PPT演講組織及準備技巧

1、文檔可自由編輯打印PAGE4 / NUMPAGES4文檔可自由編輯打印文檔可自由編輯打印PPT演講組織及準備技巧1. 從結果開始Before you evenopen up PowerPoint, sit down and really think about the day of your presentation. What is the real purpose of your talk? Why is it that you wereask to speak? What does the audience expect? In your opinion, what are the mo

2、stimportant parts of your topic for the audience to take away from your, say,50-minute presentation? Remember, even if youve been asked to shareinformation, rarely is the mere transfer of information a satisfactoryobjective from the point of view of the audience. After all, the audience couldalways

3、just read your book (or article, handout, etc.) if information transferwere the only purpose of the meeting, seminar, or formal presentation.在您打開PowerPoint前，請坐下來認真想一想您演講那天的情形。您演講的真正目的是什么呢？為什么要求您發(fā)言？聽眾的期望又是什么呢？您認為，聽眾從您50分鐘（比如說）的演講中獲得最重要的信息是什么？請記住，即使要求的是簡單分享下信息，但在聽眾看來，純粹地傳遞信息并非令人滿意。畢竟，如果會議、研討會或正式演講僅是為了

4、信息傳遞的話，聽眾完全可以看一看您的書（文章、講義等）就行了，（還要聽您講干嘛？）2. Know your audience as well as possible2.盡量了解您的聽眾Before you begin to formulate the content of your presentation, you need to ask yourself manybasic questions with an eye to becoming the best possible presenter for that particular audience. At the very least

5、, you need to answer the basic W questions.想成為優(yōu)秀的演講人，您需要在制作演示稿之前問自己一些基本問題。至少您需要回答下面幾個基本的“W問題”。 Who is the audience?What are their backgrounds? How much background information about your topic can you assumethey bring to the presentation?聽眾是誰？他們來自什么行業(yè)？您認為他們對您話題的背景知識了解多少？What is the purpose of the eve

6、nt? Is it toinspire? Are they looking for concrete practical information? Do they want more concepts and theory rather than advice?演講的目的是什么的？是否為了啟發(fā)聽眾？他們是否需要詳細而實用的信息？他們是否希望獲得更多的概念和理論？而不是為了獲得建議？Why were you asked to speak? What are their expectations of you?為什么要求您發(fā)言？他們對您的期望是什么？Where is it? Find out ev

7、erything you canabout the location and logistics of the venue.場地在哪里？盡您所能找到場地的位置和會務人員。When is it? Do you have enough time toprepare? What time of the day? If there are other presenters, what is the order(always volunteer to go first or last, by the way). What day of the week? All of this matters.什么時候

8、開始？您有足夠的時間準備嗎？演講幾點開始？如果有其他演講者，順序是如何安排的？（順便提一下，您應主動爭當第一個或最后一個演講者）那天是星期幾？等等。3. Content,content, content3.內容為王No matter howgreat your delivery, or how professional and beautiful your supporting visuals,if your presentation is not based on solid content, you can not succeed. Dontget me wrong, I am not s

9、aying that great content alone will carry the day. Italmost never does. Great content is a necessary condition, but not a sufficientone. But your presentation preparation starts with solid content (appropriate for your audience) which you then build into a winning story that youll use toconnect with

10、 your audience.無論您的演講技巧多棒，幻燈片做得多專業(yè)，多漂亮，如果您的演講稿缺乏實實在在的內容，那您照樣不會取得成功。不要誤會，我并不是說單憑好的內容就能獲得成功。不是的。好的內容只是必要條件，而不是充分條件。您應該以實實在在的內容（適合聽眾的）為出發(fā)點來準備演講，再將這些內容有機串連成故事，娓娓向您的聽眾道來。A word of caution : Though I am emphasizing how important content is, Ialso am begging you to spare your audience a data dump. A data d

