初中英語語法之介詞

1、Prepositions 1.Look me.( ) 2.He goes to school bike.( ) 3.He is interested drawing.( ) 4.The book is the desk.( ):通常用在_、_、_ 之前，表示某個人、事物/東西、事件與 另一個之間的_。關(guān)系關(guān)系 1. at the cinema, in the hospital _ 2. Write with a pen, go by bus _ 3. in summer, on Septemper 1st _ 4. in the east, to the west of _ 5. by the

2、 way, at last, in the end _時間介詞時間介詞地點介詞地點介詞方式介詞方式介詞固定搭配固定搭配方位介詞方位介詞1.at six oclock, at noon, at that time, at half past three, at mid-night _2.on Sunday, on New Years Day, on March 21st, on my birthday _3. in three days, in a week, in a month, in May, in 1998 _4. in the morning, in the afternoon , i

3、n the evening _ 但： on the morning of May 1st5. at night = _ _ night6. in the day = in the _intheday-time一一. .時間介詞時間介詞1. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Paris _ the morning of July 9. A. on B. in C. at2. The twins were born _ a Friday evening. A. in B. on C. at3. We travelled overni

4、ght to Paris and arrived _5 oclock _ the morning. A. on, in B. at, in C. at, in4. We finish our lessons _ 11:30 and then have a rest _ noon. A. in , in B. at ,at C. in, at2、in after Eg. He will be back three oclock. He will be back in a few minutes. He came back after three days. after 一段時間，與一段時間，與將

5、來時將來時連用，表過一段時間之后連用，表過一段時間之后段時間，與段時間，與過去時過去時連用，表過一段時間之后連用，表過一段時間之后點時間，與點時間，與將來時將來時連用，表多少時間之后連用，表多少時間之后 1. Mr Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back _ two weeks. A. for B. after C. in 2. Our manager came back _ an hour. A. in B. after C. at 3. They have been here _ an hour. A. for B. after C. in3.

6、for + 時段 since + 時段 + ago since + 時間點 since + 一般過去時句子常用于現(xiàn)在完成時常用于現(xiàn)在完成時1.He came here _ 1992, and he has lived here _ 1992. A. in, for B. in , since C. since, since2.I have known Li Lei _ over five years. A. in B. since C. for3. It has been three years since he _ here. A. come B. came C. comes4. The o

7、ld man has been away _ two years ago. A. in B. since C. for4. before 在在之前之前 by 到到時為止時為止,不遲于不遲于1.He wont come back _ five . A. before B. after C. by2.The work must be finished _ Friday. A. at B. by C. after3.We had three meetings _ last Friday. A. in B. before C. by Till/until 在肯定句中在肯定句中“到到為止為止”要用要用延

8、續(xù)性延續(xù)性動詞。在否定句中動詞。在否定句中notuntil “直到直到才才”動詞要用動詞要用短暫性短暫性動詞。動詞。fromto表示從表示從到到Since+過去時間點過去時間點/ for+一段時間一段時間常與常與現(xiàn)現(xiàn) 在完成時在完成時連用。提問時用連用。提問時用how longIn+一段時間表示將來時，提問時常用一段時間表示將來時，提問時常用 how soon1.They often have parties _ Christmas.2.They plan to go to Hainan _ vacation.3._the morning _ March 31,she made an impo

9、rtant decision in her life.Fill in the blanks:atonOn4._ the lifetime, Hepburn earned four more Oscar nominations.5.It has rained _ the day before yesterday.6.It was a very long day for Jack. He didnt get home from school _ six oclock. sinceDuringuntilof7. Wait here _ the rain stops.8._get off the bu

10、s _ it stops.untiluntilDont二二. .地點介詞地點介詞 1.on 在在的上面的上面,與表面接觸與表面接觸 over (反義詞反義詞 under) 在在的正上方的正上方 above (反義詞反義詞 below) 在在上方上方1.Look!There is a bridge _the river. A. on B. over C. above2.Can you see the egg _ the plate? A. on B. in C. over3.The light_ us is very bright. A. over B. under C. on 4. The t

11、emperature will fall_ zero at night. A. below B. above C. over5.Suddenly there is a loud voice _ the tree. A. below B. above C. on6.There is a clock on the wall. Its _ the blackboard. A. on B. in C. above7.A road is _our city and there is much traffic _it. A. on, over B. above, on C. over, on8.The s

12、un rose _the horizon(地平線地平線). A. on B. above C. over 注意注意: on 接觸平面接觸平面 over 在平面的正上方在平面的正上方 above 在上方在上方2. in + 大地方大地方 at + 小地方小地方 on +門牌，某層樓門牌，某層樓1.My uncle live _ F12 _the fifth floor. A. at, on B. in, on C. on, at2.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station to the hotel. A.

