石徑畢業(yè)設計翻譯

1、PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD FOR RESIDENTIAL COLD-FORMEDSTEEL FRAMINGSecond EditionPrepared forThe U.S. Department of Housingand Urban Development Office of Policy Development and ResearchWashington, DCCo-Sponsored by The American Iron and Steel InstituteWashington, DCandThe National Association of Home Buil

2、dersWashington, DCbyNAHB Research Center, Inc.400 Prince George's BoulevardUpper Marlboro, MD 20774-8731 August 1997CONTENTS5.0STEEL FLOOR FRAMING215.1Floor Construction215.2Floor to Foundation or Bearing Wall Connection215.3Allowable Joist Spans215.4Joist Bracing215.5Floor Cantilevers225.6Splic

3、ing225.7Framing of Floor Openings225.8Floor Trusses225.0STEEL FLOOR FRAMING5.1Floor ConstructionCold-formed steel framing members shall comply with the provisions of Section 2.0. Steel floors shall be constructed in accordance with this section and Figure 5.1.5.1.1Applicability LimitsThe applicabili

4、ty limits of Section 1.3 and Table 1.1 shall apply.5.1.2In-Line Framing. Load bearing steel floor framing, wall framing, and ceiling/roof framing shall be constructed in-line with the vertical load bearing members (i.e. studs) located below. A maximum tolerance of 3/4 inch (19 mm) between the center

5、lines of the in-line members shall be permitted in accordance with Figure 1.2.5.2Floor to Foundation or Bearing Wall ConnectionCold-formed steel floor framing shall be anchored to foundations, wood sills, or load bearing walls in accordance with Table 5.1 and Figures 5.1 through 5.10. Fastening of s

6、teel joists to other framing members shall be in accordance with Table 5.2. 5.3Allowable Joist SpansThe clear span of cold-formed steel floor joists shall not exceed the limits set forth in Table 5.3 for single spans and Table 5.4 for multiple spans. When continuous joist members are used for multip

7、le spans, the interior bearing supports shall be located within two feet (0.6 m) of mid-span of the steel joists, and the individual spans shall not exceed the applicable spans in the table. Floor joists shall have a bearing support length of not less than 1.5 inches (38 mm) for exterior wall suppor

8、ts and 3.5 inches (89 mm) for interior wall supports. Bearing stiffeners shall be installed at each joist bearing location in accordance with Section 2.9. The thickness of joist tracks shall be a minimum of 33 mils (0.84 mm) thick except when used as part of floor header or trimmer in accordance wit

9、h Section 5.7.5.4Joist BracingThe top flanges of floor joists shall be laterally braced by the application of floor fastened to the joists in accordance with Table 5.2. Floor joists with spans that exceed 12 feet (3.7 m) shall have the bottom flanges laterally braced in accordance with one of the fo

10、llowing:1. Gypsum board installed with minimum#6 screws in accordance with the applicable building code, or2. Continuous steel strapping installed in accordance with Figure 5.1 and 5.2. Steel straps shall be at least 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) in width and 33 mils (0.84 mm) in thickness. Straps shall be f

11、astened to the bottom flange of each joist with at least one #8 screw and shall be fastened to blocking with at least two #8 screws. Blocking or bridging (X-bracing) shall be installed between joists at a maximum spacing of 12 feet (3.7m) measured along the continuous strapping (perpendicular to the

12、 joist run). Blocking or bridging shall also be located at the termination of all straps.5.5 Floor CantileversFloor cantilevers for the second floor of a two-story building or the first floor of a one-story building shall not exceed 24 inches (610 mm) as illustrated in Figure 5.1. Cantilevers shall

13、support interior floor loading only. Cantilevers, not exceeding 24 inches (610 mm) and supporting one floor and roof (first floor of a two story building), shall be permitted provided that all cantilevered joists are doubled (nested or back-to-back). The doubled cantilevered joists shall extend a mi

