附錄二物理化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中常用數(shù)據(jù)表

1、附錄二 物理化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中常用數(shù)據(jù)表表1 國際原子量表原子序數(shù)名稱符號(hào)原子量原子序數(shù)名稱符號(hào)原子量12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637氫氦鋰鈹硼碳氮氧氟氖鈉鎂鋁硅磷硫氯氬鉀鈣鈧鈦釩鉻錳鐵鈷鎳銅鋅鎵鍺砷硒溴氪銣HHeLiBeBCNOFNeNaMgAlSiPSClArKCaScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKrRb1.00794.002606.9419.0121810.8112.01114.006715.999418.9984020.17922.9897724.30526.981542

2、8.085530.9737632.0635.45339.94839.09840.0844.955947.9050.941551.99654.938055.84758.933258.7063.54665.3869.7272.5974.921678.9679.90483.8085.467838394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374鍶釔鋯鈮鉬锝釕銠鈀銀鎘銦錫銻碲碘氙銫鋇鑭鈰鐠釹钷釤銪釓鋱鏑鈥鉺銩鐿镥鉿鉭鎢SrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXeCsBaLaCePrNdPm

3、SmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaW87.6288.905991.2292.906495.949799101.07102.9055106.4107.868112.41114.82118.69121.75127.60126.9045131.30132.9054137.33138.9055140.12140.9077144.24145150.4151.96157.25158.9254162.50164.9304167.26168.9342173.04174.967178.49180.9479183.85原子序數(shù)名稱符號(hào)原子量原子序數(shù)名稱符號(hào)原子量7576777879808182838

4、4858687888990錸鋨銥鉑金汞鉈鉛鉍釙砹氡鈁鐳錒釷ReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRnFrRaAcTh186.207190.2192.22195.09196.9665200.59204.37207.2208.9804210209210222223226.0254227.0278232.0381919293949596979899100101102103104105106107鏷鈾镎钚镅鋦锫锎锿鐨鍆锘鐒PaUNpPuAmCmBkCfEsFmMdNoLrUnqUnpUnh231.0359238.029237.04822392442432472472512542572582592

5、60261262263261表2 國際單位制的基本單位量單位名稱單位符號(hào)長 度質(zhì) 量時(shí) 間電 流熱力學(xué)溫度物 質(zhì) 的 量光 強(qiáng) 度米千克（公斤）秒安培開爾文摩爾坎德拉MKgsAKmoled 牛頓，N千克力，kgf達(dá)因，dyn10.1021059.8066519.80665×10510-51.02×10-61表3 力單位換算表4 壓力單位換算帕斯卡Pa工程大氣壓kgf/cm2毫米水柱mmH2O標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓atm毫米汞柱mmHg1980679.807101325133.321.02×10-510.00011.0330.000360.10210411033213.60.9

6、9×10-50.96780.9678×10-410.001320.0075735.60.073676011Pa=1N·m-2，1工程大氣壓=1kgf/cm21mmHg=1Torr，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓即物理大氣壓1bar=105 N·m-2表5 能量單位換算爾格erg焦耳J千克力米kgf·m千瓦小時(shí)kw·h千卡kcal(國際蒸汽表卡)升大氣壓L·atm11079.807×10736×101241.87×1091.013×10910-719.8073.6×1064186.8101.30.

7、102×10-70.1021367.1×103426.93510.3327.78×10-15277.8×10-92.724×10-611.163×10-32.814×10-523.9×10-12239×10-62.342×10-3859.84510.0242189.869×10-109.869×10-39.679×10-23.553×10441.2911erg=1dyn·cm，1J=1N·m=1W·s，1eV=1.602

8、15;10-19J1國際蒸汽表卡=1.00067熱化學(xué)卡表6 國際單位制中具有專用名稱導(dǎo)出單位 量的名稱 單位名稱單位符號(hào)其他表示式例頻率 力壓力、應(yīng)力能、功、熱量電量、電荷功率電位、電壓、電動(dòng)勢電容電阻電導(dǎo)磁通量磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度電感攝氏溫度赫茲牛頓帕斯卡焦耳庫侖瓦特伏特法拉歐姆西門子韋伯特斯拉亨利攝氏度HzNPaJCWVFSWbTHCs-1kgm/s2N/m2N·mA·sJ/sW/AC/VV/AA/VV·sWb/m2Wb/A表7 用于構(gòu)成十進(jìn)倍數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)單位的詞頭倍數(shù)詞頭名稱詞頭符號(hào)分?jǐn)?shù)詞頭名稱詞頭符號(hào)101810151012109106103102101艾可薩(exa