13、at, in B. in, on C. in, at3.in里面，排、行、組里面，排、行、組on左、右邊左、右邊at前、后部前、后部1.We are _Team One. I sit _the front of the classroom. Li Ping is _my left. A. on, in , at B. in ,in ,at C. in, at, on2.I have a good seat. I sit _the bus. A. in the front of B. in front of 3.The teacher is standing _ our class and gi

14、ve a talk. A. in the front of B. in front of in front of 是在物體是在物體外部外部的前面的前面 例如例如: 教室前有個花園。教室前有個花園。 e.g. There is a garden in front of the classroom. in the front of 是在物體是在物體內(nèi)部內(nèi)部的前面的前面 例如例如: 教室前有張桌子。教室前有張桌子。 e.g. There is a desk in the front of the classroom. at一般指小地方；一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某個范圍內(nèi)。一般指大地方或某個范

15、圍內(nèi)。 over, above和和on均表示均表示“在在上面上面”, ,over反反義詞是義詞是under; above反義詞是反義詞是below; on指兩個指兩個物體表面有物體表面有接觸接觸。 in front of 表示表示“在在前面前面”, , 反義詞是反義詞是behind; ; in the middle of 表示表示“在在的中間的中間” ” 。 between表示在表示在兩者之間兩者之間, , among表示表示“在在中中”數(shù)目為三者或三者以上數(shù)目為三者或三者以上, , around表示圍繞在四周。表示圍繞在四周。 beside表示表示“在在旁邊旁邊”, , inside表示表示

16、“在在內(nèi)內(nèi)”, , outside表示表示“在在外外” ” 。 Conclusion: near/by/next to表示表示“在在旁邊旁邊” 。 opposite表示表示“在在對面對面” 。 1.Mary sits _ (在附近) the window. 2.She is sitting _ (在中間) Betty and Tom.3.Yao Ming is a popular basketball player _ (在之中) the Chinese people.4.Our teacher is standing _ (在前面) the blackboard.Fill in the bl

17、anks: betweenamongnear/in front ofby5.My teacher says the earth moves _ (圍繞) the sun.6.There is a shop _ (在對面) our school. aroundopposite1.in 在某范圍之內(nèi)在某范圍之內(nèi) to 在某范圍之外在某范圍之外 on 與某地相鄰、接壤與某地相鄰、接壤 1.China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C. to, in 2.Mongolia is _the

18、north of China. A. in B. on C. to三三. .方位介詞方位介詞 三組表示位置關(guān)系的介詞比較 B is _ the east of A. D is _ the east of A. C is _ the east of A.1. Japan is _ the east of Asia.2. Japan is _ the east of China.3. Korea is _ the northeast of China. northsouthwesteastABCDintoonintoonTask 3: Run quickly!throughacrossupdown

19、overround四、四、Prepositions of movement 運動介詞運動介詞橫穿橫穿從內(nèi)部穿過從內(nèi)部穿過 across 表面穿過表面穿過 through 中間穿過中間穿過 1.The sunshine come into the room _ the window. A. across B. through C. past 2.You can go _ the road here. A. across B. through C. past 3.Can you swim _ the river. A. across B. through C. past up 表示表示“向上向上”

20、, ,其反義詞其反義詞 down 表示表示“向向下下”。 along 表示表示“沿著沿著” ” 。 into 表示進入的過程表示進入的過程; onto 為放上去的過程為放上去的過程; out of 為為“在在外部外部” ” 。 over 表示表示“越過越過,跨過跨過,在在正上方正上方”。 Conclusion: from 表示表示“ “ 從從, ,自自”; ;to 表示表示“向向,往往,到到” ” 。 off 表示表示“脫離脫離, ,不觸及不觸及”。l round 表示表示“環(huán)繞環(huán)繞,圍繞圍繞”。1.Millie is walking _ the road. (沿著)2.Simon is sw

21、imming _ the pool. (橫穿)3.Eddie is jumping _ the chair. (越過)4.A train is going _ the tunnel. (穿過) 5.Kitty is climbing _ the hill. (向上)6.Amy is walking _ the sofa _ the window.7.Sandy is going _ the library. (去) 8.Hobo is walking _ the table. (環(huán)繞著)Fill in the blanks:alongthroughacrossoverupfromtotorou

22、nd9.He suddenly returned _. (在一個寒冷的雨夜)10.More and more people like to sleep _. (窗戶開著)11.He will be back _.(三天后)Fill in the blanks:in three dayson a cold rainy day with the windows openMultiple choice:1. Wheres Alice? We are all here _ her. A. besides B. about C. except D. with2. She sent her friend

23、a card a present. A. on B. as C. for D. of3. The film is directed _ Tim Burton. A. to B. for C. as D. by 4. Alice was late _ the party. A. for B. to C. with D. of5. She had been waiting _ 10 years. A. with B. for C. of D. at6. Alice is the girl _ blue. A. with B. of C. in D. on_五五. .表方式、方法、手段表方式、方法、

24、手段1. in 用材料、語言用材料、語言2. with 用工具、某物用工具、某物3. by 用方式、方法、手段用方式、方法、手段 1.My mother often go to work _ bike. A. in B. on C. by 2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me _ phone. A. through B. by C. on 3.The teacher is writing on the paper _ red ink and the blackboard _a piece of chalk.