14、nimum of 6 feet (1.8 m) toward the inside and shall be fastened with a minimum of two #8 screws spaced at 24 inches (610 mm) on center through the webs (for back-to-back) or flanges (for nested joists). Approved design is required for cantilevered areas supporting uniform live loads greater than 40

15、psf (1.92 kN/m2). 5.6SplicingJoists and other structural members shall not be spliced without an approved design. Splicing of tracks shall conform with Figure 5.11.5.7Framing of Floor OpeningsOpenings in floors shall be framed with header and trimmer joists. Header joist spans shall not exceed 8 fee

16、t (2.4 m) in length. Header and trimmer joists shall be fabricated from joist and track sections, which shall be of a minimum size and thickness as the adjacent floor joists and shall be installed in accordance with Figures 5.1, 5.12, and 5.13. Each header joist shall be connected to trimmer joists

17、with a minimum of four 2 inch x 2 inch (51 mm x 51 mm) clip angles. Each clip angle shall be fastened to both the header and trimmer joists with four #8 screws evenly spaced on each leg of the clip angle. The clip angles shall have a thickness not less than that of the floor joist.5.8Floor TrussesCo

18、ld-formed steel floor trusses shall be designed, braced, and installed in accordance with an approved design. Truss members shall not be notched, cut, or altered in any manner unless by an approved design. All trusses shall be aligned with load carrying members (i.e. studs) in the wall. Refer to AIS

19、I publication RG-9518 17 “Design Guide For Cold-Formed Steel Trusses” for additional guidance.Table 5.1Floor to Foundation or Bearing Wall Connection RequirementsFraming ConditionWind Speed (mph), Exposure, and Seismic Zones 1,2 Up to 90 A/B or 70 C or Seismic Zones 0, 1, 2, & 3Up to 110 A/B or

20、90 C or Seismic Zone 4Up to 110 CFloor joist to wall track of exterior steel load bearing wall per Figure 5.32 - #8 screws 3- #8 screws 4- #8 screws Joist track or end joist to bearing wall top track per Figure 5.31- #8 screw at 24" o.c1- #8 screw at 24" o.c.1- #8 screw at 12" o.c.Flo

21、or joist track or end joist to wood sill per Figure 5.4Steel plate spaced at 4 o.c. with 4-No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nailsSteel plate spaced at 2 o.c. with 4-No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nailsSteel plate spaced at 1 o.c. with 4-No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nailsFloor jo

22、ist track or end joist to foundation per Figure 5.51/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle spaced at 6 o.c. with 8- #8 screws1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle spaced at 4 o.c. with 8- #8 screws 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle spaced at 2 o.c. w

23、ith 8- #8 screws Cantilevered joist to foundation per Figure 5.61/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle spaced at 6 o.c. with 8- #8 screws1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle spaced at 4 o.c. with 8- #8 screws 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle space

24、d at 2 o.c. with 8- #8 screws Cantilevered joist to wood sill per Figure 5.7Steel plate spaced at 4 o.c. with 4-No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nailsSteel plate spaced at 2 o.c. with 4-No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nailsSteel plate spaced at 1 o.c. with 4-No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d

25、 common nailsCantilevered joist to wall track per Figure 5.81/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle spaced at 6 o.c. with 8- #8 screws 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle spaced at 4 o.c. with 8- #8 screws 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt and clip angle spaced a

26、t 2 o.c. with 8- #8 screws For SI:1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 psf = 0.0479 kN/m2, 1 mph = 1.61 km/hr, 1 foot = 0.3m.1Use the highest of the wind speed and exposure or the seismic requirements for a given site.2All screw sizes shown are minimum Table 5.2Floor Fastening Schedule1Description of Building Elemen

27、tsNumber and Size of FastenersSpacing of FastenersFloor joist to track of an interior load bearing wall per Figures 5.9 and 5.102 - #8 screwsEach joistFloor joist to track at end of joist2- #8 screwsOne per flange or two per bearing stiffenerSubfloor sheathing to floor joists#8 screws26 inches on ce

