2017-2021年北京高考英語(yǔ)真題分類(lèi)匯編之七選五

1、2017-2021年北京高考英語(yǔ)真題分類(lèi)匯編之七選五一信息匹配（共3小題）1（2021北京）Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people.（1） The mental health benefits from music cant be argued.Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes. （2） However，for the same reason，music ca

2、n be very beneficial if one is in pain.By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels.This，of course，can lead to less pain. Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.（3） While the validity of the idea is still being assesse

3、d，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure.Similarly，according to researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels，through the lowering of stress and anxiety. When it comes to heart health，there is speculation（推測(cè)）that its not

4、 the style of music，but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health.In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure.（4） On the other hand，when the music slowed，the participants stress and anxiety levels became lo

5、wer and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit. （5） But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable.A.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.B.Some experts say that music can be

6、harmful if it is too loud.C.This idea is a little offthewall but still has scientific backing.D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.E.The implications of music on overall wellbeing are really impressive.F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on

7、 stress and anxiety.G.Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were.2（2020北京）Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping ones head in the sand and ignoring daily problems， trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an i

8、ndividual talks to himself. Selftalk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person， who is often unaware and uncertain of some events， phenomena， people， or even the person himself.（1） Meanwhile， positive thinking can help to stop negative selftalks and start to form a positive view on an issue. Peop

9、le who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. （2） People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans （壽命）， lower rates of depression an

10、d anxiety， better physical and psychological health， reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to ones ability to deal with problems and hardships. （3） For example， researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions， such as a natu

11、ral disaster， positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer （緩沖作用） against depression and anxiety. Resilient （適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的） people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge， a chance for improvement of any kind， or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists， on the contrary， t

12、end to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.（4） In conclusion， positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of ones life. It doesnt have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. （5）

13、 Thinking in a positive， selfencouraging way brings about many benefits to ones physical and mental health.AIt doesnt cause any severe emotional discomfort， either.BNegative selftalk damages selfconfidence and decreases selfrespect.CIt helps one to remain clearheaded and confident in difficult situa

14、tions.DPositive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.EAs thinking changes， an individuals behaviour and habits change as well.FThey often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.GThey often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the proble

15、m， even if small.3（2019北京）Much of the work in todays world is accomplished （完成）in teamsMost people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals（1） Companies spend millions hiring top business peopleIs their money well spent？ （2） They focused on foo

16、tball，basketball and baseballThe results are mixedFor football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level，the teams performance begins to declineInterestingly，this trend isnt evident in baseb

17、all，where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance To explain tins phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate （協(xié)調(diào)）their actions（3） In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependen

18、t on teammatesThey conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lowerIf a basketball star is，for example，trying to gain a high personal po

19、int total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the teams performanceYoung children learning to play team sports are often told， There is no I in TEAM （4） Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make l

20、ess effortJust as in a game of tugofwar （拔河比賽），whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force （5） An Ateam may require a balancenot just A players，but a few generous B players as wellAIts not a simple matter to determine the nature of talentBSports team owners spend millions

21、 of dollars attracting top talentCThe group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attentionDStars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanshipESeveral recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports worldFBuilding up a dream team is more complex than simply hirin

22、g the best talentGThis task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball2017-2021年北京高考英語(yǔ)真題分類(lèi)匯編之七選五參考答案與試題解析一信息匹配（共3小題）1（2021北京）Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people.（1）FThe mental health benefits from music cant be argued.Music could also be

23、 helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes. （2）BHowever，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain.By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels.This，of course，can lead to less pain. Many people enjoy relax

24、ing music in the evening prior to going to bed.（3）DWhile the validity of the idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure.Similarly，according to researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels，throug

25、h the lowering of stress and anxiety. When it comes to heart health，there is speculation（推測(cè)）that its not the style of music，but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health.In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood p

26、ressure.（4）G On the other hand，when the music slowed，the participants stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit. （5）EBut there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so va

27、luable.A.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.B.Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.C.This idea is a little offthewall but still has scientific backing.D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.E.The implications of music on

28、 overall wellbeing are really impressive.F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety.G.Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were.【考點(diǎn)】選句填空菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是音樂(lè)對(duì)身體的好處?！窘獯稹浚?）F.推理判斷題?？崭窈笳f(shuō)The mental health benefits from

29、music cant be argued （音樂(lè)對(duì)心理健康的益處是毋庸置疑的。） F選項(xiàng)It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety中的stress and anxiety照應(yīng)了mental health benefits ，因此F選項(xiàng)切合題意，故選F.（2）B.段落大意題?？崭窈笳f(shuō)However ，for the same reason ，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain （然而，出于同樣的原因，當(dāng)一個(gè)人處于痛苦中時(shí)

