形容詞和副詞詳解

1、形容詞是用來描寫或修飾名詞或代詞的一類形容詞是用來描寫或修飾名詞或代詞的一類詞，表示事物的詞，表示事物的特征特征的詞。的詞。e.g. long, hot ,empty, cheap, hungry, etc.用用 法法例例 句句作表語作表語My mother looks happy .作定語作定語The blue pen is mine.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper.作賓補作賓補We keep the classroom clean? 用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其它副詞、用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其它副詞、名詞詞組及句子的詞。名詞詞

2、組及句子的詞。用用 法法例例 句句作表語作表語My mother is out .作定語作定語The girl there is my friend. 作狀語作狀語He runs fast .作賓補作賓補I found him outside. l1形容詞+名詞+ed kind-hearted 2形容詞+形容詞 dark-blue 3形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 ordinary-looking 4副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 hard-working 5副詞+過去分詞 newly-builtl6名詞+形容詞 world-famous 7名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 peace-lovingl8名詞+過去分詞 snow-covere

3、dl9 數(shù)詞+名詞+ed three-egged 10數(shù)詞+名詞 twenty-yearl3.形容詞（短語）作伴隨狀語lAs he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 當(dāng)他看著山羊的時候，山羊翻了個身，死了。lAfraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困難，他們寧愿走好走的路 副詞的分類l1時間副詞soon, now, early, finally, once, recentlyl2地點副詞here, nearby, outside, upwards, abovel

4、3方式副詞hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, reallyl4程度副詞almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, ratherl5頻度副詞always, often, frequently, seldom, neverl6疑問副詞how, where, when, whyl7連接副詞how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhilel8關(guān)系副詞when, where, whylIII. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級l形容詞和副詞的比較等級分為原級，比較級和最高級。比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成

5、一般是在形容詞和副詞后加-er和-est，多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)詞前加more 和most。l同級比較時常常用 asas以及not so(as)aslShe is as tall as her mother.I am not as/ so good a player as you are.l雙方比較，表示一方超過另一方時，用“比較級 （+ than）”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。要注意題干中將比較的另一方陰藏起來的情況。lThis picture is more beautiful than that one.lI have never seen such a more interesting film (tha

6、n this one).l表示一方不及另一方時，用“l(fā)ess + 原級 + than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示 lThis room is less beautiful than that one.l表示一方隨另一方變化時用“the morethe more”句型lThe harder you work, the more progress you will makel用比較級來表達(dá)最高級的意思lI have never spent a more worrying day.我從來沒有度過這樣令人煩惱的一天。（意為：我度過了最為令人煩惱的一天。）形容詞和副詞的原級用法形容詞和副詞的原級用法 作用作用結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)和

7、和一樣一樣as+形容詞形容詞/副詞原級副詞原級+as“不及不如不及不如not as/ so +形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞原級原級+as如此如此以至以至于于太太而不能而不能so+ 形容詞形容詞/副詞原級副詞原級+that從句從句 too+形容詞形容詞/副詞原級副詞原級+ to do sth.形容詞形容詞/副詞原級副詞原級+ enough to do sth表示倍數(shù)表示倍數(shù)bebe倍數(shù)倍數(shù)as+as+形容詞形容詞asas“如此”、“這樣”在在“such +a (an)+adj.+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞” =so+adj.+a (an)+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞“such+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名

8、詞不可數(shù)名詞“形容詞和副詞的原級形容詞和副詞的原級” 練習(xí)題練習(xí)題1.Tom is as_ as Mike. (tall)3.There are as _students in our school as yours. (many)2.Tom is three times as_ as Mike. (old)4.Tom doesnt sing as _ as Mike.(good)5.Our school is not so _ as yours.(big)6. Football is not so _ as basketball in the USA. (popular) He is too

9、 young to join the army. = He _ _ enough to join the army.= He is _ young_ he cant join the army.talloldmanywellbigpopularis youngsothat形容詞和副詞的比較級用法形容詞和副詞的比較級用法 作用作用 結(jié)結(jié) 構(gòu)構(gòu)兩個事物兩個事物/人比較人比較比較級比較級+than “Which is+ 比較級，比較級，or?” 不及不及“l(fā)ess+原級原級+than”“越越,越越”“The+比較級比較級，the+比較級比較級”表示越來越表示越來越 “比較級比較級+and+比較級比較

10、級”表示兩者當(dāng)中表示兩者當(dāng)中最最的的“the+比較級比較級+of the two.”的用法的用法 e.g. He is the taller of the two.表示表示“倍數(shù)倍數(shù)”be倍數(shù)比較級倍數(shù)比較級than被比對象被比對象比比任何一個任何一個都都比較級比較級+ than any other +n.(單數(shù)單數(shù)) + in(of) 形容詞和副詞的比較級相關(guān)練習(xí)形容詞和副詞的比較級相關(guān)練習(xí) 1.Our school is _ than theirs. (big) 2.This bridge is_ than that one.(old) 3.Who writes _, Kate or To

