英語專題復(fù)習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will的用法歸納

1、 PAGE6 / NUMPAGES6 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will與would的用法一、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will的用法歸納 1. will“慣于，老是，總是”表示主語的習(xí)慣性，傾向性，經(jīng)常性，必然性，不可避免性。(will 用于一般的習(xí)慣，would 用于描述過去的習(xí)慣或例行的活動(dòng))如：People will talk.人總會(huì)說閑話。Boys will be boys.男孩終究是男孩。（傾向性）Water will boil at 100. 水在100時(shí)沸騰。Jealousy will spoil friendship.嫉妒會(huì)破壞友誼。Accidents will happen.(不可避免性)Ive lost

2、my keys_that would happen!我把鑰匙丟了-這種情況老是發(fā)生！Sometimes he will wander in the hills all afternoon有時(shí)他會(huì)整個(gè)下午在山里漫游（現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣）Every morning he will have a walk along this river.If today is Monday, tomorrow will be Tuesday.（必然性）The young man will sit there for hours doing nothing. 那個(gè)年輕人常幾個(gè)小時(shí)坐在那兒無所事事。（現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣） The you

3、ng man would sit there for hours doing nothing. 那個(gè)年輕人常幾個(gè)小時(shí)坐在那兒無所事事。（過去習(xí)慣）He will often read deep into the night.他會(huì)讀書到深夜。（現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣）He would often read deep into the night.他會(huì)讀書到深夜。（過去習(xí)慣）She _ listen to records, alone in her room for hours. We just wont interrupt her, for we know this is her usual way to s

4、tay in peace. A. might B. must C. will D. should 【解析】 答案為C。will作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一個(gè)很重要的用法，就是表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，此句翻譯成：她常常獨(dú)自一人在房間里聽唱片，一聽就好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。注意：will在這里不是表示“將來”。 Only in summer _. A. will the ice melt B. the ice will melt C. the ice can melt D. the ice melts 【解析】 答案為A。當(dāng)表示某些根據(jù)自然規(guī)律必定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情時(shí)，常常使用這種表達(dá)，如If the pure water is he

5、ated to 100, it will boil. 如果純凈的水加熱至100，它就會(huì)沸騰。will的這種用法經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在科技英語中。上題由于將“only in summer”置于句首，所以要使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。2. will“愿、要，會(huì)”表示意志、意愿，決心，諾言等。例如：I have made up my mind to go and I will. （意志）We will fight on until final victory is won.I will do my best to help you.（意愿）I wont do it any more ,I promise.(諾言)She w

6、ill not shove（ v1. 推;撞 2. 亂塞,亂放 3. 強(qiáng)使）the heavy load on to others.will 表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，would表示過去的意愿。如： I will pay you at the rate you ask. 我愿意照你要求的價(jià)錢付款。Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。He wouldnt help me yesterday. 他昨天不愿幫助我。She asked if I would go with them. 她問我是否愿同他們一起去。would也可表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，語氣較委婉。如：Id go there with

7、you. 我愿同你去那兒。I wouldnt go. 我不會(huì)去。-These books are too heavy for me to carry. -_.(06某卷) A. You may ask for help. B. I will give you a handC. I will do you a favorDId e to help 【解析】答案為B。will表示意愿，有“愿、要”之意。give sb. a hand 意思是“幫某人的忙”?！癐 will give you a hand.”翻譯為：我愿意幫忙。 -Dont forget to e to my birthday par

8、ty tomorrow. - _.（94全國卷） A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent 【解析】 答案B。will表示決心，此回答是省略句，補(bǔ)充完整是“I wont forget to go to your birthday party tomorrow.”。“I wont.”翻譯為：我決不會(huì)忘記的。 3. 表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢問對(duì)方的意思，有“你.好嗎、你愿.”。(這時(shí)will與 would 通用，而would更委婉，也可以用wont)Will you join in our discussion?Would you please tel

9、l me your telephone number?Wont you sit down?Close the window, would you?請(qǐng)關(guān)上窗，好嗎？We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,_ ?(06全國卷2) A. do you B. can you C. will you D. shall we 【解析】 答案為C。題中but后面的句子 “please let us enter, will you?”是以let us開頭的祈使句，它加上will you構(gòu)成反意疑問句，這里will you表示提出請(qǐng)求。wi