30、，音樂(lè)是非常有益的。） However表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空格處為對(duì)音樂(lè)的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)，B選項(xiàng)Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud中的harmful就是負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)，因此B選項(xiàng)切合題意，故選B。（3）D.推理判斷題?？崭袂罢f(shuō)Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed （許多人喜歡在晚上睡覺(jué)前聽(tīng)些輕松的音樂(lè)。） D選項(xiàng)They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough

31、 to sleep中的sleep和going to bed相呼應(yīng)，因此D選項(xiàng)切合題意，故選D。（4）G.推理判斷題?？崭袂罢f(shuō)In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. （在歐洲的一項(xiàng)研究中，參與者聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，研究人員監(jiān)測(cè)他們的心率和血壓。） G選項(xiàng)Interestingly ，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were

32、中的heart rates和前面的heart rates相照應(yīng)，因此G選項(xiàng)切合題意，故選G。（5）E.段落大意題?？崭窈笳f(shuō)But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable. （但是，開(kāi)著收音機(jī)還可以對(duì)一系列其他的健康問(wèn)題有益，這就是音樂(lè)如此有價(jià)值的原因。） 因此本段講的是音樂(lè)對(duì)身體總的好處，E選項(xiàng)The implications of music on overall w

33、ellbeing are really impressive講的是音樂(lè)對(duì)整體健康的影響是非常令人印象深刻的，因此E選項(xiàng)切合題意，故選E?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】關(guān)于七選五的做題步驟：步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍七個(gè)備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：標(biāo)題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步驟二：快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。步驟四：注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。步驟五：區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)。2（2020北京）Many people think that positive thinking is most

34、ly about keeping ones head in the sand and ignoring daily problems， trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Selftalk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person， who is often unaware and uncertain of some events， phenomena， people， or eve

35、n the person himself.（1）B Meanwhile， positive thinking can help to stop negative selftalks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to

36、believe in themselves and in what they do. （2）D People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans （壽命）， lower rates of depression and anxiety， better physical and psychological health， reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to ones ability to deal w

37、ith problems and hardships. （3）C For example， researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions， such as a natural disaster， positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer （緩沖作用） against depression and anxiety. Resilient （適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的） people who think positively tend to tr

38、eat every problem as a challenge， a chance for improvement of any kind， or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists， on the contrary， tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.（4）G In conclusion， positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times

39、 and improving the quality of ones life. It doesnt have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. （5）A Thinking in a positive， selfencouraging way brings about many benefits to ones physical and mental health.AIt doesnt cause any severe emotional discomfor

40、t， either.BNegative selftalk damages selfconfidence and decreases selfrespect.CIt helps one to remain clearheaded and confident in difficult situations.DPositive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.EAs thinking changes， an individuals behaviour and habits change as well.

41、FThey often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.GThey often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem， even if small.【考點(diǎn)】選句填空菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了積極思考對(duì)人產(chǎn)生的各種益處，同時(shí)將積極思考者與悲觀主義者相比較，分析兩種人的差異。積極思維是應(yīng)對(duì)困難時(shí)期和提高個(gè)人生活質(zhì)量的強(qiáng)大而有效的工具。【解答】（1）B推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Selftalk is a

42、constant stream of thoughts of a person， who is often unaware and uncertain of some events， phenomena， people， or even the person himself.（自我對(duì)話是一個(gè)人持續(xù)不斷的想法，他常常對(duì)一些事件、現(xiàn)象、人，甚至是他自己都沒(méi)有意識(shí)和不確定）以及后文Meanwhile， positive thinking can help to stop negative selftalks and start to form a positive view on an issue.

43、（同時(shí)，積極的思考可以幫助停止消極的自我對(duì)話，開(kāi)始形成對(duì)一個(gè)問(wèn)題的積極的觀點(diǎn)）由此可知，上文對(duì)自我對(duì)話進(jìn)行了定義，后文則提到了積極的思考可以有助于停止消極的自我對(duì)話，可知本句是在說(shuō)明消極的自我對(duì)話對(duì)人的不良影響。后文中negative selftalks可對(duì)應(yīng)到B選項(xiàng)中Negative selftalk。故B選項(xiàng)消極的自言自語(yǔ)會(huì)損害自信，降低自尊符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。（2）D信息匹配題。根據(jù)后文People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans， lower rates of depression and anxiety， be

