考研英語范文解析

1、. .35/35考研英語文閱讀模擬試題與答案解析(二)Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They dont realize that familiar substances suc

2、h as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phrase substance abuse is often used instead of drug abuse to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin a

3、nd cocaine.We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a

4、substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions. Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, wi

5、th more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive subst

6、ances. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens. Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and a

7、ltering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations. These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning mind-manifestation) because they seemed to radically alter ones state of consciousness.59. Substances abuse (line 5, paragraph 1) is preferable to drug a

8、buse in that _.(A) substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used(B) drug abuse is only related to a limited number of drugtakers(C) alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine(D) many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous60. The word perva

9、sive (line 1, paragraph 2) might mean _.(A) widespread(B) overwhelming(C) piercing(D) fashionable61. Physical dependence on certain substances results from _.(A) uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time(B) exclusive use of them for social purposes(C) quantitative application of the

10、m to the treatment of diseases(D) careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms62. From the last paragraph we can infer that _.(A) stimulants function positively on the mind(B) hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to health(C) depressants are the worst type of psychoactive substances(D) the

11、 three types of psychoactive substances are commonly used in groups答案與試題解析59.（D）意為：除海洛因或可卡因外，許多其他物質(zhì)也是有害的。第一段最后一句指出，許多醫(yī)生（physician）和心理學家常使用物質(zhì)濫用而不是藥物濫用這一概念，他們想以此說明：濫用像煙酒這樣的物質(zhì)與濫用海洛因和可卡因一樣有害。A 意為：如果非法使用，物質(zhì)可能改變我們身體或大腦的功能。第一段第一句對藥物這一概念下了一個定義：從專業(yè)角度來講，除食品以外，任何改變我們的身體或大腦功能的物質(zhì)都是藥物。但是，正如第二句所指出的，許多人錯誤地認為藥物這一概念僅

12、指某種醫(yī)藥或嗜毒者用的非法化學藥品。B 意為：藥物濫用僅限指一少部分人的吸毒行為。C 意為：煙酒同海洛因和可卡因一樣致命。這里，fatal（致命的）一詞太夸了，與原文中所說的有害（harmfully）相去甚遠。60.（A）該詞意為：普通的，廣泛的。事實上，由第二段第一句的冒號后部分所表達的容，我們可以推斷出該詞的意思。該句可譯為：在我們生活的社會里，醫(yī)用或社交用物質(zhì)（藥物）廣泛存在，如：用阿斯匹林制止頭痛，用酒交際，早晨用咖啡振作一下精神，抽支煙定定神（或：松弛一下）。B 意為：壓倒一切的，占主流的。C 意為：尖銳的，尖的。 D 意為：時髦的，流行的。61.（A）意為：長時間無節(jié)制地嗜用它們。

13、根據(jù)第二段第四、五句，頻繁使用（repeated use）某種物質(zhì)（藥物）會使身體對之上癮或形成依賴。依賴起先表現(xiàn)為耐藥量（tolerance）的增加：要達到滿足，需要的劑量越來越多；停止服用后，一些不舒服的反應(yīng)就會出現(xiàn)?？梢?，用藥量和用藥時間是造成藥物依賴的兩個重要因素。B 意為：僅將它們用于社交目的。文章第二段第一句確實提到了像酒這樣的物質(zhì)可以用于社交目的，但這不等于說只有用于社交目的的物質(zhì)才可以使人上癮。C 意為：將它們大量地用來治病。量大僅是可能產(chǎn)生藥物依賴的原因之一，而頻繁使用也是形成藥物依賴的重要條件。D 意為：粗心使用它們而產(chǎn)生不良癥狀。62.（B）意為：幻覺劑本身就危害健康。根