28、nter on edges and 10 inches on center at intermediate supportsFor SI:1 inch = 25.4 mm1All screw sizes shown are minimum.2Head styles shall be bugle-head, flat-head, or similar with a minimum head diameter of 0.29 inch(7 mm). Table 5.3Allowable Spans For Cold-Formed Steel Floor Joists1,2,3,4Single Sp

29、an33 ksi SteelNominal Joist30 psf Live Load40 psf Live LoadSize 5 SSpacing (inches)Spacing (inches)1216241216242 x 6 x 3311'-7"10'-7"9'-1"10'-7"9'-7"8'-1"2 x 6 x 4312'-8"11'-6"10'-0"11'-6"10'-5"9'-

30、1"2 x 6 x 5413'-7"12'-4"10'-9"12'-4"11'-2"9'-9"2 x 6 x 6814'-6"13'-2"11'-6"13'-2"12'-0"10'-6"2 x 6 x 9716'-1"14'-7"12'-9"14'-7"13'-3"11'-7

31、"2 x 8 x 3315'-8"13'-3"8'-10"14'-0"10'-7"7'-1"2 x 8 x 4317'-1"15'-6"13'-7"15'-6"14'-1"12'-3"2 x 8 x 5418'-4"16'-8"14'-7"16'-8"15'-2"13'-3&

32、quot;2 x 8 x 6819'-8"17'-11"15'-7"17'-11"16'-3"14'-2"2 x 8 x 9721'-10"19'-10"17'-4"19'-10"18'-0"15'-9"2 x 10 x 4320'-6"18'-8"15'-3"18'-8"16'-8"13&#

33、39;-1"2 x 10 x 5422'-1"20'-1"17'-6"20'-1"18'-3"15'-11"2 x 10 x 6823'-8"21'-6"18'-10"21'-6"19'-7"17'-1"2 x 10 x 9726'-4"23'-11"20'-11"23'-11"21'-9&q

34、uot;19'-0"2 x 12 x 4323'-5"20'-3"14'-1"20'-11"16'-10"11'-3"2 x 12 x 5425'-9"23'-4"19'-7"23'-4"21'-3"17'-6"2 x 12 x 6827'-8"25'-1"21'-11"25'-1"22

35、9;-10"19'-11"2 x 12 x 9730'-9"27'-11"24'-5"27'-11"25'-4"22'-2"For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 psf = 0.0479 kN/m2, 1 foot = 0.3m.1Table provides the maximum clear span in feet and inches.2Bearing stiffeners shall be installed at all supp

36、ort points and concentrated loads.3Deflection criteria: L/480 for live loads; L/240 for total loads.4Floor dead load = 10 psf (0.479 kN/m2)5For actual size refer to Table 2.1. Table 5.4Allowable Spans For Cold-Formed Steel Floor Joists1,2,3,4,5,6Multiple Spans33 ksi SteelNominal Joist30 psf Live Loa

37、d40 psf Live LoadSize 7Spacing (inches)Spacing (inches)1216241216242 x 6 x 3312'-10"10'-6"7'-10"11'-0"9'-0"6'-7"2 x 6 x 4315'-8"13'-6"11'-0"14'-0"12'-1"9'-10"2 x 6 x 5417'-7"15'-3

38、"12'-5"15'-9"13'-8"11'-2"2 x 6 x 6819'-6"17'-2"14'-0"17'-8"15'-4"12'-6"2 x 6 x 9721'-7"19'-7"16'-8"19'-7"17'-10"14'-11"2 x 8 x 3312'-9"10'

39、-2"7'-1"10'-9"8'-6"5'-8"2 x 8 x 4319'-5"16'-8"12'-6"17'-5"14'-3"10'-8"2 x 8 x 5423'-0"19'-11"16'-3"20'-6"17'-9"14'-6"2 x 8 x 6825'-10"22'-

