九年級下冊英語第13單元Section A-2

1、Unit 13Section A 3a-4c學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) Key words & phrases: method，cruel，harmful，industry，law，afford，take part in，turn off，pay for Key sentences: 1. Were trying to save the earth. 2. The river used to be so clean. 3. The air is badly polluted. 新課導(dǎo)入新課導(dǎo)入There are some animals are endangered. We should do some

2、thing to protect the animals and the environment! The zoos provide homes for many endangered animals. 1. Have you ever seen a shark（鯊魚）（鯊魚）?2. What do you know about sharks?課文展現(xiàn)課文展現(xiàn)Where shark fin soup is popularNumber of sharks caughtand traded every yearHow government can helpTwo environmental gro

3、ups against “finning”southern China70 milliondevelop laws to stop the sale of shark finsWildAid and the WWF3aRead the passage about sharks and complete the fact sheet below.3bRead the passage again and fill in the blanks with the words in the box.so although if but when1. Many people do not realize

4、they are killing a whole shark _ they enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup.2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, _ if their numbers drop, the oceans ecosystem will be in danger.whenso3. Many think that sharks are too strong to be endangered, _ they are wrong.4. _ there are no scientific studies to s

5、upport this, a lot of people believe that shark fins are good for health.5. Sharks may disappear one day _ we do not do something to stop the sale of shark fins.butAlthoughifadj. 科學(xué)上的，科學(xué)的科學(xué)上的，科學(xué)的Retell the passage according to the words below.shark fin soup in southern China each time cut off no lon

6、ger not onlybut also at the top drop be endangered the strongest around 70 million fallen by over 90 percent WildAid and the WWF develop laws scientific studies 1. A shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. 鯊魚不能再游泳然后慢慢死掉。鯊魚不能再游泳然后慢慢死掉。no longer意思是意思是“不再不再” e.g. Im no longer a student. 我不再是個(gè)學(xué)生了。我不再是

7、個(gè)學(xué)生了。 有兩個(gè)短語和有兩個(gè)短語和no longer同義，即同義，即notany longer和和notany more，但他，但他們側(cè)重的方面不同。們側(cè)重的方面不同。no longer和和notany longer側(cè)重時(shí)間。側(cè)重時(shí)間。 e.g. He no longer lives here. = He doesnt live here any longer. 他不在這兒居住了。他不在這兒居住了。(一個(gè)時(shí)間以前他住一個(gè)時(shí)間以前他住 在這兒，過了這個(gè)時(shí)間，他就離開了。在這兒，過了這個(gè)時(shí)間，他就離開了。) notany more側(cè)重程度和數(shù)量側(cè)重程度和數(shù)量e.g. You can drink

8、no more. = You cant drink any more. 你不能再喝了。你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程喝酒的量到了一定程 度，不能再繼續(xù)下去了。度，不能再繼續(xù)下去了。) 2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. 這種方法不但殘忍而且對環(huán)境有害。這種方法不但殘忍而且對環(huán)境有害。not onlybut also用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的成分，著用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的成分，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者，其意為重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者，其意為“不僅不僅而而且且”; 其中的其中的also有時(shí)可以省略。有時(shí)可以省略

9、。e.g. She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不但很會演奏，而且還會作曲。她不但很會演奏，而且還會作曲。 Not only men but also women were chosen. 不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。 若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語，其謂語通常與靠近的若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語，其謂語通常與靠近的主語保持一致。主語保持一致。e.g. Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得離開。不只是你，他也得離開。 not only放在句首，后接句子時(shí)要用

10、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。放在句首，后接句子時(shí)要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 e.g. Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison. 這個(gè)可憐的人不僅被罰款，而且還被這個(gè)可憐的人不僅被罰款，而且還被 送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。 be harmful to 對對有害有害e.g. Smoking is harmful to the health. 吸煙有害健康。吸煙有害健康。 Playing computer games much is harmful to students. 電腦游戲玩太多對學(xué)生有害。電腦游戲玩太多對學(xué)生有害