9、)拍它(peta)太拉(tera)吉咖(giga)兆(mega)千(kilo)百(hecto)十(deca)EPTGMkhda10-110-210-310-610-910-1210-1510-18分(deci)厘(centi)毫(milli)微(micro)納諾(nano)皮可(pico)飛母托(femto)阿托(atto)dcmnpfa表8 不同溫度下水的飽和蒸汽壓t/0.00.20.40.60.8mmHgkPammHgkPammHgkPammHgkPammHgkPa012345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353

10、6373839404.5794.9265.2945.6856.1016.5437.0137.5138.0458.6099.2099.84410.51811.23111.98712.78813.63414.53015.47716.47717.53518.65019.82721.06822.37723.75625.20926.73928.34930.04331.82433.69535.66337.72939.89842.17544.56347.06749.69252.44255.3240.61050.65670.70580.75790.81340.87230.93501.00171.07261.1

11、4781.22781.31241.40231.49731.59811.70491.81771.93722.06342.19672.33782.48652.64342.80882.98333.16723.36093.56493.77954.00544.24284.49234.75475.03015.31935.62295.94126.27516.62506.99177.37594.6474.9985.3705.7666.1876.6357.1117.6178.1558.7279.3339.97610.65811.37912.14412.95313.80914.71515.67316.68517.

12、75318.88020.07021.34222.64824.03925.50927.05528.68030.39232.19134.08236.06838.15540.34442.64445.05447.58250.23153.00955.910.61950.66630.71590.76870.82490.88460.94811.01551.08721.16351.24431.33001.42101.51711.61911.72691.84101.96182.08962.22452.36692.51712.67582.84303.01953.20493.40093.60703.82374.05

13、194.29184.54394.80875.08695.37875.68546.00876.34376.69697.06737.4514.7155.0705.4475.8486.2746.7287.2097.7228.2678.8459.45810.10910.79911.52812.30213.12113.98714.90315.87116.89417.97419.11320.31621.58322.92224.32625.81227.37429.01530.74532.56134.47136.47738.58440.79643.11745.54948.10250.77453.58056.5

14、10.62860.67590.72620.77970.83650.89700.96111.02951.10221.17921.26101.34781.43971.53701.64011.74931.86481.98692.11602.25232.39632.54822.70682.87753.05603.24323.44133.64963.86834.09904.34114.59574.86325.14415.43905.74846.07276.41306.76937.14347.5344.7855.1445.5255.9316.3636.8227.3097.8288.3808.9659.58

15、510.24410.94111.68012.46213.29014.16615.09216.07117.10518.19719.34920.56521.84523.19824.61726.11727.69629.35431.10232.93434.86436.89139.01841.25143.59546.05048.62751.32354.15657.110.63790.68580.73660.79070.84830.90950.97451.04361.11721.19521.27791.36581.45271.55721.66151.77181.88862.01212.14262.2805

16、2.42612.57962.74182.91243.09283.28203.48203.69253.91354.14664.39084.64814.91845.20205.49975.81226.13956.48306.84257.22027.6144.8555.2195.6056.0156.4536.9177.4117.9368.4949.0869.71410.38011.08511.83312.62413.46114.34715.28416.27217.31918.42219.58720.81522.11023.47624.91226.42628.02129.69731.46133.312

17、35.26137.30839.45741.71044.07846.55649.15751.87954.73757.720.64730.69580.74730.80190.86030.92220.98801.05801.13241.21141.29511.38391.47791.57761.68311.79461.91282.03772.16942.30902.45612.61142.77512.94783.12993.32133.52323.73583.95934.19444.44124.70114.97405.26055.56095.87666.20696.55376.91667.29767

18、.695表9 不同溫度下水的表面張力t/10-3N·m-1t/10-3N·m-105101112131415161718192075.6474.9274.2274.0773.9373.7873.6473.4973.3473.1973.0572.9072.752122232425262728293035404572.5972.4472.2872.1371.9771.8271.6671.5071.3571.1870.3869.5668.74表10 甘汞電極的電極電勢與溫度的關(guān)系甘汞電極*/VSCENCE0.1NCE0.2412-6.61×10-4(t-25)-1.75

