PT 實(shí)驗(yàn)(八) 路由器靜態(tài)路由配置

1、PT 實(shí)驗(yàn)(八) 路由器靜態(tài)路由配置一、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo) 掌握靜態(tài)路由的配置方法和技巧； 掌握通過(guò)靜態(tài)路由方式實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的連通性； 熟悉廣域網(wǎng)線纜的連接方式；二、實(shí)驗(yàn)背景學(xué)校有新舊兩個(gè)校區(qū)，每個(gè)校區(qū)是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的局域網(wǎng)，為了使新舊校區(qū)能夠正常相互通訊，共享資源，每個(gè)校區(qū)出口利用一臺(tái)路由器進(jìn)行連接，兩臺(tái)路由器間學(xué)校申請(qǐng)了一條2M的DDN專線進(jìn)行相連，要求你做適當(dāng)配置實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)校區(qū)間的正常相互訪問(wèn)。三、技術(shù)原理路由器屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)層設(shè)備，能夠根據(jù)IP包頭的信息，選擇一條最佳路徑將數(shù)據(jù)包轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)出去，實(shí)現(xiàn)不同網(wǎng)段的主機(jī)之間的互相訪問(wèn)。路由器是根據(jù)路由表進(jìn)行選路和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的，而路由表就是由一條條路由信息組成。生成路由表主要有兩種

2、方法：手工配置和動(dòng)態(tài)配置，即靜態(tài)路由協(xié)議配置和動(dòng)態(tài)路由協(xié)議配置。靜態(tài)路由是指由網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理員手工配置的路由信息。靜態(tài)路由除了具有簡(jiǎn)單、高效、可靠的優(yōu)點(diǎn)外，它的另一個(gè)好處是網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全保密性高。缺省路由可以看作是靜態(tài)路由的一種特殊情況。當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)在查找路由表時(shí)，沒(méi)有找到和目標(biāo)相匹配的路由表項(xiàng)時(shí)，為數(shù)據(jù)指定的路由。四、實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟實(shí)驗(yàn)拓?fù)?、在路由器R1、R2上配置接口的IP地址和R1串口上的時(shí)鐘頻率；2、查看路由器生成的直連路由；3、在路由器R1、R2上配置靜態(tài)路由；4、驗(yàn)證R1、R2上的靜態(tài)路由配置；5、將PC1、PC2主機(jī)默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)分別設(shè)置為與路由器接口f1/0 IP地址；6、PC1、PC2主機(jī)之間可以互相通

3、信；R1:Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R1R1(config)#interface fa1/0R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:

4、 Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up R1(config-if)#exitR1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 -

5、OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEt

6、hernet1/0R1#R1(config)#interface serial 0/0R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.5.2 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state t

7、o up R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000R1(config-if)#endR1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF

8、 external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 192.168.5.0/24 is di

9、rectly connected, Serial0/0R1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.5.3R1(config)#endR1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile

10、, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-use

11、r static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0S 192.168.2.0/24 1/0 via 192.168.5.3C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0R1#R2:Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per

12、 line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R2R2(config)#interface fa1/0R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up R2

13、(config-if)#exitR2(config)#interface serial 0/0R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.5.3 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed sta

14、te to up R2(config-if)#endR2#R2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E -

15、EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, S

16、erial0/0R2#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.5.2R2(config)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, E

17、X - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o

18、 - ODR P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setS 192.168.1.0/24 1/0 via 192.168.5.2C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0R2#五、測(cè)試Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0PC>ipconfigIP Address.: 192.168.1.2Subnet Mask.: 255.255.255.0Default Gateway.: 192.168.1.1PC>ping 192.168.2.2Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:Request timed out.Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=17