GRE閱讀4個考點逐一分析

1、GRE 閱讀 4 個考點逐一分析GRE 閱讀 4 個考點逐一分析 , 備考先打好基礎(chǔ)再談高分 ,下面就和大 家分享，來欣賞一下吧。GRE 閱讀 4 個考點逐一分析 備考先打好基礎(chǔ)再談高分1、詞匯GRE 考試對詞匯量有較大需求，但其中大部分詞匯只要求能夠 認(rèn)知即可， 閱讀需要的主要就是這類詞匯。 一般的閱讀文章中涉及詞 匯 7000 左右，但具備 4000 左右即可應(yīng)考。單詞量不夠的考生 , 應(yīng)在 短期內(nèi)迅速擴(kuò)充認(rèn)知詞匯 ,為看文章做題打下一個良好的基礎(chǔ)。有些考生脫離語境孤立地背單詞 ,這樣容易遺忘或混淆單詞的意 義。如有考生考試時遇到contrive（設(shè)計;設(shè)法做到）想不起來什么意思, 只 記

2、 得 在 詞 匯 表 里 該 單 詞 位 于 contribution（ 貢 獻(xiàn) ） 之 后 、 controversial（有爭議的）之前。要解決這個問題，考生可以通過制作單詞 卡片 , 正面寫英文拼寫 ,背面寫中文釋義的方法來記憶。每天背一定量 的生詞,并不斷補(bǔ)充 ,而且還可以打亂次序。 當(dāng)然,最有效的是在上下文 , 即文章當(dāng)中記憶單詞。2、句子GRE 閱讀理解中有的題目考的是對于文章中某一句子的理解,若考生領(lǐng)會有偏差 ,就容易失分?？忌鷳?yīng)對一些復(fù)合句 ,尤其是雙重否定 句、比較句、指代句等有一定的了解。 在遇到比較復(fù)雜的句子的時候 , 應(yīng)靜下心來 ,從把握句子主干一一主謂結(jié)構(gòu)著手來分析句

3、子結(jié)構(gòu)。對 于那些故意為難考生的長難句， 也要掌握快速解決的方法， 不要被其所迷惑3、速度幾乎任何閱讀考試都會考查閱讀速度。 GRE 閱讀考試要求考生 在兩個 30 分鐘的語文考試部分中迅速而準(zhǔn)確地答題。為趕時間而一 味求快或為追求準(zhǔn)確而放棄一些題的做法都是不可取的?？偟膩碚f , 閱讀速度的改善不容易一蹴而就 ,需要大量的練習(xí)和長時間的努力。 不過,掌握一些 GRE 閱讀技巧 ,革除一些壞習(xí)慣 ,將有助于提高閱讀速 度。4、理解GRE 閱讀考查的是考生對于所考文章理解，而不是考生的知識 面或是對于某個問題的見解。 切忌不依照文章內(nèi)容判斷而憑生活常識 或個人感覺來答題 ,在做 TRUE/FALS

4、E/NOTGIVEN 題的時候尤其要注意這一點。解題時請嚴(yán)格按照原文給出的 內(nèi)容來回答，不要主觀臆斷，也不要畫蛇添足。關(guān)于新 GRE 閱讀考試的四大難點攻略法就為大家做以上介紹， 希望各位考生能正對這些難點做好準(zhǔn)備，在 GRE 閱讀考試中發(fā)揮實 力，取得高分。GRE 考試閱讀經(jīng)典句型盤點1. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.(難度系數(shù) 5，

5、下同 )那種性別比例能在最大程度上增加一個個體所能擁有的后代數(shù) 量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所傳遞到后代身上去的基因復(fù)制品的 數(shù)量。2. (This is )A desire to throw over reality a light that never was mightgive away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower

6、.(5+)復(fù)雜+倒裝+省略;(這是一種 )照亮現(xiàn)實的欲望，此欲望從來就不 會唐突的取代后面的那種欲望， 后者是我們可以將其部分的理解為一 個兼任小說加和科學(xué)家的人想要去準(zhǔn)確并具體的記錄下一朵花的結(jié) 構(gòu)和文理的那種意義上的欲望。3. Hardy 's weakness derived from his apparent inability to control thecomings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness tocultivate and sustain the energetic

7、and risky ones. (3) 哈代的缺陷一方面緣起于他的某種明顯的無能， 無法控制好那結(jié) 不盡相同的創(chuàng)作沖動的穿梭往來 ;另一方面緣起于他不愿意去培養(yǎng)和 維持那些富于生機(jī)活力和風(fēng)險性強(qiáng)的創(chuàng)作沖動。4. Virginia Woolf's provocative statementabout her intentions in writingMrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics ， since it highlights anaspect of her literary interests very dif