40、5"18'-3"23'-2"20'-0"16'-4"2 x 8 x 9729'-4"26'-7"21'-11"26'-7"24'-0"19'-7"2 x 10 x 4320'-3"16'-5"12'-1"17'-3"13'-11"10'-2"2 x 10 x 5425'-6"22&#

41、39;-1"18'-0"22'-10"19'-9"15'-6"2 x 10 x 6830'-6"26'-5"21'-7"27'-4"23'-8"19'-3"2 x 10 x 9735'-4"31'-9"25'-11"32'-1"28'-5"23'-2"2 x 12 x 4319'-8"

42、;15'-9"11'-3"16'-7"13'-3"9'-0"2 x 12 x 5427'-8"23'-9"17'-10"24'-9"20'-4"15'-2"2 x 12 x 6832'-7"28'-3"23'-0"29'-2"25'-3"20'-7"2 x 12 x 9741'-3&q

43、uot;36'-7"29'-10"37'-5"32'-9"26'-9"For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 psf = 0.0479 kN/m2, 1 foot = 0.3m.1Table provides the maximum clear span in feet and inches to either side of the interior support.2Interior bearing supports for multiple span joists shall con

44、sist of structural (bearing) walls or beams.3Bearing stiffeners shall be installed at all support points and concentrated loads.4Deflection criteria: L/480 for live loads; L/240 for total loads.5Floor dead load = 10 psf (0.479 kN/m2)6Interior supports shall be located within two feet (610 mm) of mid

45、 span provided that each of the resulting spans does not exceed the appropriate maximum span shown in the table above.7 For actual size refer to Table 2.1.冷彎型鋼框架結構設計方法第二版為美國住房發(fā)展政策開發(fā)部門和華盛頓研究中心所準備由美國華盛頓鋼鐵研究所聯(lián)合主辦國家建筑協(xié)會，華盛頓NAHB研究中心，喬治王子的大道400號Marlboro.MD 20774-87311997.8目錄5.0 鋼樓板結構215.1 樓板結構215.2 樓板與基礎或

46、承重墻連接215.3安裝托梁的允許間距215.4托梁支撐215.5 懸臂樓板225.6 接合22 5.7開洞樓板框架225.8 樓板桁架225.0鋼樓板結構5.1 建筑樓板 冷彎鋼結構應該符合2.0部分提供的要求。鋼樓板應該按圖5.1的標準來修建。5.1.1適用性極限適用性極限應該參考第1.3部分和表1.1。5.1.2 線性結構承重的鋼樓板和屋頂應建造時應和豎向荷載的大小緊密聯(lián)系。軸線的最大的容許間距是3/4英寸（19mm）在圖1.2中是可以的。5.2 樓板與基礎或承重墻連接 冷彎鋼結構樓板和基礎、木基石或者承重墻的錨固長度參考表5.1或者圖5.1。鋼托梁和其他框架的錨固參考表5.2。5.3

47、允許的安裝托梁間距冷彎鋼樓板托梁的凈跨在單跨時不應超過表5.3所規(guī)定的極限跨度，多跨時不應超過表5.4所規(guī)定的極限跨度。當連續(xù)的托梁用到多跨時，跨中支座應該被固定在2英尺內(nèi)，并且其余個跨跨距不應超過表中所要求的長度。樓板托梁在外墻上的支撐長度至少為1.5英寸，在內(nèi)墻上的支撐長度不應少于3.5英寸。根據(jù)第2.9部分，每個托梁必須安裝受力鋼筋。除了用在板頭時根據(jù)第5.7結選取，托梁的最厚處至少應該是33米爾。5.4 安裝托梁支撐根據(jù)表5.2，托梁的頂端應該被樓板的側(cè)面支撐。根據(jù)下面的要求，樓板托梁當超過12英尺時應該有底面?zhèn)认虻闹巍?根據(jù)建筑條例石膏板和直徑最小為#6的螺絲安裝時，或者2 連續(xù)的

