情態(tài)動詞精編

1、Grammar情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞一一.can 1). 表示能力表示能力 No one can do it。2). 表許可表許可。 You can sit here.3). 表示客觀可能性，表示客觀可能性，“有時可能會有時可能會” Even an experienced teacher can sometimes makes mistakes. It can be pretty cold in winter.4). 表示說話人吃驚、懷疑等，用于否定、疑問、表示說話人吃驚、懷疑等，用于否定、疑問、感嘆句中。感嘆句中。 How can you be so careless. The story can

2、t be true. Can this be true?5). can 后跟動詞原形，表示對現(xiàn)在后跟動詞原形，表示對現(xiàn)在情況的否定和疑問推測情況的否定和疑問推測1. Mr Li has gone to Beijing, the man at the gate cant be him。2. The watch is not yours. Who elses can it be? 6). Can have done表示對過去的行表示對過去的行為的懷疑和不肯定，通常用在為的懷疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句否定句和和疑問句疑問句中。中。1. Can they have won the basketball

3、 match?2. It couldnt have been Mr. Green. He has gone to New York. 7). could(不用can)+have done,在肯定句中表示“本來可以而沒能”，或“可能已經(jīng).吧”.1. I could have passed my exam easily, but I made too many stupid mistakes.2.You could have reported to me earlier，but you didnt.3. He didnt come last night. He could have gone ab

4、road.v8).phrases:vcannot help but do不得不做vcant help doing情不自禁做某事vcannot/cant/can never 與too連用,表示越怎么樣越好;再怎么樣也不過分veg:vI cannot help but resign.vShe couldnt help laughing at the news.vYou cannot pay too much attention to reading.I talked for a long time and in the end I was able to make her believe me.

5、The fire spread quickly ,but in the end everyone was able to escape.After six hours climbing,we were able to reach the top of the mountain.Was/were able to 表示做成功了某事，表示做成功了某事， manage to do / succeed in doing二二may/might的用法的用法1).表示允許表示允許,有可以的意思有可以的意思( might 比比may語氣語氣更加婉轉(zhuǎn)更加婉轉(zhuǎn))-May I borrow your bike?-Ye

6、s ,you may.-No, you mustnt.( Youd better not.)-Might I trouble you to open the window,please?勞駕勞駕,請您把窗戶打開好嗎請您把窗戶打開好嗎?-You may indeed.(Not:You might indeed.)4 ) may/might后跟動詞原形，表示對現(xiàn)后跟動詞原形，表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推測。在情況的推測。may/might+have done表示對過去已發(fā)生行為的推測，意為表示對過去已發(fā)生行為的推測，意為“也也許許/或許（沒有）已經(jīng)或許（沒有）已經(jīng)”。一般只用于。一般只用于肯肯定句和否定句中

7、定句和否定句中1. He may/might be English.2. Its too late. I think he may have gone to bed.3. He may/might not have finished the work.2).表示推測表示推測,含有或許含有或許,大概或可能大概或可能(用于肯定句用于肯定句或否定句中或否定句中)We may go climbing this summer.He may not come tonight.3).may表示期望或祝愿表示期望或祝愿May your journey home safe and sound!May you b

8、oth be happy.May the New Year bring you all your heart desires.5).may/might as well 表示不妨或倒不如表示不妨或倒不如得好得好All the pubs are closing.we may as well go home.You never listenI might as well talk to a brick wall.6).may well “may well+do” 很可能很可能 ，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于be very likely to。He may well be proud of his son. 三三s

9、hall 1.shall 用于第二、三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人給對用于第二、三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人給對方的命令，警告，允諾或威脅。方的命令，警告，允諾或威脅。1)You shall go with me.(命令命令)2)You shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾允諾)3)He shall be punished.(威脅威脅) 2. shall用于第一、三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求用于第一、三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見和向?qū)Ψ秸埵?。對方的意見和向?qū)Ψ秸埵尽?)Shall we begin our class?（征求意見）（征求意見）

10、5)When shall Mike be able to leave hospital?(請示請示)3. 表示規(guī)章、法令、預(yù)言等，可譯為：表示規(guī)章、法令、預(yù)言等，可譯為：“必須必須” 6). Each competitor shall wear a number , according the competition rules. 7). This law shall come into effect on May 1st.v“The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sid

11、es,” declared the judge.(2004重慶卷重慶卷)vA.may B.shouldC.mustD.shallvExcuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.vYou _ have my computer if you dont take care of it.（2004湖南卷）湖南卷）v A. shant B.might not v C. neednt D. shouldntThe room is so dirty. _we clean it? Of course（2003北京春季卷）北京春季卷）A.

