科技英語寫作 PPT.

1、Company LOGOTranslation of Numers 西電研二LOGOvReferences:v科技英語中倍數(shù)的表達與翻譯科技英語中倍數(shù)的表達與翻譯 高秀麗高秀麗 v科技文中倍數(shù)的譯法科技文中倍數(shù)的譯法 顧玉芳顧玉芳v科技英語閱讀與翻譯教材科技英語閱讀與翻譯教材 李健李健v科技英語語法教材科技英語語法教材 秦荻輝秦荻輝LOGONumbers frequently appear in scientific and technical papers when comparisions are made between two objects or the changes and qu

2、antities are indicated. If the expressions are similiar in using the numbers in English and Chinese, there will be no problems.LOGOvAt its closest, the asteroid was about 450,000 miles away, roughly twice the distance between the earth and the moon.v最接近的時候，那顆小行星距離地球大約45萬英里，差不多等于地球和月球距離之間的2倍。vThe oil

3、 production rises at the rate of 28 percent a year.v原油產(chǎn)量以每年28%的速率增長。LOGOHowever, due to differences of the two language, there are some expressions which cannot be translated into the target language directly, and some changes have to be made. These expressions mainly involve comparisons of quantiti

4、es (including size, height, width, and volume, etc.) as well as the increase and decrease in quantities.LOGOLOGOInteger and approximate numbersv英語中常用英語中常用flat, cool, sharp, exactly, whole, just等詞修飾數(shù)字，等詞修飾數(shù)字，表示表示“正好，恰正好，恰好，整整好，整整” 等等v英語中也常用英語中也常用about,some,around,round, approximately,close to,nearly,

5、towards等等詞修飾數(shù)字，詞修飾數(shù)字，表表“大約，上下，將近，幾乎大約，上下，將近，幾乎”等等LOGO1.He finished the experiment in twenty-four hours flat. 他完成這一實驗他完成這一實驗正好正好用了用了24小時小時.2.The physician treated cool 30 patients that day. 這位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生那天這位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生那天正好正好看了看了30個病人個病人.3.The plane takes off at 7oclock sharp. 這架飛機這架飛機7點點整整起飛起飛.4.The machine worked

6、 for ten whole days. 這臺機器這臺機器整整整整運轉(zhuǎn)了運轉(zhuǎn)了10天天.5.The wire measures exact ten meters. 這條導(dǎo)線這條導(dǎo)線剛好剛好10米長米長.6.The volume of the sun is about/some/around/ round 1,300,000 times that of the earth. 太陽的體積太陽的體積約約為地球的為地球的130萬倍萬倍.LOGO7.It is nearly/towards 4o clock. 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在將近將近4點鐘點鐘.8.The price of this new machine i

7、s in the neighborhood of/of the order of a thousand dollars. 這臺新機器的價格這臺新機器的價格約約為為1000美元美元.9.Noise figure in the border of 4 to 5 dB at 2Ghz has been reported. 據(jù)稱，在據(jù)稱，在2,000兆赫時，噪聲系數(shù)兆赫時，噪聲系數(shù)約約為為4-5分貝分貝.10.According to the weather man, the temperature will be up 5C or so. 據(jù)天氣預(yù)報，氣溫將升高據(jù)天氣預(yù)報，氣溫將升高5C左右左右.L

8、OGOOver & under英語中常用more than ,odd,over,above,exceed,upwards of, or more,higher than,in the excess of修飾,表“超過,以上,有余,高于,多于”Two sub-types英語中也常用under,below,less,less than ,no more than, short of,off to, within,as few as修飾,表“不到,少于,以下”LOGO1. Pig iron is an alloy of iron and carbon with the carbon cont

9、ent more than two percent. 生鐵是鐵碳合金，其中碳含量生鐵是鐵碳合金，其中碳含量超過超過2%.2.Only when a rocket attains a speed of 18,ooo odd miles per hour, can it put a manmade satellite in orbit. 只有當(dāng)火箭速度達到每小時只有當(dāng)火箭速度達到每小時18,000多多英里時，才能把英里時，才能把人造衛(wèi)星送入軌道人造衛(wèi)星送入軌道.3.Over/Above/More than/Not less than 100 chemical elements are known

10、to man; of these about 80 are metals. 人類已知的化學(xué)元素有人類已知的化學(xué)元素有100種種以上以上，其中有，其中有80種是金屬種是金屬.4.Upwards of seven thousand medical workers have left for the earthquake district.LOGO 有有7000多多名醫(yī)務(wù)人員前往震區(qū)。名醫(yī)務(wù)人員前往震區(qū)。5.The patients are children of three years old and upwards. 這些病人是三歲和三歲這些病人是三歲和三歲以上以上的兒童的兒童.6.The ef