11、m? (careful)4.This park is less _ than that one. (beautiful)5.The _ you work(hard),the _ you will learn.(much)6.In spring, the days are getting _ and _.(long)7.She is the_ of the two.(young)8.The sun is a million times _ than the earth.(big)biggeroldermore carefullyhardermorelonger longeryoungerbigg

12、erbeautiful形容詞和副詞的最高級用法形容詞和副詞的最高級用法 結(jié)結(jié) 構(gòu)構(gòu)one of the+最高級最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) (最最之一之一)最高級最高級+of (in)可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：比較級比較級+ than any other +n.(單數(shù)單數(shù)) +in(of) (比比任何一個都任何一個都)This is/ was the +最高級最高級+名詞名詞+that定語從句定語從句 be +序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞+最高級最高級+名詞名詞(可數(shù)的單數(shù)名詞可數(shù)的單數(shù)名詞) +in(of) “enough足夠的”作定語時一般放在中心詞前；但作副詞時只能后置。We have enough food

13、 to eat. We dont have enough money to carry on the plan.Its warm enough.She is old enough to go to school.即: enough +名詞 副詞/形容詞+ enough“Enough”與形容詞、副詞連用許多以前綴a-構(gòu)成的形容詞常作后置定語，這樣的形容詞有： awake, alone, alive, afraid, alike, asleep等。1.Do you know the man asleep over there?“asleep”做后置定語，修飾“the man ”2.There we

14、re still three people alive on the island. “alive”做后置定語，修飾“three people ” 有的詞既是副詞又是形容詞有的詞既是副詞又是形容詞如如:fast late hard earlyEg. They worked hard though it was hard work. good的副詞是的副詞是well,hard 既是形容既是形容詞也是副詞詞也是副詞,作形容詞是作形容詞是“困難的困難的”，作副詞是作副詞是“努力地努力地”。 hardly的意思是的意思是“幾乎不幾乎不”的意思的意思,它和它和hard沒關(guān)系。沒關(guān)系。帶有基數(shù)詞的帶有基數(shù)

15、詞的復(fù)合形容詞復(fù)合形容詞的用法的用法 The nine-year-old boy wrote an_article, which I think excellent. A. eight-thousand-words B. eight-thousand-word C. eight-thousands-word D. eight hundred word B5.be/look/become/keep/taste/sound/feel/seem等系動詞后接等系動詞后接形容詞形容詞做表語做表語.e. She is happy.Kate looks _(worry).She became _(angry

16、) when she heard the news. The soup tastes _(good).The music sounds _(beautiful) and she sings _. (beautiful) Please keep _ (quiet)!She walked into the room _ (quiet).系動詞系動詞+形容詞的用法形容詞的用法worriedangrygoodbeautifulbeautifullyquietquietly “帶基數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞帶基數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞”的用法的用法. 帶基數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)是帶基數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)是 “基數(shù)詞基數(shù)

17、詞+名詞名詞”構(gòu)成構(gòu)成,基數(shù)詞和名詞之間須用連字符號基數(shù)詞和名詞之間須用連字符號 ” ”。盡管基數(shù)。盡管基數(shù)詞為二以上，名詞也不能用復(fù)數(shù)。詞為二以上，名詞也不能用復(fù)數(shù)。如：他有一個如：他有一個8歲的女孩。歲的女孩。1.He has _daughter.2.從我家走路到學(xué)校要從我家走路到學(xué)校要20分鐘。分鐘。an eight-year-old 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞的特例形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞的特例有許多副詞是從形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的。方法是在形有許多副詞是從形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的。方法是在形容詞詞尾加上容詞詞尾加上-ly。如：如：carefully，badly，freely，slowly等，在變化等，在變化時要注意詞

18、尾是時要注意詞尾是y的，改的，改y為為i再加再加ly。如。如busy ，happy ，另外以，另外以e結(jié)尾的，結(jié)尾的，大部分直接加大部分直接加-ly。如：。如：wide , ,brave ,polite 等。等。如如: : truetruly， terribleterribly, gentle gentlybusilyhappilywidelybravelypolitely還有幾個特殊的要去還有幾個特殊的要去e后再加后再加-ly或或y。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)l肯定句中，用肯定句中，用as+原級形容詞原級形容詞+as lThe story is as interesting as the one you j

19、ust told.l否定句中，用否定句中，用not as/so +原級形容詞原級形容詞 +as lIm not as/so busy as I used to be las much /many +n+as 和和一樣多的一樣多的l比較級表示最高級的意義：比較級表示最高級的意義：l比較級比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 l all other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞l any of the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞l anyone else any+ 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞(不同范圍不同范圍 lJulia is taller than any other girl in her class.lJulia is taller than all other girls in her class.lJulia is tall