11、。3. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem. 鯊魚位于海洋生物系統(tǒng)食物鏈的頂部。鯊魚位于海洋生物系統(tǒng)食物鏈的頂部。at the top of 在在最高地位最高地位; 用最高用最高最最大大的的(速度速度, 聲音等聲音等) e.g. I looked at the top of his head, his hair shiny and parted smoothly. 我看他的頭頂我看他的頭頂, 頭發(fā)閃亮且平滑的分頭發(fā)閃亮且平滑的分 開。開。He shouted at the top of his voic

12、e in order that he might be heard.他盡力大聲叫喊他盡力大聲叫喊, 以便別人能聽見。以便別人能聽見。4. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. 如果它們的數(shù)目降至過低，會給所有如果它們的數(shù)目降至過低，會給所有 海洋生物帶來危險(xiǎn)。海洋生物帶來危險(xiǎn)。 此句復(fù)數(shù)形式的此句復(fù)數(shù)形式的numbers表達(dá)全海洋中鯊表達(dá)全海洋中鯊 魚的總量。當(dāng)表示數(shù)值的高或低時(shí)，魚的總量。當(dāng)表示數(shù)值的高或低時(shí)，number要用要用high或或low修飾。修飾。e.g. In that co

13、untry, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and village. 在那個(gè)國家，城市兒童入學(xué)人數(shù)比鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)在那個(gè)國家，城市兒童入學(xué)人數(shù)比鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn) 及及農(nóng)村要高。農(nóng)村要高。常與常與number搭配的動詞有搭配的動詞有g(shù)row, fall等。等。e.g. The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently. 近來擁有轎車的家庭數(shù)量增長很快。近來擁有轎車的家庭數(shù)量增長很快。5. Environment

14、protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. 世界各地的環(huán)境保護(hù)組織，如野生救援協(xié)世界各地的環(huán)境保護(hù)組織，如野生救援協(xié) 會和世界自然基金會，都在教育公眾有關(guān)會和世界自然基金會，都在教育公眾有關(guān) “獵翅獵翅”的行為。的行為。1) 句中句中fin本為名詞，指本為名詞，指 “魚鰭魚鰭”。此句中的。此句中的 finning由動詞化的由動詞化的fin（割鯊魚鰭以獲?。ǜ铛忯~鰭以獲取 魚翅）的魚翅）的-ing形式轉(zhuǎn)化而成，指課文中所形式轉(zhuǎn)化而

15、成，指課文中所 陳述的陳述的 “獵翅獵翅”這一行為。這一行為。 2) WildAid和和WWF組織組織 WildAid（美國野生救援協(xié)會）（美國野生救援協(xié)會）是保護(hù)野生動物及棲息地環(huán)境是保護(hù)野生動物及棲息地環(huán)境的一個(gè)非盈利性的機(jī)構(gòu)，的一個(gè)非盈利性的機(jī)構(gòu)，1999年注冊成立，其宗旨是保護(hù)及年注冊成立，其宗旨是保護(hù)及救助世界范圍內(nèi)的野生動物；救助世界范圍內(nèi)的野生動物；WWF（世界自然基金會）英（世界自然基金會）英文全稱為文全稱為World Wide Fund for Nature，成立于，成立于1961年，是享年，是享有國際盛譽(yù)，全球最大的獨(dú)立有國際盛譽(yù)，全球最大的獨(dú)立性非政府環(huán)境保護(hù)組織之一。性

16、非政府環(huán)境保護(hù)組織之一。Pay attention to the sentences.1. Were trying to save the earth.2. The river used to be so clean.3. The air is badly polluted.4. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.5. We should help save the sharks.Present progressiveused toPassive voicePresent perfectMo