11、ficiency of the best of these engines is under/below/less than/no more than 40%. 這些發(fā)動機中效率最好的這些發(fā)動機中效率最好的也不到也不到40%.7.It took three years less than one month for them to develop the new material. 他們花了三年他們花了三年差差一個月研制這種材料一個月研制這種材料.8.Helium(氮氮) in the air is a little under 1%. 空氣中氮的含量空氣中氮的含量略低于略低于1%.LOGOa

12、t least & at most & between1英語中常用full,solid,at least,all of, no less than,as.as修飾,表“數(shù)目大，數(shù)量多”2英語中常用only,merely, barely, scarcely, but,atmost,no more than, scant 修飾,表“數(shù)目小,數(shù)量少”At most3英語中常用from to, between and/ to, 修飾數(shù)字,表范圍,譯為“從.到,在.之間”等BetweenLOGO1.They covered full twenty reference sources on

13、 AIDS in a single day. 他們僅僅用了一天時間，就看完了他們僅僅用了一天時間，就看完了足足足足20種有關(guān)艾滋種有關(guān)艾滋病的資料病的資料.2.The motor ran 450 solid days on end. 馬達連續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)了馬達連續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)了足足有有450天天.3.The experiment will take three days, at least. 實驗實驗至少至少需要三天時間需要三天時間.4.The temperature at the suns center is as high as 10,000,000 C. 太陽中心的溫度太陽中心的溫度高達高達攝氏攝氏10

14、00萬度萬度.5.There were no less than fifty wounded in the traffic accident. 在這場交通事故中，受傷者在這場交通事故中，受傷者多達多達50人人.LOGO6.That solar-energy car weighs only/merely/barely /scarcely/but 500kg. 那輛太陽能汽車那輛太陽能汽車僅僅重重500公斤公斤.7.Inspection time for the installation was no more than 2 hours. 檢驗安裝歐諾工作檢驗安裝歐諾工作僅僅用了兩小時用了兩小時.

15、8.There is only at most room for one person. 至多至多只有可容納一個人的空間只有可容納一個人的空間.9.The energy of the fuel wasted by the reciprocat- ing steam engine is between 80 and/to 85 percent. 往復(fù)式蒸汽機浪費的燃料能量為往復(fù)式蒸汽機浪費的燃料能量為80%至至85%.10.The ladle refining time takes on average between3 and 4 hours depending on the treatmen

16、t required. 桶內(nèi)精煉時間平均為桶內(nèi)精煉時間平均為3到到4小時小時,這要視所需要的處理而這要視所需要的處理而定定.LOGONumerals in multiplestimesBe n times as + 形容詞/副詞 +as.Be n times + 形容詞/副詞比較級 + thanBe + 比較級 + than + 名詞+ by n timesBe + 比較級 + by a factor of + n表示“是.的幾倍”as + 形容詞、副詞 + again asagain as + 形容詞、副詞 + as表示“比.多一倍，是.的兩倍”LOGOn times +形容詞比較級形容詞比

17、較級= n times+as+形容詞原級形容詞原級asThis machine is five times heavier than that one.這臺機器比那臺重四倍。這臺機器是那臺的五倍重。提示：這一句型比較特殊，很容易被錯譯為“這臺機器比那臺重五倍”。翻譯這種句子時，請記住這樣一條準(zhǔn)則：英譯漢減一倍英譯漢減一倍,漢譯英加一倍。漢譯英加一倍。LOGO1.The substance reacts three times as fast as the other. 該物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度是那種物質(zhì)反應(yīng)速度的三倍該物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度是那種物質(zhì)反應(yīng)速度的三倍. (Or該該物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度比那種物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速

18、度快物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度比那種物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度快2倍倍)2.This line is by two times longer than that one. 這條線的長度是那條線長度的這條線的長度是那條線長度的2倍倍.(Or這條線比那條線這條線比那條線長長1倍倍)3.Mercury weighs more than water by about 14 times. 水銀的重量約為水的水銀的重量約為水的14倍倍.(Or水銀比水重水銀比水重13倍倍)4.The error probability of binary AM is greater than for binary FM by a factor o

19、f at least 6. 二進制調(diào)幅的誤差概率比二進制調(diào)頻至少大二進制調(diào)幅的誤差概率比二進制調(diào)頻至少大5倍倍.(Or二二進制調(diào)幅的誤差概率至少是二進制調(diào)頻的進制調(diào)幅的誤差概率至少是二進制調(diào)頻的6倍倍)LOGO5.The wire is as long again as that one. 這跟金屬線的長度是那根的這跟金屬線的長度是那根的2倍倍.(Or這根金屬線比那根這根金屬線比那根金屬線長金屬線長1倍倍)6.This wire is again as long as that one. 這根金屬線的長度是那根的這根金屬線的長度是那根的2倍倍.(Or這根金屬線比那根這根金屬線比那根金屬線長金屬