25、A. with, with B. in ,with C. with ,in4.Can you say it _ English? A. in B. with C. by5.You can get some information _ the computer. A. in B. on C. by1.between 在兩者之間在兩者之間 among 在在當中（三者或以上當中（三者或以上） during 在在期間期間 1.Some supermarkets open _ 8:30 and1.Some supermarkets open _ 8:30 and 8:00 p.m._ the Mid-A

26、utumn Day. 8:00 p.m._ the Mid-Autumn Day. A. at, during B. between, during C. between, in 2.They lived _ the mountains in the past. A. among B. between C. during 3.Dont sit _ the two girls. A. among B. between C. during六六. .其它介詞其它介詞2.except 除除之外，不包括之外，不包括 besidesbesides 除除之外，還包括之外，還包括 1.Everyone pas

27、sed the exam _ Tom. A. besides B. except C. for 2. _ Mr Li, five teachers went to the meeting. A. Besides B. Except C. Beside1.write with a pen, cut with a knife, lock with a key _使用工具用介詞使用工具用介詞 with2. see with our eyes, do with our hands, smell with our noses, eat with our mouths _使用器官用介詞使用器官用介詞 wi

28、thPrepositions of ways3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three languages _4. in a loud voice, in a low voice _5. in this way, in these ways , by this means _使用語言用介詞使用語言用介詞 in使用聲音用介詞使用聲音用介詞 in使用方法用介詞使用方法用介詞 in 或或 by6.by bike, by bus, by train, by plane, by ship, by car (on foot) by lan

29、d 陸路，陸路，by road 陸路陸路 by sea 水路，水路，by air 空運空運 _使用交通工具用使用交通工具用 by但：但：on the bike, on a bus, on a train, on the plane, on the ship, in the car介詞和動詞的固定搭配。介詞和動詞的固定搭配。(1)同一動詞和不同介詞的搭配：同一動詞和不同介詞的搭配：look at (看看) look for(找找)look after(照顧照顧) look over(檢查檢查)look out of (朝朝外面看外面看)look (a)round(環(huán)視環(huán)視)arrive in大地

30、方大地方(到達到達)arrive at小地方小地方(到達到達)hear of (聽說聽說)hear from(收到收到的來信的來信)spend錢錢on sth.(花錢做某事花錢做某事)spend時間時間(in) doing sth.(花時間做某事花時間做某事)同一介詞和不同動詞的搭配：同一介詞和不同動詞的搭配：ask for (要求要求)leave for (動身去動身去)send for (派人去請派人去請)pay for (付錢付錢)wait for (等待等待)agree with sb (同意某人同意某人)begin with (以以開始開始)help with (在在方面幫助方面幫助

31、)catch up with (趕上趕上)get on/along with (與與相處相處)make friends with (與與交朋友交朋友)(2)同一介詞和不同動詞的搭配：同一介詞和不同動詞的搭配：ask for (要求要求)leave for (動身去動身去)send for (派人去請派人去請)pay for (付錢付錢)wait for (等待等待)agree with sb (同意某人同意某人)begin with (以以開始開始)help with (在在方面幫助方面幫助)catch up with (趕上趕上)get on/along with (與與相處相處)make

32、friends with (與與交朋友交朋友)(3)其他的介詞和動詞的搭配：其他的介詞和動詞的搭配：listen to (聽聽)come from (來自來自)fall off (從從上摔下上摔下)try out (試驗試驗)knock at/on (敲敲)prefer.to. (比起比起來還是來還是好好)learn by oneself (自學自學)take care of (照顧照顧)stop.(from)doing (阻止阻止做做)help oneself to食物食物 (隨便吃隨便吃)get to (到達到達)Thanks to (多虧，由于多虧，由于)介詞和形容詞的常見搭配：介詞和形

33、容詞的常見搭配：be good at (在在方面好方面好)be weak in (在在方面差方面差)be good for (對對有好處有好處)be bad for (對對有壞處有壞處)be late for (遲到遲到)be sorry for (為為遺憾，抱歉遺憾，抱歉)be full of (充滿充滿)be busy with (忙于忙于)be angry with (對某人生氣對某人生氣)be afraid of (害怕害怕)be interested in (對對感興趣感興趣)be different from (與與不同不同)be strict with sb. in sth.(在某事上對某人嚴格在某事上對某人嚴格