8、ferent from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision andwith following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. (5) 弗吉尼亞 .伍爾夫 (Virginia Woolf) 在創(chuàng)作黛洛維夫人 (Mrs.Dalloway)時有關(guān)其創(chuàng)作意圖的這番發(fā)人深思的陳述，迄今為止一貫 為文學(xué)評論家們所忽略， 因為它突出反映了她諸多文學(xué)興趣中某一方 面，而這一

9、方面則與人們對 “詩性”小說家 (poeticnovelist)所形成的傳統(tǒng)見解大相徑庭。所謂的 詩性”小說家，所關(guān)注 的是審視想入非非和白日夢幻的諸般狀態(tài)， 并致力于追尋個體意識的 通幽曲徑。5. As she put it in The Common Reader , safe to sItaiys that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another becauseof anythingChaucer said or wrote ; and yet , as we read him , we are abs

10、orbing morality at every pore-()5就像她在致普通讀者一書中所表達(dá)的那樣，“盡管可以毫無 疑問的說， 沒有任何法律被指定出來， 也沒有任何高樓大廈被建立起 來是因為喬叟說了什么或者寫了什么 ;然而，當(dāng)我們讀它的書的時候， 我們身上每一個毛孔都充滿了道德 ”6. With the conclusion of a burst activity , the lactic acid level is highin the body fluids , leaving the large animal vulnerable to attack until the acid i

11、s reconverted , via oxidative metabolism , by the liver into glucose , which is then sent (in part )back to the muscles for glycogen resynthesis .(4+)隨著爆發(fā)出來的運(yùn)動的結(jié)束， 再體液中乳酸含量會變得很高， 使 得大型動物處于容易受到攻擊的狀態(tài)，直到乳酸通過有氧新陳代謝， 被肝臟轉(zhuǎn)化成 (convertin to)葡萄糖，而葡萄糖接下來又會(部分)傳送回肌肉中重新合成糖原。7. Although Gutman admits that forced

12、 separation by sale was frequent， heshows that the slave's preference， revealed most clearly on plantations wheresale was infrequen，t was very much for stable monogamy. (3+) 雖然古特曼承認(rèn)， 由于奴隸買賣而造成的被迫離散甚為頻繁， 但 他還是證明， 奴隸的偏愛 在那些奴隸買賣并不頻繁的種植園上被 最為顯著地揭示出來 在很大程度上側(cè)重于穩(wěn)定的一夫一妻制 (monogamy)。8. Gutman argues conv

13、incingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore ，music，and religious expression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experienc

14、es. (4)古特曼人令人信服地論辨道， 黑人家庭的穩(wěn)定有助于包括民間傳 說、音樂、及宗教表達(dá)在內(nèi)的黑人文化遺產(chǎn)一代一代傳遞下去，因而 在維持文化遺產(chǎn)方面也起著至關(guān)重要的作用，而對于這種文化遺產(chǎn)， 黑奴們不斷地從其非洲和美洲的經(jīng)歷中予以豐富發(fā)展。9. This preference for exogamy， Gutman suggests， may have derived from WestAfrican rules governing marriage，which ，though they differed from one tribalgroup to another， all invo

15、lved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin. (3+)古特曼表示，這種對于外部通婚的偏愛很有可能緣起于西部非洲 制約著婚姻的規(guī)定， 盡管這些規(guī)定在一個和另一個部落群體之間不盡 相同，但都涉及到某種對近親聯(lián)姻 (unionwith close kin)的禁止。10. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination againstBlacks in the United States，but his definition of racial p

16、rejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition， can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. (4+)該社會學(xué)家的命題當(dāng)被應(yīng)用于針對美國黑人的歧視時，

17、 相對而言 尚能適用，但他對種族偏見所下的定義 即“以種族為基礎(chǔ)的、針 對某個群體的消級的先入之見， 而該群體在任何特定的種族競爭地區(qū) 則被普遍認(rèn)作一種族 ”可被理解成同樣也襄括了針對加利福尼亞 州的中國人以及中世紀(jì)的猶太人這樣一些種族群體的敵視態(tài)度。GRE 考試閱讀經(jīng)典句型盤點11. Such variations in size， shape，chemistry， conduction speed， excitationthreshold，and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in

