不省略。 I heard it said that he had gone
51、0;abroad We found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time 2.Whether,if 引導(dǎo)賓語從句:兩詞可互換,但是下列情形除外: (1)whether從句中有or not (2)介詞后用whether. Eerything depends
52、0;on whether you agree with us 3賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序 False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job. Right: He is wondering _ finish this difficult
53、160;job. 4 帶有賓語從句的復(fù)合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 即否定前移。 F: I think he doesnt like the English teacher. . T: I _ think he _ the English teacher. 5. 主句一般過去時態(tài),從句也要用過去時態(tài);即主過從過。
54、0; False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner. Right: He wanted to know _ _ _ crying in the corner.1. I don't know _
55、60;he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That
56、 D. if; If 2. I don't know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come
57、60; C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 3. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. what
58、0; B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?
59、60;A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to
60、0;know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking
61、; D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live
62、C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train&
63、#160;leave D. the train leaves 8. I don't know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two playersC.
64、 the two players are how old D. howold the two players are 9. The small children don't know _. A. what is their stockings in
65、;B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _. A. wha
66、t does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy
67、;living in China? Could you tell us?Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China? 2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.He asked me _
68、 the girl _ some help 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either. _ Jim _Tom is a student. 4. When does the train
69、leave? I want to know. I want to know _ the train _. 5. They went home after they had finished their homework. They _ go home _ th
70、ey had finished their homework 6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday. 四,形容詞和副詞比較等級
71、: 形容詞和副詞的比較等級分為原級,比較級和最高級。比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成一般是在形容詞和副詞后加-er和-est, 多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)詞前加more 和most。 1. 同級比較時常常用 asas以及not so(as)as 如:I am not so good a player as you are. 2. 可以修飾比較級的詞有:much,
72、60;many, a lot, even, a bit, a little 3. 表示一方隨另一方變化時用“the +比較級the +比較級”句型。 如:The harder you work, the more progress you will make. 4. 用比較級來表達最高級的意思。如:I have never spent
73、160;a more worrying day. 5. 表示倍數(shù)的比較級有如下2種句型: Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours. 副詞比較級基本用法。 副詞的比較等級形式與變化與形容詞大致相同,以后綴-ly 結(jié)尾的比較級和
74、最高級大多在前面加 more 和 most (1) 原級。As + adj. / adv. 原級+ as 和一樣。 (2) 比較級。 Adj. / adv. 比較級 + than 比更 (3) 最高級。三者或三者以上比較時,常用 the +&
75、#160;adj. / adv. 最高級 + in/of(比較范圍) 副詞最高級前可以省略 the *否定比較級可用 less + adj. / adv. 原級+ than. *同級比較中第一個as前面用序數(shù)詞或量詞修飾,可表示倍數(shù)關(guān)系。 *形容詞和副詞比較級前用much a lot 等修飾,表示不同程度。 *借助other、else 或否定詞,比較級形
76、式可用來表示最高級概念。 (4) the + 比較級,the + 比較級。 表示 越越 (5) 比較級 + and + 比較級。 表示 越來越 1. 原級:表示A與B在某方面相同。asas,not as/so as . 注意:not as / so as = less than 不及;不如.
77、60;less+原形,否定的比較級. eg. This book isnt as interesting as that one = This book is _ _ _ that one. =That book is _ _ _this one. 2.比較級:兩者進行比較(常與than連用)
78、;Which is _ useful, this one or that one? 哪本書更有趣,這本還是那本? 3.最高級:三者(或三者以上)進行比較(常與表范圍的in , of短語連用) 1)Shanghai is the _(big) city in China. 2)He runs _(fast) in our class. 3)
79、He is the _(tall) of the three boys. 4.形、副比較等級的其他用法 1) “比較級and 比較級” 表示 “越來越”lazier and lazier 越來越懶. 注意:多音節(jié)詞用此結(jié)構(gòu)時應(yīng)為 more and more + (形、副). more and more beautiful 越來
80、越漂亮 2) “the比較級,the比較級” “越,越,” _you are, _ you will get.你越懶,收獲越少。 注意: the 后是用形容詞還是副詞。 你越細心。The more _ you are. =The more _ you do. 3) “the比較級of +二者” “二者中較的一個”Lucy
81、60;is the _(young) of the twins. 4)表示二者相差多少用 “具體數(shù)量 + 比較級” My brother is_ _ _ than me.(大兩歲) 5)表示“是幾倍”時用“twice; three times等 + asas” This book _ _ as _as that