19、×10-6(t-25)2-9×10-10(t-25)30.2801-2.75×10-4(t-25)-2.50×10-6(t-25)2-4×10-9(t-25)30.3337-8.75×10-5(t-25)-3×10-6(t-25)2* SCE為飽和甘汞電極；NCE為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)甘汞電極；0.1NCE為0.1mol·L-1甘汞電極表11 常用參比電極地勢及溫度系數(shù)名稱體系E/V*(dE/dT)/mV·K-1氫電極飽和甘汞電極標(biāo)準(zhǔn)甘汞電極甘汞電極銀-氯化銀電極氧化汞電極硫酸亞汞電極硫酸銅電極Pt，H2|H+(aH+=

20、1)Hg，Hg2Cl2|飽和KClHg，Hg2Cl2|1mol·L-1KClHg，Hg2Cl2|0.1mol·L-1KClAg，AgCl|0.1mol·L-1KClHg，HgO|0.1mol·L-1KOHHg，Hg2SO4|1mol·L-1H2SO4Cu|飽和CuSO40.00000.24150.28000.33370.2900.1650.67580.316-0.761-0.275-0.875-0.3-0.7* 25；相對(duì)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氫電極(NCE)表12 水的粘度（厘泊）t/01234567890102030401.7871.3071.0020.7

21、9750.65291.7281.2710.97790.78080.64081.6711.2350.95480.76470.62911.6181.2020.93250.74910.61781.5671.1690.91110.73400.60671.5191.1390.89040.71940.59601.4721.1090.87050.70520.58561.4281.0810.85130.69150.57551.3861.0530.83270.67830.56561.3461.0270.81480.66540.55611厘泊=10-3N·s/m2表13 KCl溶液的電導(dǎo)率*t/c/mo

22、l·L-11.000*0.10000.02000.010005101516171819202122232425262728293035360.065410.074140.083190.092520.094410.096310.098220.100140.102070.104000.105940.107890.109840.111800.113770.115740.007150.008220.009330.010480.010720.010950.011190.011430.011670.011910.012150.012390.012640.012880.013130.013370.

23、013620.013870.014120.015390.015640.0015210.0017520.0019940.0022430.0022940.0023450.0023970.0024490.0025010.0025530.0026060.0026590.0027120.0027650.0028190.0028730.0029270.0029810.0030360.0033120.0033680.0007760.0008960.0010200.0011470.0011730.0011990.0012250.0012510.0012780.0013050.0013320.0013590.0

24、013860.0014130.0014410.0014680.0014960.0015240.001552* 電導(dǎo)率單位S·cm-1* 在空氣中稱取74.56gKCl，溶于18水中，稀釋到1L，其濃度為1.000mol·L-1（密度1.0449g·cm-3），再稀釋得其他濃度溶液。表14 不同溫度下水和乙醇的折射率*t/純 水99.8%乙醇t/純 水99.8%乙醇14151618202224262830321.333481.333411.333331.333171.332991.332811.332621.332411.332191.331921.331641.3

25、62101.361291.360481.359671.358851.358031.357211.356391.3555734363840424446485052541.331361.331071.330791.330511.330231.329921.329591.329271.328941.328601.328271.354741.353901.353061.352221.351381.350541.349691.348851.348001.347151.34629* 相對(duì)于空氣；鈉光波長589.3nm。表15 一些液體的蒸汽壓表中所列各化合物的蒸汽壓可用下列方程式計(jì)算 lg p=A-B/(

26、C+t)式中A、B、C為三常數(shù)；p為化合物的蒸汽壓（mmHg柱）；t為攝氏溫度?；?合 物25時(shí)蒸汽壓溫度范圍/ABC丙酮 C3H6O苯 C6H6溴 Br2甲醇 CH4O甲苯 C7H8醋酸 C2H4O2氯仿 CHCl3四氯化碳 CCl4乙酸乙酯 C4H8O2乙醇 C2H6O乙醚 C4H10O乙酸甲酯 C3H6O2環(huán)己烷 C6H12230.0595.18226.32126.4028.4515.59227.72115.2594.2956.31534.31213.43-20至1400至3636至170-30至150-20至150-20至1427.024476.905656.832987.878636

27、.954647.803077.188076.903286.933907.098088.044946.785747.202116.844981161.01211.0331133.01473.111344.801651.21416.71163.031242.431238.711554.3994.1951232.831203.526224220.790228.0230.0219.482225211227.4230.0217.0222.65220.0228.0222.86表16 鉑銠-鉑熱電偶（分度號(hào)LB-3）熱電勢與溫度換算表*t/0102030405060708090熱 電 勢 / mV01002