18、significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.(5)類似于這些已經(jīng)被在神經(jīng)細(xì)胞中證明的在大小、 形狀、化學(xué)過程、 產(chǎn)生的速度、 興奮閾值及其類似的方面上所發(fā)生變化， 當(dāng)他們被用來 與大腦的體驗以可能的方式聯(lián)系起來的時候， 他們在重要性上仍然是 微不足道的。12. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structuraldifferences among neuron types ;

19、however , proof was lacking that the quality ofthe impulse or its condition was influenced by these differences , which seemedinstead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits .(5) 有可能通過其他方法來證明神經(jīng)元種類間的細(xì)微的結(jié)構(gòu)差異;可是，這樣的證據(jù)是缺乏的， 即神經(jīng)沖動的性質(zhì)或者狀態(tài)是受這些差異所影 響的，而這些差異看起來卻能影響神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)育模式。13. Altho

20、ugh qualitative variance among nerve energieswas never rigidlydisproved，the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view ，namely，that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as common currency throughout the nervous system. (4) 盡管在神經(jīng)能量上存在著質(zhì)的不同， 這一點

21、從來都沒有在嚴(yán)格的意義 上被反對過，但是以上教條通常被拋棄掉，而轉(zhuǎn)向相反的觀點，即： 神經(jīng)沖動從根本上本質(zhì)相同， 而且被當(dāng)作 “一種普通流 ”在整個神經(jīng)系 統(tǒng)中傳播。14. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the siz，enumber， arrangemen，t and interconnection of the nerve cells，but as far as psycho neural correlations were concerned， the obvious similarities of these senso

22、ry fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences. (4 -) 盡管其他實驗顯示在神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的大小、 數(shù)量、排列和相互連接上有一 些小的差異，但是就心理 -神經(jīng)的關(guān)系而言，這些感官區(qū)域彼此之間 的明顯的相似性看起來比起微小的差異更為令人注目。15. Although some experiments show that， as an object becomes familiar ，its internal representation becomes more holis

23、tic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel，the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis， at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. (4+)雖然某些實驗表明， 隨著一個物體變得熟悉起來， 其內(nèi)心再現(xiàn)圖 像亦更具整體感， 辨認(rèn)過程相應(yīng)地更趨于平行， 但證據(jù)的砝碼似乎在 支持序列假設(shè) (serialhypothesis),至少是對于那些不甚簡單、不甚熟悉的物

24、體來說。16. In large part as a consequenceof the feminist movement， historians havefocused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accuratelythe status of women in various periods. (3+)在很大程度上，由于女權(quán)主義運(yùn)動(feminist movement)的緣故， 史學(xué)家近年來匯聚了大量的注意力, 來更為準(zhǔn)確地確定婦女在各個歷 史時期的地位。 Focus A on B;17. I

25、f one begins by examining why ancients refer to Amazons , it becomesclear that ancient Greek descriptions of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact -real Amazonian societies but rather to offer “moral less onsthe”supposed outcome of women's rule in their own

26、society . (4)如果我們先研究一下為什么古人會提到亞馬遜人, 下面的一點就變得清晰了,那就是古希臘對于這種社會的廟睡不是太多的被用來表達(dá)觀社會中的統(tǒng)治的預(yù)期后果提供一種 “道德教導(dǎo) ”。18. Thus，for instance，it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom， but only an approximation

27、 to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin， magnetic dipole ， and relativistic effects;and that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field-theoretical equations. (5)因此，舉例來說，對數(shù)學(xué)家而言，了解到下述情形可能會令其驚愕不已，即薛定諤(Schrodinger)的氫原子方程式并非是

28、對該原子作出 的一種絕然正確的描述， 而僅僅是個近似值， 趨近于一個在某種程度 上更為正確的將自旋、 磁性偶極子、 以及相對論效應(yīng)考慮在內(nèi)的方程 式;而這個得以糾正的方程式就其本身而言也只是一個不完美的近似 值，趨近于無窮無盡的一整套量子場論方程式。19. The physicist rightly dreads precise argumen，tsince an argument thatis convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptionson which it is based are slig

29、htly changed，whereas an argument that is convincingthough imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlyingassumptions. (5+)物理學(xué)家恐懼于那些精確無誤的論據(jù)不無道理， 因為某種只有在 它是精確無誤的條件下才令人置信的論據(jù)， 一旦它賴于建立其上的假 設(shè)稍有變化，便會失去它一部的作用 ;而與此相反，一個盡管并不精 確無誤但卻令人置信的論據(jù)，在其基本假設(shè) (underlying assumptio n)稍微受干擾的情況下，仍然有可能

