形容詞用法課件

1、形容詞形容詞一一. .定義定義: :用來修飾名用來修飾名詞或代詞詞或代詞, , 表示人或事表示人或事物的性質(zhì)物的性質(zhì), ,特征或狀態(tài)特征或狀態(tài). .一般分為下面一般分為下面兩類兩類: :外觀外觀:long, strong, big, round, fat, :long, strong, big, round, fat, beautiful, oldbeautiful, old性質(zhì)性質(zhì): :good, clean, new, fresh, good, clean, new, fresh, soft, excellentsoft, excellent顏色顏色: :red, black, green

2、, blue, red, black, green, blue, white, brownwhite, brown 性格性格: :kind, strict, honest, foolish, kind, strict, honest, foolish, lazy, rude(lazy, rude(粗魯?shù)拇拄數(shù)? 狀況狀況: :careful, blind, deaf, cheap, careful, blind, deaf, cheap, hungryhungry 評論評論: :great, true, necessary, great, true, necessary, difficult

3、,wrongdifficult ,wrong性性質(zhì)質(zhì)形形容容詞詞關(guān)關(guān)系系形形容容詞詞. .地域地域: :Chinese, American, Chinese, American, Asian, PacificAsian, Pacific( (太平洋的太平洋的) ). .質(zhì)料質(zhì)料: :wooden, golden, wooden, golden, plastic, metallicplastic, metallic( (金屬的金屬的, , 含金屬的含金屬的) ). .科技科技: :electric, chemical, electric, chemical, atomicatomic( (原子的

4、原子的) ), medical, medical. .意識意識: :communistcommunist（共產(chǎn)主義的）（共產(chǎn)主義的）, , socialsocial（社會的）（社會的）. .行業(yè)行業(yè): :industrialindustrial（工業(yè)的）（工業(yè)的） 二二. . 形容詞形容詞在句子中的作用在句子中的作用形容詞在句子中可形容詞在句子中可定語、表語、同位語、賓語補(bǔ)定語、表語、同位語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語足語、狀語等。等。1. She is a brave girl and she can do anything.1. She is a brave girl and she can do

5、anything.2. Mount Tai, the famous in our country, has 2. Mount Tai, the famous in our country, has been visited by millions of travellers every been visited by millions of travellers every year. year.3. Who let the door open? 3. Who let the door open? 4. I went to bed hungry.4. I went to bed hungry.

6、5. You should keep the classroom clean.5. You should keep the classroom clean.定語定語同位語同位語賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語狀語賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)三三. . 形容詞的比較級和形容詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成最高級的構(gòu)成 : : 有規(guī)則有規(guī)則和不規(guī)則兩種形式和不規(guī)則兩種形式. .1.1.規(guī)則形容詞的比較級和最高級（規(guī)則形容詞的比較級和最高級（4 4種種）、直接加、直接加-er-er，-est :-est : youngyoung clever braveclever brave young younger er clevercleverer er

7、 bravebraver r youngyoungestest clever cleverest est bravebravestst、輔音字母、輔音字母 + + y y 結(jié)尾的變結(jié)尾的變 y y 為為 i i 再加再加 -er-er、-est :-est : happy early heavyhappy early heavy happ happi ierer earlearli ier er heavheavi ierer happ happi iest est earlearli iest est heavheavi iestest、以一個輔音字母、以一個輔音字母( (ww、y y、r

8、r 除外除外) )結(jié)尾的重讀閉音結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這一輔音字母再加節(jié)詞，先雙寫這一輔音字母再加-er-er、-est-est fat thin hot slowfat thin hot slow fat fatt terer thinthinn ner er hothott ter er slowslowerer fat fatt test est thinthinn nest est hothott test est slowslowestest 、多音節(jié)詞和派生的雙音節(jié)詞前加、多音節(jié)詞和派生的雙音節(jié)詞前加 moremore、most most beautifulbeautiful

9、expensive expensive moremore beautiful beautiful moremore expensive expensivemostmost beautiful beautiful mostmost expensive expensive 反向比較加反向比較加 lessless、least least lessless expensive expensive 1) good1) good well wellbetterbetterbestbest2) bad2) bad ill illworseworseworstworst3) many3) many much