14、據(jù)第三段第四、五句，幻覺劑主要影響人的感知覺，以各種方式（包括產(chǎn)生幻覺）將它扭曲、改變。它們被稱作引起幻覺的藥物，因為它們似乎從根本上改變了人的意識狀態(tài)。A 意為：興奮劑對心智有積極影響。第三段前三句指出，影響中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)、改變感知覺和行為的藥物屬于對神經(jīng)起顯著作用的（psychoactive）物質(zhì)，它們通常分為興奮劑、抑制劑或幻覺劑。興奮劑具有開始加快或激活中樞神經(jīng)的作用，而抑制劑則具有減緩作用。但是，無論是哪種作用，其影響都是有害的。參閱第一段最后一句。C 意為：抑制劑是對神經(jīng)起顯著作用的物質(zhì)中最壞的一種。第三段提到了三鐘影響人的意識與行為的物質(zhì)（見上文），但并未指出哪種效果最壞。D 意為

15、：三種對神經(jīng)起顯著作用的物質(zhì)經(jīng)常被一起使用。這一點第三段也未提到。翻譯句子1. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.參考譯文 我們生活在一種藥品（毒品）的醫(yī)學用途和社會用途都很廣泛的社會里：一片用來止頭疼

16、的阿司匹林，一些用來社交的酒，早上自己提提神所喝的咖啡，一支用來定神的香煙。結(jié)構(gòu)剖析 句子的主干就是 We live in a society，后面 which 引導(dǎo)定語從句 in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive，修飾 society。冒號后面的部分是并列關(guān)系的名詞詞組，用來舉例說明前面提出的觀點，開始時可以略去不看。閱讀重點 注意冒號后面列舉的前三個名詞詞組中的動詞不定式都相當于定語成分，修飾前面的中心名詞，表示其功效。2. Dependence is marked first by

17、an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.參考譯文 對藥品的依賴性首先表現(xiàn)為不斷增長的耐藥量，要產(chǎn)生想得到的效果所需要的藥品劑量越來越大，然后表現(xiàn)為當停藥后，令人不快的停藥癥狀的出現(xiàn)。結(jié)構(gòu)剖析 句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 Dependence is marke

18、d first byand then by；逗號隔開的成分 with+n.+過去分詞：with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect 作狀語，用來進一步解釋藥物依賴的第一種表現(xiàn)。when the substance is discontinued 是表示時間的狀語從句。閱讀重點 注意 and 連接兩個 by 開始的介詞詞組是并列關(guān)系，這樣就能抓住句子的主干了。另外注意名詞在這里的特殊意義：dependence 指對藥物的依賴，withdrawal 的意思是停止用藥。補充難句翻譯1. The p

19、hrase substance abuse is often used instead of drug abuse to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.參考譯文 藥品濫用這個詞經(jīng)常被用來代替毒品濫用，其目的是為了表明酒精和煙草這樣的物質(zhì)是可能像海洛因和可卡因那樣被誤用的。結(jié)構(gòu)剖析 句子的主干是句子的前半部分 The phrase substance abuse is often usedto make cl

20、ear；to make clear that是動詞不定式作狀語，表示目的。that 后面接的是賓語從句作動詞 make clear 的賓語。閱讀重點 注意 make+sth.+adj.：make sth. clear，這里因為 sth. 是一個 that 引導(dǎo)的從句，所以放在了形容詞 clear 的后面。另外注意 asas 的用法。2、Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens.參考譯文 精神刺激性藥品通常

21、按照他們是否是興奮劑，鎮(zhèn)靜劑或致幻劑來劃分。結(jié)構(gòu)剖析 這是一個簡單句。句子的主干部分是 Psychoactive substances aregrouped according to，使用了被動語態(tài)。其中 whether 引導(dǎo)賓語從句 whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens 作介詞 according to 的賓語。閱讀重點 group 這里用作動詞，是分類的意思。語言點詳解1. alter 改變大綱詞匯 alter v. 改變，變更 alteration n. 改變，變更經(jīng)典例句 The outstanding p

22、erformance of the troupe altered their attitude.2. mental functioning 心理功能3. drug addict 吸毒者擴充詞匯 addict n. 入迷的人，上癮的人； v. 使沉溺，使人迷，使上癮4. alcohol 酒精 大綱詞匯 alcohol n. 酒精，乙醇；含酒精的飲料衍生詞匯 alcoholic n.酒鬼；a.酒精的經(jīng)典例句 His mother told him to keep off alcohol.5. illegal 非法的大綱詞匯 illegal a.不合法的，非法的經(jīng)典例句 The state forb