17、dal verbs現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): : Present Progressive結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu): be (am/is/are) + v.-ing標(biāo)志詞：標(biāo)志詞：Look, Listen, now, right nowe.g. Look! The boy is crying.定義：定義：表示說話時(shí)表示說話時(shí)(瞬間瞬間)正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行的動作的動作, 也表示目前或現(xiàn)階也表示目前或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。段正在進(jìn)行的動作。 What a fine day today! Look! What are they doing?used to do sth. 表示過去常常做某事表示過去常常做某事, 而現(xiàn)而現(xiàn) 在

18、往往不做了在往往不做了, 后接動詞原后接動詞原 形。形。be used to doing sth. 表示習(xí)慣于做某事表示習(xí)慣于做某事e.g. I used to get up at six oclock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.used to do與與be used to doingTranslation.1. 她過去常常周末和朋友閑逛。她過去常常周末和朋友閑逛。 She used to hang out with friends on weekends.2. 他習(xí)慣于每天晚上睡得很晚。他習(xí)慣于每天晚上睡得很

19、晚。 He is used to staying up.被動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)：Passive voice定義：定義：表示主語是動作的承受者，即行表示主語是動作的承受者，即行 為動作的對象的一種語態(tài)。為動作的對象的一種語態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：be + 過去分詞過去分詞e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day.Translate the sentences by using Passive voice.1. 剛才一些老年人參觀了博物館。剛才一些老年人參觀了博物館。2. 工人們使用不同種類的機(jī)器工作。工

20、人們使用不同種類的機(jī)器工作。The museum was visited by some old people just now. Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers. 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu): has/have + 過去分詞過去分詞標(biāo)志詞：標(biāo)志詞：already, yet, ever, never, since, fore.g. I havent finished my homework yet.定義：定義：表示動作已經(jīng)完成表示動作已經(jīng)完成, 但對現(xiàn)在造成影但對現(xiàn)在造成影 響響; 或者表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始一或者表示從過去

21、某一時(shí)間開始一 直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能持續(xù)下去的直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能持續(xù)下去的 動作。動作。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): Present PerfectComplete the following sentences.1. I _ (be) in Beijing for two years.2. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before.3. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago.have beenhaveheard has worked4. The twins _ (wash) the clothes for an hour

22、.5. He _ (play) basketball since three years ago.6. How long _ Sally _ (sing) yet?have washedhas playedhassung1. 情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義, 表示說話表示說話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣, 但不能單獨(dú)作但不能單獨(dú)作謂語謂語, 只能與其他動詞構(gòu)成謂語。只能與其他動詞構(gòu)成謂語。 常見的有常見的有: can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。等。情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞

23、2. 情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化, 后接動詞原后接動詞原形。否定式是在情態(tài)動詞后面加形。否定式是在情態(tài)動詞后面加not。個(gè)。個(gè)別情態(tài)動詞有過去式形式別情態(tài)動詞有過去式形式, 可用來表達(dá)更可用來表達(dá)更加客氣、委婉的語氣。加客氣、委婉的語氣。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old. You mustnt play with fire. It is dangerous.Translation.1. 我們不能在教室里吃

24、東西。我們不能在教室里吃東西。2. 首先你必須完成作業(yè)。首先你必須完成作業(yè)。3. 他現(xiàn)在不可能在家。他現(xiàn)在不可能在家。4. 她一定知道這個(gè)問題的答案。她一定知道這個(gè)問題的答案。We cant eat in the classroom. You must finish your homework first. He cant be at home now. She must know the answer to this question.4aFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Joe: _ you

25、 ever _ (take) part in an environmental project ?Eric: Yes, I have. I _ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city _ ever _ (have).Have takenhelpedconsideredhadhad參加參加Joe: How many people _ (take) part?Eric: I _ (think) more than 1,000 people _ (

26、come) to help out.Joe: Thats fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _ (try) to improve the environment.Eric: Yes, we cant afford to _ (wait) any longer to take action!tookthinkcametryingwaitv. 承擔(dān)得起承擔(dān)得起( (后果后果) ); 買得起買得起4bFill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box.People _

27、think that big things_ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _ savemay/mightmustcancan would couldhave to should mustmay/ mightelectricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think its a great idea that you n