30、是站得住腳的。20. However， as they gained cohesion，the Bluestockings came to regardthemselves as a women's group and to possess a sense of female solidaritylacking in the salonnieres， who remained isolated from one another by the primacyeach held in her own salon. (4-) 起初，藍(lán)襪女們確實模仿了法國沙龍女主人， 將男性襄括到其小 圈子中

31、來。然則， 隨著她們獲得的凝聚力，她們漸趨將自己視作一女 性團(tuán)體，并擁有了一種婦女團(tuán)結(jié)意識， 而這種意識在法國沙龍女主人 身上則蕩然無存， 因為她們每個人在其自己的沙龍中自視甚高而彼此 孤立隔絕開來。GRE 考試閱讀經(jīng)典句型盤點51. The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-establishedfact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands， islands believed to resultfrom mantle plumes arising from th

32、e lower mantle， are composed of materialfundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system，whose source， most geologists contend，is the upper mantle. (5 -) 對于地幔分層論點來說， 最好的證據(jù)乃這樣一個確認(rèn)的事實， 即 在那些海洋島嶼 這些島嶼據(jù)信是源于由下層地幔升上來的地幔 柱狀溶巖流 (mantle plume) 上發(fā)現(xiàn)的火山巖石， 是由與海洋中部山脊系統(tǒng)的物質(zhì)根本 不同的物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的， 而這一海洋中部山脊系統(tǒng)的成

33、因， 大多數(shù)地質(zhì)學(xué) 家論辯道，為上部地幔。52. Some geologists， however， on the basis of observations concerning mantlexenoliths，argue that the mantle is not layered， but that heterogeneity is createdby fluids rich in incompatible elements (elements tending toward liquid ratherthan solid state)percolating upward and tran

34、sforming portions of theupper mantle irregularly，according to the vagaries of the fluids'pathways. (4+)但是，某些地質(zhì)學(xué)家，以對地幔捕虜巖體(xenolith)所作的觀察為 依據(jù)，指出地幔并非是分層排列的，相反，地幔的異質(zhì)性是由那些富 含“不相容成分 ”的流質(zhì)構(gòu)成的，這些成分趨向于流體而非固體的狀 態(tài)，自下而上滲透擴(kuò)散，并依照這些流質(zhì)流向的任意性，不規(guī)則地將 上部地幔的某些部分予以改變。53. Fallois proposed that Proust had tried to begi

35、n a novel in 1908, abandoned it for what was to be a long demonstration of Saint-Beuve's blindnessto the real nature of great writing , found the essay giving rise to personal memories and fictional developments ,and allowed these to take over it a steadily developing novel. (5 -)F 認(rèn)為， P 在 1908

36、年試圖開始寫一部小說，又為了寫一部批判 S-B 的 偉大作品的真正本質(zhì)的視而不見的長篇的證明而放棄了這部小說， 其 后又發(fā)現(xiàn)這一論文又勾起了其個人記憶及小說情節(jié)的萌生， 使得后者 取而代之形成了一部穩(wěn)定展開的小說。54. The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships thatkept presenting and rearranging themselves on all leve，lsfrom abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings， made it

37、 difficult for Proust toset them out coherently. (5)各種有意義的聯(lián)系在所有的層次上， 自抽象的理性至深刻的夢幻 般的情感，層出不窮并不斷重新組合排列;正是這些有意義的聯(lián)系的豐富性和復(fù)雜性，致使普魯斯特難于將它們錯落有致地安排好。55. But those of who hoped, with Kolb, that Kolb's newly published complete edition of Proust's correspondence for 1909 would document the process in gr

38、eater detail are disappointed. (4)但是我們當(dāng)中的那些希望(也算上K本人)K新出版的P1909年書 信的全集能夠更加詳細(xì)的記錄下這一過程的人都大失所望。56. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it , passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newlyarriv ing settlers to , fin ally , a conq uered people-a charter

39、 min ority on our own land. (5 -)現(xiàn)在我們必須也按照我們墨西哥裔的美國人的經(jīng)歷來審視這個 文化，我們的經(jīng)歷是從一個主權(quán)的民族變成了新來的定居者的同胞， 在最終淪落成為一個被征服的民族 在我們自己的土地上的契約的少數(shù)民族。57. It is possible to make specific complementary DNA' s (cDNA' s)that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RN'sA(mRNA's)of the peptide hor

40、mones. If brain cells are making the hormones， the cells will contain these Mrna 'S. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them，then the cDNA's should still bind to these mRNA's， but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNA's for the true hormones. (4)科學(xué)家可以制造出特異的(specific)互補(bǔ)DNA ' s(cDNA'