10、muchmoremoremostmost4) little4) littlelesslessleastleast2.2.不規(guī)則的形容詞、副詞的級要特殊記。不規(guī)則的形容詞、副詞的級要特殊記。1.雙方比較，雙方比較， 表示一方超過另一方時表示一方超過另一方時， 用用“比較級比較級than ” 的結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu) This picture is more beautiful than that one .2.表示一方不及另一方時，用表示一方不及另一方時，用“ less + 原級原級 than”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) This room is less beautiful than that one.3.表示一方在程度或

11、數(shù)量上超過另一方時，可表示一方在程度或數(shù)量上超過另一方時，可在比較級前加表示程度的狀語，在比較級前加表示程度的狀語， 如如 even , a lot , a bit , a little, still, much , far , yet ,by far等修飾。等修飾。 He works even harder than before.3. 比較級的用法比較級的用法注意：注意： by farby far 通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)最高級。通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)最高級。 用于比用于比較級一般放在比較級的后面，若放在前面，應(yīng)在較級一般放在比較級的后面，若放在前面，應(yīng)在二者中間加二者中間加 thethe . . He is

12、taller by far than his brother . He is by far the taller of the two brothers .4) 4) 表示一方隨另一方的程度而變化時，表示一方隨另一方的程度而變化時，用用“ the + the + 比較級（主語謂語）比較級（主語謂語）the +the +比較級（主比較級（主語謂語）語謂語）” 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu) （越（越.越越） The hardThe harderer he works , the happ he works , the happierier he feels .he feels .5) 不與其他事物不與其他事物 相比，

13、表示本身程度的改變時相比，表示本身程度的改變時，用用“比較級比較級 and + 比較級比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 The girl becomes The girl becomes more and moremore and more beautiful .beautiful . The weather is getting The weather is getting colder and colder and coldercolder . .6 6) ) 倍數(shù)表達(dá)倍數(shù)表達(dá) A A is + is + 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) as as as as B B This room is twice as big a

14、s that one.注意：注意： times times 表三倍以上表三倍以上 , , 兩倍用兩倍用 twice / doubletwice / double三者或三者以上相比，三者或三者以上相比， 表示最高程度時，表示最高程度時，用用“the + the + 最高級最高級” 的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。 這種句式一這種句式一般般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。ZhangHua is the tallest ZhangHua is the tallest of the threeof the three . . He works (the ) hardest He wor

15、ks (the ) hardest in his classin his class . .4 最高級的用法最高級的用法六六. .比較級的基本句型比較級的基本句型原級原級as+adj.+asnot so/as+adj. +asI am as tall as you.She is not so/as tall as I.比較比較級級比較級比較級+than+thanWhich+v. +Which+v. +比比較級較級,A or B?,A or B?比較級比較級 and and 比較比較級級The +The +比較級比較級, , the +the +比較級比較級Her hair is Her hai

16、r is longer longer thanthan yours. yours.Which is betterWhich is better, the red , the red one or the blue one?one or the blue one?It gets warmer and It gets warmer and warmer.warmer.The harder you work, The harder you work, the greater progress the greater progress youll make.youll make.最高級最高級The +

17、The +最高級最高級+ + of/ inof/ in否定詞否定詞+ +比較級比較級He is the He is the tallest tallest ofof the three.the three.Nobody is Nobody is taller than taller than him.him.注：注：ill , sickill , sick作作 “生病的生病的” 講時講時, , 二者均可二者均可, , 但但illill不可不可作定語作定語; ill; ill作作 “壞名聲的壞名聲的; ;糟糕的糟糕的” 講時講時, , 可作定語可作定語, , 如如ill effect(ill effect(惡果惡果), ill ), ill name(name(壞名聲壞名聲). Sick ). Sick 還可表示還可表示 “惡心惡心的的”older, elderolder, elderolderolder可指人或物可指人或物 “年長的年長的; ; 較舊的較舊的”, , 可以與比較級連用可以與比較級連用; elder; elder