11、ump all too common unfortunately is when a presenter crams too much informationinto the talk without making the effort to make the information or dataapplicable to the members of the audience. A data dump also occurs when dataand information do not seem to build on the information that came earlier

12、inthe presentation. Sometimes it almost seems that the presenter is either showing off, or more likely, is simply afraid that if he does not tell thewhole story by giving reams of data, the audience will not understand his message.警告：雖然我強調內容很重要，但我也懇請您不要把聽眾當成“話桶”?！霸捦啊辈恍业氖撬毡榇嬖诰褪茄葜v人不下功夫準備適合聽眾的內容，但卻向聽眾

13、強行灌輸大量信息。當演講內容不是根據演講之前的要求準備時，也會出現話桶的情況。有時候演講人似乎是在炫耀，或者可能擔心如果不給出大量信息來講述“整個故事”，聽眾就難以明白他的意思。Do not fall intothe trap of thinking that in order for your audience to understand anything,you must tell them everything. Which brings us to the idea of simplicity.不要陷入以下誤區(qū)：為了讓聽眾理解所有的內容，就必須告訴他們每一個細節(jié)。 4. Keep it

14、 simple Simple does notmean stupid. Frankly, thinking that the notion of simplifying is stupid is just plain, well, stupid. Simple can be hard for the presenter, but itwill be appreciated by the audience. Simplicity takes more forethought andplanning on your part because you have to think very hard

15、about what to includeand what can be left out. What is the essence of your message? This is theultimate question you need to ask yourself during the preparation of your presentation. Heres a simple exercise:簡單并不意味著愚蠢。坦率地說，認為簡單就是愚蠢恰恰是簡單而“愚蠢的”。演講人做到簡單很難，但聽眾卻喜歡。簡單需要更多的構思和計劃，因為您必須認真考慮哪些內容應該包含在您的演講中，哪些內容

16、可以被排除在外。您演講的核心內容是什么？這是您在準備演講時必須問自己的最終問題。下面是一個簡單的練習： EXERCISE: （1）_（2）_（3）_ 5. Outlining your content5.草擬內容 I suggest youstart your planning in analog mode. That is, rather than divingright into PowerPoint (or Keynote), the best presenters often scratch out theirideas and objectives with a pen and pa

17、per. Personally, I use a large whiteboardin my office to sketch out my ideas (when I was at Apple, I had one entire wallturned into a whiteboard!). The whiteboard works for me as I feel uninhibitedand freer to be creative. I can also step back (literally) from what I havesketched out and imagine how

18、 it might flow logically when PowerPoint is addedlater. Also, as I write down key points and assemble an outline and structure,I can draw quick ideas for visuals such as charts or photos that will laterappear in the PowerPoint. Though you may be using digital technology when youdeliver your presenta

19、tion, the act of speaking and connecting to an audience to persuade, sell, or inform is very much analog.我建議您開始以“模擬模式”制作您的幻燈片。也就是說，不要一開始就蒙頭使用PowerPoint（或Keynote）軟件，優(yōu)秀的演講人經常利用紙和筆來草擬他們的想法和目標。對我來說，我使用辦公室中的一塊大白板來簡要描繪我的想法（當我在蘋果公司的時候，我將一整面墻變成了我的白板?。?。使用白板時，我感覺無拘無束，自由自在，創(chuàng)造力無限。我也可以從已擬出的內容后退一步，想象稍后使用PowerPoin

20、t時在邏輯上如何銜接。此外，當在紙上勾畫要點，組織大綱結構的時候，我能突然獲得一些圖表、照片等視覺化想法，而后再將這些想法用PPT表現出來。當您演講的時候，盡管使用數碼技術進行了輔助支持，但說話和與聽眾互動說服、推銷、報告等行為，也是需要模擬的。 我通常使用筆記本和鋼筆（若空間足夠大就使用白板）來畫草圖。我發(fā)現這種模擬方法比我所說的更能激發(fā)我的創(chuàng)造力。由于沒有幻燈片制作軟件干擾思路，我可以很容易知道制作的邏輯流程。我可以畫一個草圖來支持我的某個觀點，比如說在這里用一個餅圖，在那里用一張照片，也許一個曲線圖，等等。您可能會想：這多浪費時間??！為啥不直接用PowerPoint呢，非得同一件事情重復

