高一外研版book3Module1-Grammar(主謂一致)

1、Grammar 11. Paris is visited by more than million tourists every year.2. The Sagrada Familia was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.3. Florences most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci.4. The Parthenon was built during this period.5

2、. The World Wide Web was invented in1991 by anEnglish scientists, Tim Berners-Lee. 6. Beethoven met Haydn in 1791, but was not impressed by the older man. 7. This was shown at a local cinema and made $ 100. 8. Athens is known as the birthplace of western civilisation.to test your sense of observatio

3、nto test your ability of short-term memory Guess1. Paris _ by more than million tourists every year.2. The Sagrada Familia _by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.3. Florences most beautiful paintings and sculptures _ by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci.4. The Parthenon _ during this period.is

4、visitedwas designedwere producedwas builtgo Ready?5. The World Wide Web _ in 1991 by an English scientists, Tim Berners-Lee. 6. Beethoven met Haydn in 1791, but _ by the older man. 7. This _ at a local cinema and made $ 100. 8. Athens _as the birthplace of western civilisation.was inventedwas not im

5、pressedwas shownis known What are the differences between the two sentences? Which is emphasized in each sentence？More than eight million tourists visit Paris every year.Paris is visited by more than eight million tourists every years. A . Athens is known as the birthplace of western civilisation.B

6、The Parthenon was built during this period.C The bookC The book is writtenis written for teachers.for teachers. Why is the word by not in the Sentences 形式形式時態(tài)時態(tài)助動詞助動詞be的變化形式的變化形式+ 實意動詞的過去分詞實意動詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在一般時態(tài)現(xiàn)在一般時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)一般將來時態(tài)一般將來時態(tài)一般過去將來時態(tài)一般過去將來時態(tài)現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)過去進行時態(tài)過去進行時態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)過去完成時態(tài)過去完成時態(tài)將來

7、完成時態(tài)將來完成時態(tài)過去將來完成時態(tài)過去將來完成時態(tài) am (is , are ) was ( were) shall ( will) be should (would) be am(is, are) being was (were ) being has (have) been had been shall (will) have been should (would) have been+doneFlorence is visited by about a million tourists each year.London was visited by ten million people

8、 last year.The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonado da Vinci.The Mona Lisa wasnt painted by Picasso.The great Wall of China was built by thousands of workers.Check your answers:2No, it isnt . Its located in Paris.No, it isnt . It is situated on the River Seine.No, it isnt . Its visited by one million to

9、urists every year.No, it isnt. Athens is known as the birthplace of western civilization.No, it isnt . The Parthenon was built 2,400 years ago.Check your answers:31 She sent me a novel on my birthday.I was sent a novel on my birthday by her. A novel was sent to me on my birthday by her. 2 The story

10、made us laugh.We were made to laugh by the story3 They asked me to help them.I was asked to help them4 We saw them coming over.They were seen coming over.5 We call her RoseShe is called Rose 6 The workers are building a new bridge. A new bridge is being built(by the workers).7 I can not find my dict

11、ionary.My dictionary can not be found by me.change the sentences into passive voicechange the sentences into passive voice注意注意: 有些動詞形式上主動卻表示被動有些動詞形式上主動卻表示被動My pen writes well. 我的筆好使。The cloth washes well. 這個料子耐洗。The poem reads smoothly.這首詩讀起來很流暢。The door will not open. 這扇門打不開。The sign reads as follo

12、ws. 這牌子告示如下 主謂一致主謂一致 Subject - Verb Agreement1. I _ a teacher. You _ my student. He _ my student, too.2. Just like Tom and George, he _ interested in PC games. They _ all interested in PC games.3. More than one person _ injured in the accident yesterday.4. My family _ a large one. Now the whole fami

13、ly _ watching the Beijing Olympics.5. Not only the students but also the teacher _ not know how to work out this maths problem.6. The teacher as well as the students _not know how to work out this maths problem.7. 10,000 years _ too long a time. We must make full use of each day.8. The famous singer

14、 and dancer _ visited most of the famous places of interest in our city.9. 70% of the surface of the earth _ covered by water. 10. Two thirds of our class _ from the countryside. The rest _ city residents.amareisisarewasisaredoesdoesisisisareare主謂一致三原則主謂一致三原則 形式一致形式一致 意義一致意義一致 就近一致就近一致 一、一、 形式一致形式一致