10、ll在疑問句中用于第二人稱時(shí)，表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢問，有“你好嗎”之意。此句翻譯為：我們忘了帶票，請(qǐng)你讓我們進(jìn)去，好嗎？4. will表示說話人的猜測(cè)，意為“大概”。如： That will be the book you want. 那大概是你所要的書。 Ask him. He will know. 問他吧，他大概知道。will用于談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在; would可用于談?wù)撨^去，也可用于談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在(語氣較委婉)。如：This car will hold six people. 這輛小汽車可以坐六個(gè)人。Ask him. He will know. 問問他吧，他大概知道。You wouldnt kn

11、ow. 你不會(huì)知道。Every family would have some sort of trouble. 家家都會(huì)有本難念的經(jīng)。The person you mentioned would be her father, is that right? 你提的那個(gè)人想必是她的父親，對(duì)嗎?【注】有時(shí)可后接完成式，表示對(duì)過去可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)。如：You will have heard of it. 你已經(jīng)聽到那事了吧I thought you would have finished it by now. 我想你現(xiàn)在可能已經(jīng)做完了吧。That, I think, _ be all tha

12、t I want to say. A. can B. could C. will D. ought to 【解析】 答案為C。will 也可以表示推測(cè)，通?？勺g為“想必”、“也許”、“大概”、“可能”，其確信程度僅次于must。該句翻譯為：我想大概那就是我想要說的一切。5.表命令或指示 No one will leave the examination room before 12 oclock.任何人在12點(diǎn)之前都不許離開考場(chǎng)。 All boys will attend roll-call at 9 oclock. 所有的男孩必須在9點(diǎn)鐘參加點(diǎn)名。(Wed better have a rol

13、l call now.我們最好現(xiàn)在點(diǎn)名。)will 還可表示許諾、指示、叮囑等，而would還可用于評(píng)論某一特定的行為等。如：You will have your share. 你會(huì)得到你那一份的。You will do as I told you. 你得照我說的去做。Thats just what he would say. 他就是愛那樣講話。You would never do anything to hurt me. 你絕不會(huì)做傷害我的事的6. 表執(zhí)意 He will b his hair at the table, even though he knows I dont like it

14、.他偏偏要在飯桌那兒梳頭，還明明知道我膩味這事兒。 Jack will do these things!杰克總是愛干這樣的事！疑難解析1. will not 或wont 表示不愿意或拒絕 ，我們知道，對(duì)于有生命體來說，will可表示意愿：She wont open the door. 她拒不開門。 但是，對(duì)于無生命體，有時(shí)也使用will表示意愿。語言學(xué)家們說will用于無生命體，如同refuse一樣，是通過擬人化的手段來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。例如： The car wont start.（= The car refuses to start.）汽車發(fā)動(dòng)不起來。 請(qǐng)看下面一道高考題： 2. 在if 從句中有時(shí)

15、為了表示意愿也可用will ，有“愿意”的意思。例如：If you will read this article ,you will realize you are wrong.If you will help me, we can finish early.如果你愿意幫我，我們可以早點(diǎn)兒干完。 If he will pay, Ill go with him.如果他愿意付錢，我就和他一起去。 上述兩個(gè)從句雖然可以使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但是使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)就會(huì)把意愿的意味取消掉。 3. 句型：祈使句 + and / or sb. will do sth. 在這種句型里，祈使句表達(dá)條件，and / or分

16、句表達(dá)結(jié)果。這種句型實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于“If條件從句加上一個(gè)主句”。請(qǐng)看以下例句： Help others whenever you can and you will make the world a nicer place to live in. 隨時(shí)幫助別人，你就會(huì)使 HYPERLINK t _blank 世界變得更加美好。Start out right away, or youll miss the first train. 立刻出發(fā)，否則你會(huì)錯(cuò)過第一班火車。 Lose one hour in the morning and you will be looking for it the res

17、t of the day. 早晨損失一小時(shí)，你就要用一天的時(shí)間來彌補(bǔ)。（一日之計(jì)在于晨） Follow your doctors advice, or your cough will get worse. 請(qǐng)遵醫(yī)囑，否則你的咳嗽會(huì)加重的。 Stand over there and youll be able to see it better. 站在那里，你會(huì)看得更清楚一些。 Go straight on and youll see a church. You wont miss it.一直往前走，你就會(huì)看到一座教堂。你不會(huì)錯(cuò)過它的。 【典型考題】 -How can I apply for an