21、做兩次？這個問題問的好，問題的答案是，如果我用PowerPoint來畫圖，那么實際上會花費更長的時間，因為我要不斷地在PowerPoint普通視圖和瀏覽視圖之間切換，以了解幻燈片內容的“全貌”。采用該模擬方法（在紙上或白板上）醞釀我的想法并勾畫草圖，可以幫助我鞏固和簡化大腦中的信息。所以當我用PowerPoint表達那些想法時，就很容易了。當使用PowerPoint時，我通常都不看剛才使用的白板和筆記本了，因為模擬過程就給了我清晰的視覺化圖像，演講內容流程如何走向，都歷歷在目。我看一眼我的筆記，回憶一下某一要點我使用了什么視覺化圖形，然后到網站或我自己的高品質圖像庫中尋找最完美的圖像。 6.

22、Have a sound,clear structure 6.結構完整、清晰Take a page outout the McKinsey presentation handbook:presentation structure is paramount.Without it, your wonderful style, delivery and great supporting visuals willfall flat. If you took the time in the first step to outline your ideas and setthem up in a logi

23、cal fashion, then your thinking should be very clear. You canvisualize the logic of your content and the flow of the presentation. If your ideas are not clear first, it will be impossible to design the proper structurelater when you create visuals and/or supporting documents. Your audience needsto s

24、ee where you are going. And it is not enough to simply have anagenda or road map slide in the beginning thatillustrates the organization of your talk. If you do not actually have a solidroad of logic and structure, then an outline slide will be of no use. In fact,the audience may become even more ir

25、ritated since you made the promise of organization in the beginning, but then failed to deliver the promise with apresentation which is muddled and lacks focus.麥肯錫演示手冊指出：演示文稿的結構是至關重要的。沒有好的文稿結構，再精彩的演講風格、技巧和視覺效果都將付諸東流。如果你在第一步花點時間來勾畫您的想法，并將其富有邏輯地組織起來，那么您的思路就會變得非常清晰。您可以將內容邏輯和演示流程視覺化處理。如果開始您的想法不清晰，那么在制作幻

26、燈片的時候就不可能設計出合理的結構。您的聽眾需要知道您的演講思路。在演講開始時，僅使用一張“議程表”或“路線圖”來展現您演講的組織結構是不夠的。如果您沒有嚴密的邏輯結構，那么一張“議程表”或“路線圖”幻燈片也沒用。實際上，如果您開始時展示了組織結構，而演示時糊里糊涂，缺乏重點，那么聽眾可能聽得非常煩躁。 7. Dakara nani?(so what?)7.那重要嗎？In Japanese Ioften say to myself, dakara nani? or sore de.?whichtranslate roughly as so what?! or your point being.

27、?I say this often while I am preparing my material. When building the content ofyour presentation always put yourself in the shoes of the audience and askso what? Really ask yourself the tough questions throughout theplanning process. For example, is your point relevant? It may be cool, but isit imp

28、ortant or help your story in a very important way.or is it fluff?Surely you have been in an audience and wondered how what the presenter wastalking about was relevant or supported his point. So what? youprobably said to yourself. So what? always be asking yourselfthis very important, simple question

29、. If you cant really answer that question,then cut that bit of content out of your talk.我經常用日語對自己說，“dakara nani？”或“sore de？”，大致意思是“那重要嗎？”或“您的觀點是？”當我準備資料時，我經常對自己說這句話。當您準備演示稿的內容時，要始終站在聽眾的角度問自己：“那重要嗎？”在整個準備過程中，一定要問自己這些尖銳的問題。例如，您的觀點重要嗎？這也許很酷，但是重要嗎？還是不重要？是的，您應該始終站在聽眾的角度，不住地質疑演講內容是否重要，這些內容如何支持演講人的觀點?！澳侵匾獑?/p>