15、： 1人稱一致：人稱一致：I am-; You are-; He is -等。等。 2單單/復數(shù)一致：復數(shù)一致：主語主語(單數(shù)）單數(shù)）+ 謂語謂語(單數(shù)單數(shù)) 主語主語(復數(shù)復數(shù))+ 謂語謂語(復數(shù)復數(shù))1）一般情況：）一般情況： Water covers about 70% of the surface of the earth.2) 特殊情況特殊情況例子例子1：Many a teenager _ online games. =Many teenagers _ online games. More than one student _ failed the exam. 要點要點1：many

16、a+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞/more than one+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞作主語作主語, 謂語要用謂語要用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式。形式。The teacher as well as the students _ (be) unable to work out the problem. Mike, like his brother, _(enjoy) chess. 要點要點2：當主語部分含有：當主語部分含有with，together with，along with，besides，except，but，like等介詞或介詞短語等介詞或介詞短語時，謂語動詞時，謂語動詞與它們前面的主語一致與它們前面的主語一致。 Al

17、l of us except Tom _ (be) fond of football.例子例子3：Each boy and each girl _ the right to receive education. (have)Every man and every woman _ at work now.(be)要點要點3：each/every+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞+and +each/every+單數(shù)單數(shù)名詞名詞+謂語動詞單數(shù)謂語動詞單數(shù)例子例子4：This pair of shoes _Toms. There _two pairs of shoes on the table. 要點要點4：當：當

18、a kind of, a pair of, a glass of 等表示確定數(shù)量的等表示確定數(shù)量的名詞短語修飾主語時，名詞短語修飾主語時，謂語與謂語與kind, pair, glass等一致等一致。例子例子5：.Each of them _ an English dictionary. Neither/Either of the answers _ correct. 要點要點5：each, either, neither, another, the other 作主語，謂作主語，謂語動詞用語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)。 二、二、 意義一致意義一致： 1. 集合名詞作主語集合名詞作主語例子：例子：Our c

19、lass _a big one. The whole class _ getting along well with each other.要點：要點：family, class, group, team, population等集體名等集體名詞作主語詞作主語, 若指若指一個整體一個整體時，謂語動詞用時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式，若形式，若指指全部成員全部成員時，謂語動詞時，謂語動詞復數(shù)復數(shù)形式。形式。 His family _ a happy one. All his family _(like) watching TV. 但：但：people, the police, cattle等集體名詞

20、作主語，等集體名詞作主語，謂語動詞只能用謂語動詞只能用復數(shù)復數(shù)形式。例如：形式。例如： 警察正在搜查那幢大樓。警察正在搜查那幢大樓。The police _ searching the building.2. 數(shù)量詞短語作主語：數(shù)量詞短語作主語：例子：例子：Two months _ a long holiday. Twenty pounds _ not so heavy. 要點：表示要點：表示時間，價格，重量，數(shù)目，長時間，價格，重量，數(shù)目，長/寬寬/高度高度等的短等的短語作主語時，這些通常作一個語作主語時，這些通常作一個整體概念整體概念，謂語用，謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)形形式。式。 1 0英里并不是一

21、段很長的距離。英里并不是一段很長的距離。 20美元對這本書來說太貴了。美元對這本書來說太貴了。3. 分數(shù)分數(shù), part, the rest等表示等表示部分意義部分意義的詞作主語的詞作主語例子：例子：Two thirds of the area _ covered with forest. Some of them are teachers. The rest _ students. Three quarters of the food _ been sold out.要點：要點：分數(shù)分數(shù), part, the rest等等作主語時，謂語動詞的形式作主語時，謂語動詞的形式根據(jù)意義來確定，即根據(jù)

22、意義來確定，即由由of后的名詞或代詞決定后的名詞或代詞決定。4. 動詞不定式，動名詞或從句作主語動詞不定式，動名詞或從句作主語 例子：眼見為實例子：眼見為實_/_. 做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。 要點：動詞不定式，動名詞或從句作主語時，表示要點：動詞不定式，動名詞或從句作主語時，表示抽象意抽象意義義，謂語動詞用，謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式形式5. “單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞+ and+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞”作主語作主語例子：例子：The writer and teacher _ coming. The writer and the teacher _ coming. 要點：