48、鋼約束安裝應根據(jù)圖5.1和5.2。當托梁厚度為33米爾時鋼約束的長度至少為11/2英寸。托梁的底部應該至少安裝1個#8的螺絲，擋板必須安裝2個#8的螺絲。固結并且最大跨度為12英尺時必須安裝擋板。每個約束的端點處也必須安裝擋板。5.5 樓板懸臂像圖5.1表示的那樣，兩層樓的第二層或者單程樓的第一層的懸臂樓板不應超過24英寸。懸臂只支撐內(nèi)樓板荷載。不超過24英寸并且支撐一層樓面或屋頂（兩層樓的第一層）的懸臂，懸臂的托梁應該被容許加倍?？缍葹?4英寸的加倍的懸臂托梁必須向內(nèi)深入至少6英尺并且用#8的螺絲加固?；钶d大于192 kN/m2時的懸臂是必須得到批準才能設計的。5.6 接合托梁和其他結構構件

49、在沒有設計容許時是不能接合的。軌道接合參照圖5.11。5.7樓板開口的框架托梁接頭的長度不應超過8英尺。在安裝時托梁的接頭的最小尺寸和厚度應該遵循圖5.1,5.2,5.13。每個托梁的頂部應該以不低于四個2英寸×2英寸的構件和托梁連接。每個構件應該和托梁的頂部連接時用四個#8的螺絲甚至在構件的每個角上。構件的厚度不應小于托梁的。5.8 樓板桁架冷彎鋼樓板桁架必須按照有效的方案來進行設計和安裝。在沒有設計批準時，每個桁架處不應被刻痕、截斷、或者替換。每個桁架應該與墻內(nèi)承載荷載構件共同排列。參考ASIS出版的“冷彎鋼桁架設計指南”表 5.1基礎或承重墻所地板的連接要求結構情況風速 (mp

50、h), 暴露,地震地區(qū)1,2地震 A/B地區(qū) 90以下或者C地區(qū)70以下 地震 A/B地區(qū) 110以下或者C地區(qū)90以下110 C以下鋼結構墻的地板托梁承載能力 2 - #8 螺絲3- #8螺絲4- #8螺絲墻頂部的絎架軌道或頂部軌道如圖5.31- #8且螺絲間距為24" o.c1- #8且螺絲間距為24" o.c.1-#8且螺絲間距為 12" o.c.樓托梁軌道或木梁底軌道如圖5.4鋼板間隔為4 o.c 的用4-個 8 號螺絲和 4-10個6-8d普通釘子鋼板間隔 2 o.c 用4-個 8 號螺絲和 4-10個6-8d普通釘子鋼板間隔1 o.c 用4-個 8 號

51、螺絲和 4-10個6-8d普通釘子樓托梁軌道 或基礎托梁末端如圖5.5最小錨桿直徑為1/2"的 和修正的角度為6o.c.的用8- #8螺絲最小錨桿直徑為1/2" 和修正的角度為4o.c的用8- #8螺絲最小錨桿直徑為1/2" 和修正的角度為2o.c.的用8- #8螺絲基礎的懸臂托梁如圖5.6 最小錨桿直徑為1/2"的 和修正的角度為6o.c.的用8- #8螺絲最小錨桿直徑為1/2" 和修正的角度為4o.c的用8- #8螺絲最小錨桿直徑為1/2" 和修正的角度為2o.c.的用8- #8螺絲木的懸臂托梁如圖5.7鋼板間隔為4 o.c 的用

