定語從句語法專題策略[通用]

1、表解語法五年真題定語從句 表解語法考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定who人主語、賓語(限制性定語從句可省略)The boy who is standing there is my cousin.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定whom人賓語(限制性定語從句可省略)The man(whom)you met yesterday is Mr Smith.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定whose(of whomof which)人或物定語Do you know the boy whose fathe

2、r(the father of whom) is an engineer？He lives in a house whose windows (the windows of which) face south.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定which物主語、賓語(限制性定語從句可省略)Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures.The pen(which)my uncle gave me is missing.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定that 人

3、或物主語、賓語(限制性定語從句可省略，不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)A plane is a machine that can fly.I dont know the man(that)you mentioned.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定as人或物(在非限制性定語從句中也可指代整個句子)主語、賓語、表語考點理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定when(適當(dāng)介詞which)時間時間狀語Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party.where(適當(dāng)介詞whi

4、ch)地點地點狀語The factory where my father works is in the east of the city.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定why(for which)原因原因狀語None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定表示時間、地點、原因的先行詞作定語從句謂語動詞的主語、賓語時，應(yīng)用that 或which ，作賓語時that/which 也可省略。當(dāng)先行詞是case，condition

5、，situation，position，point，stage 等名詞，表示情況、方面、處境時用關(guān)系副詞where考點理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定當(dāng)先行詞way 意為“方式，方法”時，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有in which，that 或不用任何關(guān)系詞這三種形式；way 不作“方式，方法”解時，其定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞用that 或which ，引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作賓語時可以省略。考點理解例句關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的判定考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句特別提醒1.如何選擇關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞方法一：用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中

6、的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞?？键c關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句特別提醒方法二：準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主語、賓語、狀語)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。2.定語從句中的謂語動詞與先行詞保持一致。one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞關(guān)系代詞復(fù)數(shù)動詞 the only one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞關(guān)系代詞單數(shù)動詞考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句幾組關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別用that 不用which先行詞是all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none時Anything that

7、can burn is a source of heat energy.Please get ready for everything(that)we need.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句幾組關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別用that 不用which先行詞被only，any，few，no，very，little 等修飾時This is the very book that Im looking for.The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句幾組關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別用that 不用whic

8、h先行詞是形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞修飾時This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.先行詞為人、物并用時He talked about things and persons(that)they remembered in the school.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句幾組關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別用that 不用which當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時Which is the bike that you lost？當(dāng)先行詞在主句中作表語，而關(guān)系代詞也在從句中作表語時Shanghai is no longer the

9、 city that it used to be.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句幾組關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別the same. as與the same. thatthe same. as.表示相似的東西the same. that. 表示同一人或物This is the same knife as I lost.這把小刀和我丟的那把一樣。This is the same knife that I lost.這把小刀就是我丟的那一把?？键c關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句幾組關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別such/so. as與such/so.thatsuch/so. as(定語從句)像那樣such/so

10、.that(狀語從句)如此以至于This is such an easy question as I can answer.This is such an easy question that I can answer it.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分幾組關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別as與whichas引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有時還可插入主句中。which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句通常放在主句之后。2. as意為“正如”，后面的謂語動詞多是see, know, expect, say, mention, report 等；which 意為“這一點”?？键c關(guān)系詞理解例句

11、幾組關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別as與whichAvatar is a very successful film，as is known to all.As we all know，Taiwan belongs to China.The sports meeting was put off，which astonished us.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句介詞關(guān)系代詞名(代)詞介詞關(guān)系代詞(一般作主語)I picked up the apples，some of which were bad.數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級of關(guān)系代詞(一般作主語)He has ten cousins，three of

12、whom are clever.He has ten cousins，the youngest of whom is clever.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句介詞關(guān)系代詞介詞關(guān)系代詞(一般作狀語)This is the girl from whom I learned the news.介詞短語關(guān)系代詞(一般作狀語)Jack was a famous doctor，with the help of whom they succeeded in an operation.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句介詞關(guān)系代詞介詞which名詞(一般在句中作狀語)She suffe