28、0030040050060070080090010001100120013001400150016000.0000.6431.4362.3153.2504.2205.2226.2567.3228.4219.55610.72311.91513.11614.31315.50416.6880.0500.7171.5212.4073.3464.3185.3246.3617.4308.5349.67110.84212.03513.23614.43315.6230.1130.7921.6072.4983.4414.4185.4276.4667.5398.6469.78710.96112.15513.356

29、14.55215.7420.1730.8691.6932.5913.5384.5175.5306.5727.6488.7589.90211.08012.27513.47514.67115.8600.2350.9461.7802.6843.6344.6175.6336.6777.7578.87110.01911.19812.39513.59514.79015.9790.2991.0251.8672.7773.7314.7175.7356.7847.8678.98510.13611.31712.51513.71514.91016.0970.3641.1061.9552.8713.8284.8175

30、.8396.8917.9789.09810.25211.43712.63613.83515.02916.2160.4311.1872.0442.9653.9254.9185.9436.9998.0889.21210.37011.55612.75613.95515.14816.3340.5001.2692.1343.0604.0235.0196.0467.1058.1999.32610.48811.67612.87514.07415.26616.4510.5711.3522.2243.1554.1215.1216.1517.2138.3109.44110.60511.79512.99614.19

31、315.88516.569* 參考端為0表17 鉑銠10-鉑熱電偶分度表（分度號(hào)：LB-3）工作端溫度0123456789毫 伏（絕對(duì)伏）01020304050607080900.0000.0560.1130.1730.2350.2990.3640.4310.5000.5710.0050.0610.1190.1790.2410.3050.3710.4380.5070.5780.0110.0670.1250.1850.2470.3120.3770.4450.5140.5850.0160.0730.1310.1910.2540.3180.3840.4520.5210.5930.0220.0780.

32、1370.1980.2600.3250.3910.4590.5280.6000.0280.0840.1430.2040.2660.3310.3970.4660.5350.6070.0330.0900.1490.2100.2730.3380.4040.4730.5430.6140.0390.0960.1550.2160.2790.3440.4110.4790.5500.6210.0440.1020.1610.2220.2860.3510.4180.4860.5570.6290.0500.1070.1670.2290.2920.3570.4250.4930.5640.636100110120130

33、1401501601701801900.6430.7170.7920.8690.9461.0251.1061.1871.2691.3520.6510.7240.8000.8760.9541.0331.1141.1951.2771.3610.6580.7320.8070.8840.9621.0411.1221.2031.2861.3690.6650.7390.8150.8920.9701.0491.1301.2111.2941.3770.6730.7470.8230.9000.9781.0571.1381.2201.3021.3860.6800.7540.8300.9070.9861.0651.

34、1461.2281.3111.3940.6870.7620.8380.9150.9941.0731.1541.2361.3191.4030.6940.7690.8450.9231.0021.0811.1621.2441.3271.4110.7020.7770.8530.9311.0091.0891.1701.2531.3361.4190.7090.7840.8610.9391.0171.0971.1791.2611.3441.4282002102202302402502602702802901.4361.5211.6071.6931.7801.8671.9552.0442.1342.2241.

35、4451.5301.6151.7021.7881.8761.9642.0532.1432.2331.4531.5381.6241.7101.7971.8841.9732.0622.1522.2421.4621.5471.6331.7191.8051.8931.9822.0712.1612.2511.4701.5551.6411.7281.8141.9021.9912.0802.1702.2601.4791.5641.6501.7361.8231.9112.0002.0892.1792.2701.4871.5731.6591.7451.8321.9202.0082.0982.1882.2791.

36、4961.5811.6671.7541.8401.9292.0172.1072.1972.2881.5041.5901.6761.7631.8491.9372.0262.1162.2062.2971.5131.5981.6851.7711.8581.9462.0352.1252.2152.3063003103203303403503603703803902.3152.4072.4982.5912.6842.7772.8712.9653.0603.1552.3242.4162.5082.6002.6932.7872.8802.9753.0693.1642.3332.4252.5172.6092.

37、7032.7962.8902.9843.0793.1742.3422.4342.5262.6192.7122.8052.8992.9943.0883.1832.3522.4432.5352.6282.7212.8152.9093.0033.0983.1932.3612.4522.5452.6372.7302.8242.9183.0133.1073.2022.3702.4622.5542.6472.7402.8332.9283.0223.1173.2122.3792.4712.5632.6562.7492.8432.9373.0313.1263.2212.3882.4802.5722.6652.7592.8522.9463.0413.1363.2312.3972.4892.5822.6752.7682.8622.9563.0503.1453.240t/0102030405060708090熱 電 勢