23、ids illegal possession of firearms.6. neutral 中性的大綱詞匯 neutral a.中立的；中性的，中和的經(jīng)典例句 He tried to keep neutral in the conflicts between his friends.7. psychologist 心理學家大綱詞匯 psychology n. 心理學衍生詞匯 psychologist n.心理學家8. phrase 詞大綱詞匯 phrase n.短語，詞語，習語經(jīng)典例句 This phrase was used wrongly in the sentence.9. abuse

24、濫用大綱詞匯 abuse v./n.濫用；虐待；漫罵經(jīng)典例句 Drug abuse has become a serious social problem nowadays.10. instead of 代替大綱詞匯 instead ad.代替，頂替 instead of 代替，而不是；不是（而是）經(jīng)典例句 Her brought two assistants with her instead of one.11. misuse 濫用擴充詞匯 misuse v. 錯用，誤用，濫用構(gòu)詞方法 mis-后綴，表示不當，錯，誤聯(lián)想記憶 misunderstand v.誤解 miscalculate v

25、.誤算經(jīng)典例句 You should not misuse his kindness and take his advantage.12. heroin 海洛因 大綱詞匯 heroin n.海洛因13. cocaine 可卡因14. pervasive 普遍的擴充詞匯 pervasive a.到處彌漫的；普遍的，流行的經(jīng)典例句 Pollution is one of the most pervasive problems today.15. aspirin 阿斯匹林16. sociable 善于交際的擴充詞匯 sociable a.好交際的，合群的；社交的經(jīng)典例句 Although she i

26、s nice to everyone, she is not a sociable person.17. get going 開始工作擴充詞匯 get going 開始，開始談話（或工作等）經(jīng)典例句 He suggested we get going with our work.18. constructive 有建設(shè)性的大綱詞匯 construct v.建設(shè)，建造，構(gòu)造；創(chuàng)立衍生詞匯 constructive a.建設(shè)性的，有積極意義的經(jīng)典例句 The company gave constructive response to their criticism.19. first of all

27、 首先經(jīng)典例句 First of all, your reaction should be justified.20. in excess 過量大綱詞匯 excess a.過量的，額外的；n.過量，過剩 in excess of 超過經(jīng)典例句 The materials you keep in excess will cost you too much money.21. negative effects 負面影響大綱詞匯 negative a.否定的，消極的，反面的，負的，陰性的；n.負數(shù)；（攝影）底片22. perceptual 感覺的擴充詞匯 perceptual a. 感知的，感覺的；

28、感性的 perceptual response 知覺反應(yīng)perceptual knowledge 感性知識23. physical addiction 身體上癮擴充詞匯 addiction n.人迷，嗜好；癮 heroin addiction海洛因癮24. withdrawal symptoms 脫癮的不舒服癥狀大綱詞匯 withdraw v.收回，撤消；縮回，退出；提?。ㄥX）symptom n. 癥狀，征候，征兆衍生詞匯 withdrawal n.收回，取回，撤回；戒毒（脫癮）的過程25. discontinue 停止 擴充詞匯 discontinue v.停止，中斷，終止經(jīng)典例句 We h

29、ave to discontinue the projects because of a lack of fund.26. nervous system 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)大綱詞匯 nerve n.神經(jīng)；勇氣，膽量 nervous a.神經(jīng)的；神經(jīng)過敏的，緊不安的27. perception 感知大綱詞匯 perceive v.察覺，感知；理解，領(lǐng)悟衍生詞匯 perception n.察覺，感覺，感知；認識，看法經(jīng)典例句 His perception of the change came in a flash.28. peychoactive 作用于精神的，影響（或改變）心理狀態(tài)的構(gòu)詞方法 psycho