30、？”您可能對自己說。“那重要嗎？”總是問自己這個非常重要而簡單的問題。如果您實在不能回答這個問題，那么就將這些內容刪除掉吧。8. Can you passthe elevator test? 8. 您能通過“電梯測試”嗎？Check the clarityof your message with the elevator test. This exercise forces you tosell your message in 30-45 seconds. Imagine this is the situation:You have been scheduled to pitch a new

31、idea to the head of product marketing atyour company, one of the leading technology manufactures in the world. Bothschedules and budgets are tight; this is an extremely important opportunity foryou if you are to succeed at getting the OK from the executive team. When youarrive at the Admin desk outs

32、ide the vice-presidents office, suddenly shecomes out with her coat and briefcase in hand and barks, .sorry,somethings come up, give me your pitch as we go down to the lobby.Imagine such a scenario. Could you sell your idea in the elevator ride and awalk to the parking lot? Sure, the scenario is unl

33、ikely, but possible. What isvery possible, however, is for you to be asked without notice to shorten yourtalk down, from, say, 20 minutes, to 10 minutes (or from a scheduled one hourto 30 minutes), could you do it? True, you may never have to, but practicingwhat you might do in such a case forces yo

34、u to get your message down and makeyour overall content tighter and clearer.請用電梯測試來檢查下您演講的清晰度。這個練習迫使您在30-40秒內“推銷”您的演講。想象下這個場景：您在一家世界領先的制造企業(yè)工作，你被要求向產品營銷負責人匯報您的新想法。時間安排和預算都很緊張，如果您要想獲得執(zhí)行小組的肯定，該匯報就是一個極為重要的機會。當您到達副總辦公室外面，走到管理人員桌邊時，她穿著大衣，拎著手提包突然走出來，“對不起，有些急事，讓我們到大廳去，邊走邊說”，想象一下這樣的場景。您能在搭電梯或去往停車場的途中成功推銷您的想法

35、嗎？是的，這是個假想場景，但還是有可能發(fā)生的。而且，非常有可能發(fā)生的是，若您被臨時要求縮短演講時間，比如從20分鐘減少到10分鐘（或者從1個小時減少到30分鐘），您能做到嗎？是的，您可能從來不會遇到，但練習在這種情況下怎么做，可以幫助您修改演講內容，使之更簡潔、更清晰。 Author, Ron Hoff(I Can See You Naked) reminds us that your presentation should beable to pass the David Belasco test while youre in the planning stages. David Belas

36、co was a producer who insisted that the core idea for every successfulplay he produced could be written as a simple sentence on the back of abusiness card. Try it. Can you crystallize the essence of your presentation content and write it on the back of a business card? If the task is impossible for

37、you, then you may want to think again and get your message down pat in yourmind. This too is certainly something you do before you ever begin to open up PowerPoint (Keynote).我看到您赤裸的作者Ron Hoff提醒我們，您的演講在計劃階段就應該能通過大衛(wèi)貝拉斯科測試。電影制片人大衛(wèi)貝拉斯科認為，他每部成功電影的核心思想都能夠簡化成一句話，可以寫在名片背面。試試看。您能凝練演示稿的主要內容，并將其寫在名片上嗎？如果您做不到，那

38、么您就需要再次思考，牢記演講內容。這也是您啟動PowerPoint（Keynote）軟件之前需要做的事情。9. The art ofstory telling9.講故事的藝術 Good presentations include stories. The best presenters illustrate their points with the use ofstories, most often personal ones. The easiest way to explain complicated ideasis through examples or by sharing a story that underscores the point. Storiesare easy to remember for your audience. If you want your audience to rem