18、 online course? -Just fill out this form and you_what we can do for you. (07) A. see B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see (D)二情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would的用法歸納Would表示對(duì)過去時(shí)間的意志、意愿、決心，有“愿、要、偏要”的意思。1) I promised that I would do my best.2) I told him not to go ,but he would not listen to me.2. 用于提出提議或邀請(qǐng) 提出客氣的要求或請(qǐng)求,使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)W

19、ould you like to change a seat? Its warmer here.您要不要換一下座位？這里暖和些。Would you prefer a hardback edition?您要不要買一本精裝本？I would like you to fetch that document for me now.我想請(qǐng)你現(xiàn)在就幫我把那份文件取來。I would like to know more about your plan.我想更多地了解一下你的計(jì)劃。Would you please lend me your pen? 借用一下你的鋼筆好嗎？ What would you lik

20、e to drink? 你想喝點(diǎn)什么？would you mind + doing句型通常用于表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做一件有一定麻煩的事情，語氣一般都非常客氣。注意回答時(shí)通常是肯定的，以表示愿意做所要求的事情。Would you mind filling in this form?請(qǐng)您填一下這X表。Would you mind repeating what you just said?請(qǐng)把剛才的話重復(fù)一遍好嗎？用于委婉地表示自己的意見：I would think the journey will take something like two weeks.依我看，這次旅程大約需要兩個(gè)星期。I would

21、 look at the problem a little differently.我對(duì)這個(gè)問題的看法略有不同。3.用于表示過去經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的行為或動(dòng)作,著重動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，有“總是、總會(huì)”等意思：The retired captain would sit hours on end watching ships sailing past.退休的船長經(jīng)常坐在海邊觀望過往的行船，一坐就是幾個(gè)小時(shí)。He would go to bed strictly at 9, and on Sundays would not have lunch anywhere except in that restauran

22、t.他總是嚴(yán)格地9點(diǎn)上床睡覺。星期日總在那家飯店吃午飯。Sometimes he would e to see us. 他有時(shí)來看看我們。 Every evening he would e to say goodnight. 每天晚上他都來道晚安。4. would表示說話人的猜測(cè)，其把握性比will小。如： It would be about ten oclock when he left home. 他離開家時(shí)大概是10點(diǎn)左右。 That would be in 1976, I think. 我想那可能是在1976年?！皐ould+完成式”表示對(duì)過去情況的猜測(cè)。如： The tour gro

23、up would have reached New York. 旅游團(tuán)可能已經(jīng)到紐約了。 I thought you knew. I thought Maxim would have told you. 我以為你知道了。我以為馬克西姆會(huì)告訴你的。5.would與虛擬條件句表示虛擬、假設(shè)、條件等，有“要、將要、會(huì)、就會(huì)”等意思。如：1) If you had e earlier ,you would have seen him.2) It would be better to adopt the new method.有時(shí)用would，可視為是省略了或包含有相關(guān)條件的虛擬語氣。如：I might

24、 see her personally. It would be better. 我可能親自去看她，那樣更好些。(=It would be better if I saw her personally.)Shed be stupid not to accept. 她不接受那才笨呢。(=She would be stupid if the didnt accept.)疑難解析：will與would的用法1.表示征求意見或提出請(qǐng)求主要用于第二人稱的疑問句中，will和would均可用，would此時(shí)并不表過去，而表示委婉語氣。如：Wont you take off your coat? 你要不要把

25、大衣脫掉? Will would you please post the letter for me? 請(qǐng)幫我寄了這封信好嗎?Would Sunday night suit you? 星期天晚上適合你嗎? (【注】(1)有時(shí)為使語氣委婉，可用否定式。總的說來，用would比用will委婉，用wont和wouldnt比單獨(dú)用will和would要委婉。(2) would有時(shí)用于提出想法，通常與like, love, hate, prefer, be glad, be happy等連用，若用于第一人稱有時(shí)也可將would換成should。如：Id like love to have a look at it. 我想看看它。I would prefer not to go out today. 我今天不想出去。2表示習(xí)慣和傾向性will表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，would表示過去的習(xí)慣。如：Oil will float on water. 油總是浮在水上。This window wont open. 這扇窗戶經(jīng)常打不開。Hell talk for hours, if you let him. 你要讓他講，他會(huì)講幾個(gè)小時(shí)。The wound would not heal. (過去)傷口