13、red from illness，in which case her husband had to stay home.介詞whose名詞(一般作狀語)He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen. 考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句介詞關(guān)系代詞from where為“介詞關(guān)系副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，但也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句。介詞關(guān)系代詞中的介詞可根據(jù)先行詞或定語從句中的動詞短語進行判斷。He hid himself behind the door, from where he saw the man take a photo of s

14、omething on the desk. (from where 指from behind the door)他躲在門后面，從那里他看見那個人拍攝了桌子上的什么東西。考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句特殊定語從句分裂式定語從句(先行詞與關(guān)系代(副)詞分隔)I was the only person in my office who was invited to the important ball.考點關(guān)系詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分理解例句特殊定語從句插入式定語從句(關(guān)系代詞與從句中插入一個句子)He made another great discovery, which I thi

15、nk is very important to science.省略式定語從句(介詞關(guān)系代詞不定式)I intend to make friends with a Frenchman from whom to improve my French.五年真題1(2010全國)I refuse to accept the blame for something_was someone elses fault.A. who B. thatC. as D. what解析：something 后跟的是定語從句，而且定語從句缺少主語，先行詞為不定代詞，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用that。答案：B2(2010新課標(biāo)全國)As

16、 a child，Jack studied in a village school，_is named after his grandfather.A. which B. whereC. what D. that解析：which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。答案：A3(2010浙江)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of_left their village homes for a better life in the city.A. whom B. whichC. them D. those解析：whom 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句修

17、飾先行詞people。答案：A4(2010湖南)Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school_I met in the English speech contest last year.A. who B. whereC. when D. which解析：who 引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞the students。答案：A5(2010江西)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister_she would

18、stay for an hour.A. where B. whoC. which D. what解析：考查定語從句。句中where引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，在從句中作狀語，修飾前面的training centre，相當(dāng)于in which。答案：A6(2010四川)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling，_turned out to be a wise decision.A. that B. whichC. when D. where解析：which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代“I took some ti

19、me off to go travelling”。答案：B7(2010江蘇)The newlybuilt cafe, the walls of_are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A. that B. itC. what D. which解析：“介詞關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系代詞指物只能用which。the walls of which 也可用whose walls或of which the walls 代替。答案：D8(2010山東)Thats the new

20、machine_parts are too small to be seen.A. that B. whichC. whose D. what解析：句意：這是一部它的部件小的看不見的新機器。parts與machine之間是所屬關(guān)系，因此用whose引導(dǎo)定語從句。答案：C9(2010北京)Children who are not active or_diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. what B. whoseC. which D. that解析：句意：那些不太活躍或日常飲食富含脂肪的孩子會迅速胖起來。whose在定語從句中作diet

21、的定語。答案：B10(2010陜西)The old temple_roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.A. where B. whichC. its D. whose解析：考查限制性定語從句?？崭裉幵诰渲幸龑?dǎo)定語從句，并且在從句中作roof的定語，用whose。答案：D11(2010重慶)In China, the number of cities is increasing_development is recognized across the world.A. where B. whichC. whose D. that解析：w

22、hose引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中修飾development，作定語。where引導(dǎo)定語從句時，在從句中作狀語；which和that在定語從句中作主語或賓語。答案：C12(2010天津)Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers_I go. Its only 15.A. as B. whichC. where D. that解析：句中the barbers 指理發(fā)店，在定語從句中作狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where。答案：C13(2010福建)Stephen Hawking believ

23、es that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet_life has developed gradually.A. that B. whereC. which D. whose解析：根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知空缺處引導(dǎo)一定語從句，而且先行詞為planet，在從句中作狀語，故答案為B。答案：B14(2009全國)My friend showed me round the town，_ was very kind of him. A. which B. thatC. where D. it解析：句意：我朋友真不錯，他帶我參觀了這座城鎮(zhèn)。根據(jù)題意，本題考