12、 Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do四四should表示表示1).表示勸告和建議表示勸告和建議, She should keep your promise.2). “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old.3).表推測表推測 They should have arrived so far.-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.-They should be ready by 12

13、:00.4). should/ought to+have done用于肯定句時，表示“本該做某事而實(shí)際上沒做”，用于否定句時，則表示“不該做的事反而做了”。1.You should have told him a week ago.2.You ought not to have taken the magazine out of the reading room.五五must, mustnt1.must用于肯定句中表示用于肯定句中表示“必須必須” - Must I hand in my exercises now? - Yes, you must. (No, you neednt.)2.Mus

14、t語氣強(qiáng)烈，語氣強(qiáng)烈，表示表示“偏偏偏偏”。Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter must go and do the opposite. 3.mustnt表示表示“禁止禁止” You mustnt play in the street.Must+do/be doing 可以對現(xiàn)在、可以對現(xiàn)在、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行肯定的推測現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行肯定的推測1.Judging from his accident, he must be from the south.2.Tom bought a lot of apples. He mus

15、t like eating apples.3.It is eleven oclock at night and the lights are off. They must be sleeping now.Must +have done 表示對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為進(jìn)行推測，意為“想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定作了某事”。1.It must have rained last night, for the road was very muddy. 2.He must have gone to Beijing. He must be reading, isnt he?You must do it yourself,

16、dont you?He must have gone over the article, hasnt he?It must have rained last night, didnt it?表猜測語氣的反意疑問句的構(gòu)成表猜測語氣的反意疑問句的構(gòu)成vJohn, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour? （2005全國卷I）vAMustBCanCMayDNeedvTom , you leave all your clothes on the floor like this !v Awouldnt Bmustnt Cnee

17、dnt Dmay not vIs John coming by trainHe should, but he not He likes driving his car (2002全國卷) A.must B.can C.need D.may六六Will1).表示意志或意愿表示意志或意愿I will do my best to help you.2).與第二人稱連用與第二人稱連用,提出婉轉(zhuǎn)的請求提出婉轉(zhuǎn)的請求;would更加更加婉轉(zhuǎn)婉轉(zhuǎn)Will you wait for a moment ?Would you please say it again?3).表示傾向或習(xí)慣性動作表示傾向或習(xí)慣性動作T

18、he door wont open.I pushed and pushed but the piano wouldnt move.七七used to 和和would的區(qū)別的區(qū)別1.在表示過去重復(fù)的習(xí)慣時，在表示過去重復(fù)的習(xí)慣時， used to可用可用would代替。代替。 He would/used to take a walk near the forest in the evening. 2.used to 強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的行為同現(xiàn)在的對比，含有強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的行為同現(xiàn)在的對比，含有“過去怎樣而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣了過去怎樣而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣了”的意思；而的意思；而would則單純表示過去的習(xí)慣性動作，常和則單

19、純表示過去的習(xí)慣性動作，常和often, every day等連用。等連用。 She isnt what she used to be. We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story.3.表示過去的狀態(tài)，只能用表示過去的狀態(tài)，只能用 used to，不可，不可用用would。例如：。例如：There used to be a park.以前這里有一個以前這里有一個公園。公園。v（1）When he was there, he go to that coffee shop at the corner after wo

20、rk every day. (96上海卷)vA. would B. should v C. had better D. might v（2）Write to me when you get home.（2001北京春季卷）v. _ vA.I must B.I should C.I will D.I can八八need的用法的用法 1.need的情態(tài)動詞用法的情態(tài)動詞用法 need表示表示“需要需要”或或“必要必要”之意之意,通常用在否定通常用在否定句和疑問句中句和疑問句中He neednt pay for it.-Need you go now?-Yes, I must./No, I neendt.2. need的實(shí)義動詞用法的