44、tter physical and psychological health， reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to ones ability to deal with problems and hardships.（積極思考的人壽命更長(zhǎng)，抑郁和焦慮率更低，身心更健康，死于心臟問(wèn)題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更低。積極的思考也有助于一個(gè)人處理問(wèn)題和困難的能力）由此可知，后文提到了積極思考對(duì)人的益處，后文中People who think positively以及Positive thinki

45、ng可對(duì)應(yīng)到D選項(xiàng)中Positive thinking。故D選項(xiàng)積極思考對(duì)身心有幾個(gè)有益的影響符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。（3）C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)后文For example， researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions， such as a natural disaster， positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.（例如，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)危機(jī)伴隨著強(qiáng)烈的情緒時(shí)，比如自

46、然災(zāi)害，積極的思考可以為抑郁和焦慮提供一種緩沖）可知，后文舉出的例子說(shuō)明了積極思考可以讓一個(gè)人在面臨危機(jī)時(shí)，保持冷靜。故C選項(xiàng)它幫助一個(gè)人在困難的情況下保持頭腦清醒和自信符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。（4）G邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)上文Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge， a chance for improvement of any kind， or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists， on the contrary， t

47、end to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.（積極思考的、有韌性的人傾向于把每一個(gè)問(wèn)題都看作是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，一個(gè)改進(jìn)的機(jī)會(huì)，或者一個(gè)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)。相反，悲觀主義者傾向于將問(wèn)題視為額外壓力的來(lái)源）可知，上文在將積極思考者與悲觀主義者相比較，本句應(yīng)承接上文，進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明悲觀主義者在解決問(wèn)題時(shí)一些性格特點(diǎn)。上文Pessimists可對(duì)應(yīng)到G選項(xiàng)中They。故G選項(xiàng)他們常常在試圖解決問(wèn)題之前就感到氣餒，即使是很小的問(wèn)題符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。（5）A推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文In conclusion， positive thinking i

48、s a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of ones life. It doesnt have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. （總之，積極思考是應(yīng)對(duì)困難時(shí)期和提高個(gè)人生活質(zhì)量的強(qiáng)大而有效的工具。當(dāng)一個(gè)人拒絕注意到一個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)，它與無(wú)知的樂(lè)觀主義沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系）可知，本句承接上文進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明一個(gè)人拒絕注意到問(wèn)題的影響，它與無(wú)知的樂(lè)

49、觀主義沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系，也不會(huì)引起任何嚴(yán)重的情緒不適。故A選項(xiàng)它也不會(huì)引起任何嚴(yán)重的情緒不適符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】七選五這樣的題型，主要目的在于考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。解題時(shí)最主要的兩個(gè)步驟就是1理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說(shuō)是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細(xì)節(jié)，排除相近的選項(xiàng)。得出正確的答案。3（2019北京）Much of the work in todays world is accomplished （完成）in teamsMost people believe the

50、 best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals（1）BCompanies spend millions hiring top business peopleIs their money well spent？ （2）EThey focused on football，basketball and baseballThe results are mixedFor football and basketball，adding talented players to a tea

51、m proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level，the teams performance begins to declineInterestingly，this trend isnt evident in baseball，where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance To explain tins phenomenon，the re

52、searchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate （協(xié)調(diào)）their actions（3）GIn baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammatesThey conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is

53、too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lowerIf a basketball star is，for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team

54、s performanceYoung children learning to play team sports are often told， There is no I in TEAM （4）D Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effortJust as in a game of tugofwar （拔河比賽），whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with l

55、ess force （5）F An Ateam may require a balancenot just A players，but a few generous B players as wellAIts not a simple matter to determine the nature of talentBSports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talentCThe group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attentionDStars

56、apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanshipESeveral recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports worldFBuilding up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talentGThis task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball【考點(diǎn)】選句填空菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)版權(quán)

57、所有【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文文章主要講了當(dāng)今世界的大部分工作都是在團(tuán)隊(duì)中完成的大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為組建一個(gè)偉大團(tuán)隊(duì)的最好方法是聚集一群最有才華的人可是他們的錢(qián)花得好嗎？文章就這一問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了調(diào)查【解答】1B 考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷根據(jù)上一句Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為組建一個(gè)偉大團(tuán)隊(duì)的最好方法是聚集一群最有才華的人以及下一句Companies spend millions hiring top business people公司花費(fèi)數(shù)百萬(wàn)雇傭頂級(jí)商務(wù)人士可知此處說(shuō)的是雇傭頂級(jí)人才的事情，所以和B項(xiàng)Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)老板花費(fèi)數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元吸引頂尖人才相吻合故選B2E 考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷根據(jù)下一句They focused on football，basketball and baseballThe results are mixed他們關(guān)注足球、籃球和棒球，結(jié)果是喜憂參半的可知此