高考英語二輪專題語法學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)講義虛擬語氣語法講義18賓語從句用虛擬語氣的10種類型知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、高中英語語法學(xué)習(xí)/復(fù)習(xí)講義虛擬語氣語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義18【精講版全國(guó)通用】賓語從句用虛擬語氣的10種類型知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)一、I wish后的賓語從句動(dòng)詞wish后接賓語從句時(shí)，從句謂語要用虛擬語氣。若要表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，從句謂語用一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；若表示與過去相反的愿望，從句謂語用過去完成時(shí)或would / could+have +過去分詞；若表示將來沒有把握或不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，用would (could)動(dòng)詞原形。如：I wish I could be of some use.我希望我能有什么用處。We wish he didnt smoke.我們希望他不吸煙。I wish price

2、s would come down.我希望物價(jià)能降下來。I wish the train would come.我希望火車會(huì)來。二、表示“堅(jiān)持”后的賓語從句主要是指insist的賓語從句，從句謂語由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國(guó)英語中通常可以省略。如：I insisted that he (should) stay.我堅(jiān)持要他留下。He insisted that I (should) go with them.他堅(jiān)持要我同他們一起去。Rose insisted that he be present.羅斯堅(jiān)持要他出席。The detective insisted th

3、at he should have a look.警探堅(jiān)持要查看。注意：動(dòng)詞insist后接賓語從句時(shí)，除可用虛擬語氣外，也可用陳述語氣，兩者的區(qū)別是：若謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，或尚未成為事實(shí)，則用虛擬語氣；若謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)，則要用陳述語氣。比較：He insisted that I had read his letter.他堅(jiān)持說我看過他的信。He insisted that I should read his letter.他堅(jiān)持要我看他的信。三、表示“命令”后的賓語從句主要是指order, command的賓語從句，從句謂語由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”

4、構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國(guó)英語中通?？梢允÷浴Ｈ纾篐e ordered that it (should) be sent back.他命令把它送回去。Thejudge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded.法官命令被告還押。The King ordered that the man be released.國(guó)王命令釋放那人。He commanded that we (should) attack at once.他命令我們立即發(fā)起進(jìn)攻。四、表示“建議”后的賓語從句主要是指advise, suggest, propose, recommen

5、d等的賓語從句，從句謂語由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國(guó)英語中通?？梢允÷浴Ｈ纾篐e suggested that we should leave early.他建議我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身。The doctor advised that he change his job.醫(yī)生勸他換工作。They recommend that this tax be abolished.他們建議取消這種稅。I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now.我建議我們現(xiàn)在就吃午飯。The committee proposed (that) Mr. D

6、ay be elected.委員會(huì)建議推選戴先生。The doctor advised suggested that he (should) not smoke.醫(yī)生建議他不要抽煙。I propose that the matter be put to the vote at once.我提議對(duì)此問題立刻進(jìn)行表決。He proposed that Mr. OLeary be the chairman.他提議奧列利先生擔(dān)任主席。She suggested that I (should) be responsible for the arrangements.她建議我來負(fù)責(zé)進(jìn)行安排。注意：與動(dòng)詞i

7、nsist相似，動(dòng)詞suggest后接賓語從句時(shí)，除可用虛擬語氣外，也可用陳述語氣，兩者的區(qū)別也是：若謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的情況尚未成為事實(shí)，則用虛擬語氣，此時(shí)suggest通常譯為“建議”；若謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的情況為既成事實(shí)，則要用陳述語氣，此時(shí)的suggest通常譯為“表明”、“認(rèn)為”。比較并體會(huì)：He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner.他建議我們留下吃飯。What he said suggested that he was a cheat.他說的話表明他是個(gè)騙子。I suggested that you had a secret underst

8、anding with him.我覺得你與他心照不宣。五、表示“要求”后的賓語從句主要是指ask, demand, require, request等后的賓語從句，從句謂語由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國(guó)英語中通常可以省略。如：I ask that he leave.我要求他走開。He requires that I (should) appear.他要求我出場(chǎng)。They require that I go at once.他們要求我立刻走。I demand that John (should) go there at once.我要求約翰立即到那里去。I reque

9、sted that he should use his in fluence on my behalf.我請(qǐng)求他為我施用他的影響。The asked that the message be given to Madame immediately.他要求把信息立即帶給夫人。They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult man.他們要求給予每個(gè)成年男子以選舉權(quán)。六、表示“提議”“投票”后的賓語從句主要是指move, vote等后的賓語從句，從句謂語由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國(guó)英語中通常可以省略

10、。如：I move that we accept the proposal.我提議通過這項(xiàng)提案。Mr. Chairman, I beg to move that the meeting be adjourned.主席先生，我提議休會(huì)。Congress has voted that the present law be maintained.國(guó)會(huì)投票決定維持現(xiàn)在這條法律。Claudel moved that Norwood should be made a member of the committee.克洛戴爾提出動(dòng)議，讓諾伍德當(dāng)一名委員。七、表示“敦促”后的賓語從句主要是指動(dòng)詞urge后的賓

11、語從句，從句謂語由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國(guó)英語中通?？梢允÷浴Ｈ纾篐e urges that the restrictions be lifted.他敦促取消這些限制。He urged that they go to Europe.他敦促他們到歐洲去。He urged that the rates should be reduced.他敦請(qǐng)減輕捐稅。He urged that the matter should go to arbitration.他極力主張這件事要提交仲裁。They urged that relief work should be given

12、priority.他們敦促將救濟(jì)工作放在優(yōu)先位置。八、表示“安排”后的賓語從句主要是指動(dòng)詞arrange后的賓語從句，從句謂語由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國(guó)英語中通常可以省略。如：He arranged that I should go abroad.他安排我去國(guó)外。I arranged that Tom should meet them.我安排好叫湯姆去接他們。They arranged that the minister should be met at the airport.他們安排在機(jī)場(chǎng)迎接這位部長(zhǎng)。It was arranged that they sh

13、ould leave the following spring.已安排好他們第二年春天離開。Theyve arranged that I should absent myself for part of the meeting.他們安排好讓我一部分時(shí)間不在開會(huì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。九、表示“希望”“打算”后的賓語從句主要是指動(dòng)詞desire, intend后的賓語從句，從句謂語由“should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，其中的should在美國(guó)英語中通常可以省略。如：She desires that he do it.她希望他做此事。They intended that the news (should) be suppressed.他們打算封鎖這條消息。I