24、查定語從句，先排除D項。又因為定語從句中缺主語，故排除關(guān)系副詞where。B項that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，因此答案為A，先行詞為前邊整句話內(nèi)容。答案：A15(2009山東)Whenever I met her，_ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. who B. whichC. when D. that解析：句意：不管我何時遇見她，她都會一如既往地微笑著向我打招呼。此題考查定語從句。which可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的意思。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，所以排除D項；定語從句中缺主語，因此排除關(guān)系

25、副詞when；A項不符合題意，故排除。答案：B16(2009遼寧)They ve won their last three matches，_I find a bit surprising actually. A. that B. whenC. what D. which解析：考查定語從句。句意：他們已經(jīng)贏得了最后三場比賽，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這確實有點令人驚訝。先行詞是前面整個句子，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在定語從句中作find的賓語。答案：D17(2008浙江)Yesterday she sold her car, _she bought a month ago.A. whom B. wher

26、eC. that D. which解析：句意：昨天她把車賣了，這車是一個月前買的。此題考查定語從句，定語從句中缺賓語，指物，故排除A項和B項。從句中逗號可看出是非限制性定語從句，所以只能用which，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。答案：D18(2009安徽)Many children，_parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.A. their BwhoseC. of them D. with whom解析：句意：很多父母遠在大城市里工作的孩子在這個村子得到了很好的照顧。此題考查

27、定語從句。A項和C項不能引導(dǎo)從句，故首先排除。如果選D，句意前后就矛盾了。因此選B，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞many children，whose在從句中充當(dāng)定語。答案：B19(2009天津)A person_email account is full wont be able to send or receive any emails.A. who B. whomC. whose D. whoever解析：句意：一個人的電子郵件賬戶滿了，就不能收發(fā)任何郵件了。此題考查定語從句，先行詞為a person，定語從句補全為：The persons email account is full

28、。由此可見，定語從句中缺少定語成分，故選擇C。who作主語；whom作賓語；whoever連接代詞，“無論誰”，用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或狀語從句，不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。答案：C20(2009湖南)I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city_name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A. which B. of whichC. that D. whose解析：句意：我出生在路易斯安那州的新奧爾良，這座城市的名字讓我們聯(lián)想到一幅有著漂亮的樹和綠草的畫。本題

29、考查定語從句，先行詞是a city，代入定語從句后為：The citys name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.由此可知，先行詞在定語從句中作定語，故選D。答案：D21(2009寧夏、海南，全國)She brought with her three friends, none of_I had ever met before.A. them B. whoC. whom D. these解析：句意：她帶了3個朋友過來，沒有一個是我曾經(jīng)見過的。根據(jù)句中的標(biāo)點符號可知，本句后一部分是一個非限

30、制性定語從句，故排除不能引導(dǎo)定語從句的A項和D項。又因為關(guān)系代詞在從句中代指人，作介詞of的賓語，故選C。先行詞是her three friends，代入定語從句后為：I had ever met none of her three friends before。答案：C22(2008福建)By nine o clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma，_appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. of which B. on whichC. from which

31、D. above which解析：句意：到九點，所有的奧運火炬手都到了珠穆朗瑪峰頂，很快上空就出現(xiàn)了罕見的彩虹。此題考查定語從句，根據(jù)語境，彩虹出現(xiàn)在珠穆朗瑪峰的上空，而不是珠穆朗瑪峰的頂部，所以是above which而不是on which。答案：D23(2009福建)Its helpful to put children in a situation_they can see themselves differently.A. that B. whenC. which D. where解析：句意：把孩子放在一個能使他們從另外一個角度認(rèn)識自己的環(huán)境中對他們有益。本題考查定語從句。先行詞是situation，代入定語從句后為：Th