23、由要點：由and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，一般用復數(shù)連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，一般用復數(shù)形式，但形式，但and所連接的并列主語是所連接的并列主語是同一個對象同一個對象時，謂語時，謂語動詞用動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)。The head teacher and English teacher of Class 1 _ very humorous.6. 以以s 結尾的名詞作主語結尾的名詞作主語 1）No news _ good news. news, maths, physic, economics等等 + 單數(shù)單數(shù)謂語謂語 2）All means _ been tried, but with no suc

24、cess. Every means _ been tried, but with no success. The teacher, together with the students, _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America.(2009四川高考四川高考17題題) A. are ; were B. is ; were C. are ; was D. is ; was means(方法方法, 手段手段)/ works(工廠工廠)+ 單單/復數(shù)復數(shù)(由意義決定由意義決定)； clothes + 復數(shù)謂語復數(shù)謂語；

25、國名國名/人名人名/書名等書名等 + 單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)謂語7. number例子：例子： A number of famous people _ invited to the party. The number of the students in our grade _ 900. 要點：要點：a number of+復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)名詞+謂語復數(shù)謂語復數(shù); the number of +復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)名詞+謂語單數(shù)。謂語單數(shù)。8. the+形容詞作主語形容詞作主語例子：例子：As a matter of fact, the poor _often very happy, but the rich _

26、sad. （一類人）（一類人） The beautiful _(live) forever. 美是永存的。（抽象概美是永存的。（抽象概念）念）要點：要點：the+形容詞形容詞(一類人一類人) + 謂語復數(shù)；謂語復數(shù)； the+形容詞形容詞(抽象概念抽象概念) + 謂語單數(shù)。謂語單數(shù)。9. A as well as B及及A rather than B作主語作主語例子：例子：The old man as well as his sons _ studying in university. 要點：要點：A as well as B及及A rather than B作主語時，意義上作主語時，意義上強

27、強調調A，謂語動詞，謂語動詞與與A 一致一致。 It is you, rather than I, that _ always breaking the traffic rules.三、三、 就近一致就近一致：謂語動詞與后面的主語一致：謂語動詞與后面的主語一致1部分并列連詞部分并列連詞Not only the teacher but also his students _ (like) playing football. You or Jack _ wrong. Either you or I _ crazy.Neither the students nor the teacher _(thi

28、nk) it is an easy problem.Not the driver but the two injured young men _ (be) responsible(負責負責) for the accident. 但：但：Both his father and his mother _ both teachers. 2以以here，there開關的句子開關的句子例子：例子：There _ a pen and some books on the desk. 要點：要點：以以here，there開關的句子若主語在兩個或兩個以上，開關的句子若主語在兩個或兩個以上，謂語動詞通常與臨近的主

29、語一致。謂語動詞通常與臨近的主語一致。 Here are some books and paper for you. Read the examples and answer the questions.3Neither Amy nor Helen is English.Neither of them is English.None of them has arrived yet.Each country in the United Kingdom has a capital city.e. Each of them has capital city.Do the first and seco

30、nd sentences mean the same thing?Do we know how many people the third sentence refers to?The fourth and fifth sentences refer to countries. Do we know how many countries they refer to?Yes, they do.Only that it is more than two No we dont , except that there must be two or more.Rewrite the sentences

31、using neither, none or each.4 Neither Amy nor Helen speaks Chinese. Each country in Europe has a good soccer team. Neither France nor Germany is going to sign the agreement.4) None of the whole class wants to study Japanese.Check your answers:主謂一致練習主謂一致練習1.Every teacher and every student _ found a S

32、tudents Union. A. has B. have C. expects to D. hope to2.Nobody but them_ to know about the matter. A. want B. wants C. have wanted D. were wanted3.Nothing but trousers _ in that small shop. A. was worth of 20 dollars B. were worth 20 dollars C. was cost 20 dollars D. was paid 20 dollars CBD4.The dic

33、tionary as well as the books that _ pictures in them _ to her. A. has; belongs B. have; are belonged C. has; belong D. have; belongs5.Twenty percent of the work of the whole year _finished by their group last month. A. has been B. had been C. were D. was6.A knife and fork _ on the table. A. is B. are C. has been D. have being7.Neither his parents nor his wife _anything about it. A. know B. know