52、4-個 8 號螺絲和 4-10個6-8d普通釘子鋼板間隔 2 o.c 用4-個 8 號螺絲和 4-10個6-8d普通釘子鋼板間隔1 o.c 用4-個 8 號螺絲和 4-10個6-8d普通釘子木軌道的懸臂托梁如圖5.8最小錨桿直徑為1/2"的 和修正的角度為6o.c.的用8- #8螺絲最小錨桿直徑為1/2" 和修正的角度為4o.c的用8- #8螺絲最小錨桿直徑為1/2" 和修正的角度為2o.c.的用8- #8螺絲注明 :1 英寸 = 25.4 mm, 1 psf = 0.0479 kN/m2, 1 mph = 1.61 km/hr, 1 foot = 0.3m.1表

53、中所給的尺寸都是根據(jù)最高的風速和遞增影響下得出的2所有螺絲給出的均是最小限值 表 5.2樓板固定表建筑外形連接件的尺寸和類型連接件間距托梁在承重結構的內(nèi)部2 - #8螺絲每個托梁樓板在托梁末端2- #8 螺絲每個加固結構兩個底層樓板在托梁的上端#8 螺絲支撐中間和邊緣的間距6英尺 主要支撐的中心間距10英尺注明:1英寸= 25.4 毫米1所有螺絲給出的均是最小限值2螺絲頂部的形狀應該是 喇叭型, 扁平型, 或最小直徑是0.29英寸(7 mm). 表 5.3冷彎薄壁型鋼的容許間距1,2,3,4單一間距33 ksi Steel托梁型號活載 30 pft活載 40pft尺寸 5 S間距 (英寸)間距

54、 (英寸)1216241216242 x 6 x 3311'-7"10'-7"9'-1"10'-7"9'-7"8'-1"2 x 6 x 4312'-8"11'-6"10'-0"11'-6"10'-5"9'-1"2 x 6 x 5413'-7"12'-4"10'-9"12'-4"11'-2"9&

55、#39;-9"2 x 6 x 6814'-6"13'-2"11'-6"13'-2"12'-0"10'-6"2 x 6 x 9716'-1"14'-7"12'-9"14'-7"13'-3"11'-7"2 x 8 x 3315'-8"13'-3"8'-10"14'-0"10'-7"7&#

56、39;-1"2 x 8 x 4317'-1"15'-6"13'-7"15'-6"14'-1"12'-3"2 x 8 x 5418'-4"16'-8"14'-7"16'-8"15'-2"13'-3"2 x 8 x 6819'-8"17'-11"15'-7"17'-11"16'-3"14

57、'-2"2 x 8 x 9721'-10"19'-10"17'-4"19'-10"18'-0"15'-9"2 x 10 x 4320'-6"18'-8"15'-3"18'-8"16'-8"13'-1"2 x 10 x 5422'-1"20'-1"17'-6"20'-1"18'-3&qu

58、ot;15'-11"2 x 10 x 6823'-8"21'-6"18'-10"21'-6"19'-7"17'-1"2 x 10 x 9726'-4"23'-11"20'-11"23'-11"21'-9"19'-0"2 x 12 x 4323'-5"20'-3"14'-1"20'-11"16&

59、#39;-10"11'-3"2 x 12 x 5425'-9"23'-4"19'-7"23'-4"21'-3"17'-6"2 x 12 x 6827'-8"25'-1"21'-11"25'-1"22'-10"19'-11"2 x 12 x 9730'-9"27'-11"24'-5"27'-11

60、"25'-4"22'-2"注明: 1英寸 = 25.4毫米, 1 psf = 0.0479 kN/m2, 1 foot = 0.3m.1上表提供了最大的間距2鋼筋要被安裝在支撐節(jié)點和集中力作用處3撓度標準: L/480 對于活載; L/240對于總荷載.4樓面恒載 = 10 psf (0.479 kN/m2)5實際尺寸參考表 2.1. Table 5.4冷彎薄壁型鋼的容許間距1,2,3,4,5,6多間距33 ksi Steel托梁型號活載 30 pft活載 40pft尺寸 5 S間距 (英寸)間距 (英寸)1216241216242 x 6 x 3312'-10"10'-6"7'-