20、線長1倍倍)7.This wire is half again as long as that one. 這跟金屬線的長度是那根金屬線的這跟金屬線的長度是那根金屬線的1倍半倍半.(Or這根金屬這根金屬線比那根金屬線長半倍線比那根金屬線長半倍)LOGOIncrease of numeralsiiiiii 帶帶“增大增大”意思的意思的動詞動詞: increase, grow, go up. V + n times; V + by/ to + n times; V+n-fold; V+by a factor of, 表表“增加到增加到 n倍倍,增加了增加了(n-1)倍倍” i.帶帶“增大增大”意思的

21、意思的動詞動詞: increase, rise, grow, go up 連接連接by+單位單位/n%,表凈增表凈增量量,數(shù)詞數(shù)詞 n 可照譯可照譯 ii.用用an increase of n/ a n increase表凈增多的數(shù)量表凈增多的數(shù)量,n 照譯照譯 用表示倍數(shù)的動詞用表示倍數(shù)的動詞: double, treble, quadruple,quintuble,sextuple, septuple, octuple等等, 表示量表示量的增加的增加 LOGO1.The sales of industrial electronic products have multiplied six

22、times. 工業(yè)電子產(chǎn)品銷售額增加了工業(yè)電子產(chǎn)品銷售額增加了5倍倍2.The strength of the attraction increases by four times if the distance between the original charges is behalved. 如果原電荷的距離縮短一半如果原電荷的距離縮短一半,則引力就增大到原來的則引力就增大到原來的4倍倍.(Or.則引力比原來大則引力比原來大3倍倍)3.This year, the production of this kind of machine in our plant is estimated to

23、 increase to 3 times compared with 1980. 今年我廠這種機器的產(chǎn)量預(yù)計是今年我廠這種機器的產(chǎn)量預(yù)計是1980年的年的3倍倍.(Or今今年我廠這種機器的產(chǎn)量預(yù)計比年我廠這種機器的產(chǎn)量預(yù)計比1980年增長了年增長了2倍倍)4.By 1999 the production of primary copper has increased five-fold. 到到1999年，原銅產(chǎn)量增長了年，原銅產(chǎn)量增長了4倍倍.LOGO5.The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of 4. 漏電壓增加了漏電壓增加了3倍倍

24、.6.The output went up 45,000 tons. 產(chǎn)量增加了產(chǎn)量增加了45000噸噸.7.The production has increased by 45%. 生產(chǎn)已增加了生產(chǎn)已增加了45%.8.Automation will help us to raise the output of production by thirty percent. 自動化能幫助我們提高產(chǎn)量自動化能幫助我們提高產(chǎn)量30%.9.Industrial output rose by 0.9 percent in June. 6月份產(chǎn)量增長了月份產(chǎn)量增長了0.9%.10.The new airpo

25、rt will double the capacity of the existing one. 新機場是現(xiàn)有機場容量的新機場是現(xiàn)有機場容量的2倍倍.LOGO11.The population has nearly trebled in forty years. 人口在人口在40年中增加了近年中增加了近2倍倍.12.The company quadrupled output to around 20 million tons. 該公司把產(chǎn)量增至該公司把產(chǎn)量增至2000萬噸左右萬噸左右，是原來的是原來的4倍倍.13.The output has been quintupled since 199

26、8. 1998年以來年以來,產(chǎn)量已增長了產(chǎn)量已增長了4倍倍.14.There is an increase of 4.5 million tons of steel as compared with last year. 鋼產(chǎn)量比去年增加了鋼產(chǎn)量比去年增加了450萬噸萬噸.15.There is a 25% increase of steel as compared with last year. 鋼產(chǎn)量比去年增加了鋼產(chǎn)量比去年增加了25%.LOGODecrease of numeralsiiiiii用表示減少的動詞用表示減少的動詞：decrease,reduce.V +by n times;

27、 V+ n times; V+by a fact-or of + n; V+n timesas +adj/adv+ as表表示減少了示減少了n分之分之(n-1), 減少到減少到n分之分之1用表示減少的動詞用表示減少的動詞：decrease,reduce,fall, lower, drop, decline等等,連接連接by n/n%,以及用聯(lián)系以及用聯(lián)系動詞連接動詞連接n less than表表“凈減量凈減量”,n照譯照譯用表示減少的動詞用表示減少的動詞：decrease,reduce, fall,lower,drop.連接連接to + n/n%表示表示減少到減少到n/n%LOGO1.100 decreased by 90 is 10. 100減去減去90等于等于10.2.The output decreased by 40%. 產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)量下降了下降了40%.3.The cost of radio receivers was reduced by 60%. 收音機成本收音機成本降低了降低了60%.4.This process used 35% less fuel. 這種工藝這種工藝少用了少用了35%的燃料的燃料.5.The price cost has decreased by three times as against 1949. 成本價