82、0;one. 這本書的價錢是那本書的兩倍。 He has _ _ as _ books as I have 他擁有的書是我擁有的四倍。 6)區(qū)別older / elder與farther / furtherolder(年齡較老的)elder(指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的)eg. My _ brother is _ than me. farther
83、0;(指距離“較遠的”)further(指抽象事物的“更進一步的”) He went abroad for _ studies. Beijing is _ from our hometown than Chongqing. 1. 比較級前用a little 一點兒; much / a lot even / still,表示“得多 ; 更
84、. 1) a little bigger 大一點兒 2)much more 多得多3)even heavier更重 但注意:不能在比較級前加so; too; very; quite等。這些詞用在原形前。 2.比較級必須是同類事物相比(即as; than后的詞應(yīng)與主語是The同類事物),注意常用漏的代詞有:that; those; one; ones。 My hair is l
85、onger than _ (she) The silk or woolen scarves feel softer than _made of cotton3.個體與整體相比,不能包括個體,常用“any other + 單數(shù)名詞”來進行比較。 1)Betty is cleverer than any student in her clas
86、s ( × ) 正:Betty is cleverer than _ _ student in her class.= Betty is cleverer than ( _ ) _ students in her class. =Betty is c
87、leverer than _ _ in her class. = _ _ is clever than Betty. =Betty is the _in her class.2)China is bigger than _ _ in Africa.中國比非洲的任何一個國家都大。 3) China
88、 is bigger than _ _ _in Asia. 中國比亞洲任何一個其他國家大。 *4.使用最高級時應(yīng)把主語包括在范圍內(nèi)。 Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( × ) (all her sisters已排除了Mary) 改:Mary is the t
89、allest of all the sisters. 5.表示“第二、第三”時,可在最高級前加“second , third, ”(但“第一”可以省略用first)Yellow River is the _ _ river in China.1.Your idea sounds much _ than his. A, interesting
90、60; B, interested C, more interesting D, more interested 2.In my opinion, Tim doesnt write English _his sister. A, as clear as
91、60;B, so clear as C, more clearly as D, as clearly as 3.Simon is a fast runner. John runs even faster. But Liu Xiang runs _. A, f
92、aster B, a bit faster C, fast D, fastest 4.Shanghai is my hometown. It is one of _ in China. A, the biggest city B
93、, the biggest cities C, a biggest city D, the big city 5.Their English songs sounded _. I think they must get the first prize. A, well
94、 B, wonderful C, sweetly D, wonderfully 6.It is _ to work out this maths problem. You neednt ask others. A, very easily B,
95、60;easy enough C, enough easily D, enough easy 7.I dont like buying clothes. I like to spend money collecting stamps _. A, too B,
96、160;either C, also D, instead 8.I ran _ than Maria in the 400-metre race. A, much fast B, more fast C, much faster
97、0; D, more faster 9.Simon is a fast runner. John runs even faster. But Liu Xiang runs _. A, faster B, the fastest C, fast
98、; D, fastest 10.Mary used to be the tallest girl in Class Two. But now Alice is _ than Mary. A, tall B, taller C, tallest
99、 D, the tallest 11.I think Liu Xiang, the famous runner, will be _ star in Asia and in the world as well. A, hot B, hotter
100、C, hottest D, the hottest 12.Their English songs sound _. I like them. A, well B, wonderful C, sweetly D, wonderfully 13.Im
101、 sure he can run _ to win the first prize. A, enough fast B, fast enough C, too fast D, so fast 14.Thatll be _ important lecture,
102、 you mustnt miss it. A, such a B, such an C, a such D, so an 15.Since China has been a member nation of WTO, English
103、 is _ useful than before. A, far B, most C, more D, very 16.Rose caught a _ cold and has been _ ill for days. A,
104、0;bad, bad B, bad, badly C, badly, bad D, badly, badly 17.Supermarkets are necessary. People can spend _ time finding things they want,&
105、#160;but they usually spend _ money than they want. A, less, less B, less, more C, fewer, less D, fewer, more 18.Of all the ac
106、tresses, she speaks English _. A, the most fluent B, most fluently C, better D, the most beautiful 19.The green tea smells _. I
107、0;like it. A, wonderfully B, wonderful C, well D, beautifully 20.It is not easy to learn English well. We need to practise as
108、;_ as possible. A, soon B, more C, much D, harder 21.In China families are becoming _ with _ children. A, small, few
109、160;B, smaller, fewer C, smallest, fewest D, smaller, less 22.Why does she look so _? Did she hail in the exam again? A, interested
110、B, exciting C, unhappy D, surprise 23.The boss tried to finish the work with _ money and _ people. A, less, fewer B, fewer, few C, few, less, D, little, less 24.Mike went to school today because he felt&
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