30、-前綴，表示精神：心理聯(lián)想記憶 psychoanalysis n. 精神分析 psychobiology n.精神生物學29. stimulant 興奮劑擴充詞匯 stimulant n.引起興奮的食品（或飲料等）；興奮劑；刺激物，影響力經(jīng)典例句 Coffee and tea are stimulants.30. depressant 鎮(zhèn)靜劑大綱詞匯 depress v.壓抑，降低；使沮喪，壓下衍生詞匯 depressant n.鎮(zhèn)靜劑31. hallucinogen 幻覺劑32. speed up 使加速大綱詞匯 speed up 使加速經(jīng)典例句 You have to speed up y

31、our rate of work.33. activate 啟動大綱詞匯 activate v.使活動，啟動經(jīng)典例句 He ordered the workers to activate the engine.34. slow down 降低（速度）大綱詞匯 slow down（使）放慢，減速經(jīng)典例句 She asked her son to slow down the car because she felt dizzy.35. primary effect 最初的作用36. hallucination 幻覺擴充詞匯 hallucination n.幻覺；妄想經(jīng)典例句 He was unde

32、rgoing some perceptive hallucination.37. psychedelic 迷幻藥的擴充詞匯 psychedelic a.迷幻藥的；引起幻覺的 a psychedelic indulgence 迷幻沉灑psychedelic art 迷幻藝35. mind manifesting 顯示心想法的大綱詞匯 manifest v.表明，證明，顯示；a.明白的，明了的聯(lián)想記憶 mind-altering a.麻痹神經(jīng)的39. radically 極度地大綱詞匯 radical a. 基本的，重要的；激進的，極端的；根本的經(jīng)典例句 Attitudes towards edu

33、cation will have to change radically.40. fatal 致命的大綱詞匯 fatal a. 致命的，毀滅性的經(jīng)典例句 He collapsed at the fatal blow on his head.41. piercing 刺穿的大綱詞匯 pierce v刺破，刺穿經(jīng)典例句 They pursued their way in the piercing coldness.全文翻譯從專業(yè)角度說，除食品外，任何能改變我們生理和心理機能的物質(zhì)都是藥物。很多人錯誤地認為藥物這個詞僅僅指某些藥品或是吸毒者服用的違禁化學品。他們沒有意識到諸如酒精、煙草這些我們熟悉的

34、物質(zhì)也是藥物。這也是現(xiàn)在許多科醫(yī)生和心理學家使用物質(zhì)這個更加中性的詞的原因。他們常用物質(zhì)濫用而不用藥物濫用來清楚表明濫用酒精、煙草這樣的物質(zhì)如同濫用海洛因和可卡因一樣有害。我們生活在一個物質(zhì)（藥物）在醫(yī)療和社交方面的使用都很廣泛的社會里：用來緩解頭痛的阿斯匹林，用來應(yīng)酬的酒，早晨用來提神的咖啡，還有定神用的香煙。使用這些物質(zhì)得到了社會認可，且顯然具有積極的作用，但什么時候就變成濫用了呢？首先，大多數(shù)物質(zhì)的過量使用都會產(chǎn)生負面影響，如中毒或嚴重的感知錯亂。反復(fù)使用一種物質(zhì)可以導(dǎo)致成癮或?qū)υ撐镔|(zhì)的依賴。依賴的最初表現(xiàn)是不斷增長的耐藥量，要產(chǎn)生預(yù)期的效果需要的藥劑量越來越大，而一旦中斷使用就會出現(xiàn)難

35、受的停藥癥狀。影響中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)、改變感知覺和行為的藥物（物質(zhì)）屬于對神經(jīng)起顯著作用的物質(zhì)，它們通常分為興奮劑、鎮(zhèn)靜劑和幻覺劑。興奮劑主要起到加速或激活中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的作用，而鎮(zhèn)靜劑則相反：減緩它的活動。幻覺劑主要影響人的感知，通過多種方式對感知加以扭曲或改變，其中包括產(chǎn)生幻覺。這些物質(zhì)常被認為能引起幻覺（psychedelic一詞源于希臘語，意為心靈顯現(xiàn)），因為它們似乎能改變?nèi)说囊庾R狀態(tài)。No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. Is this what you intende

36、d to accomplish with your careers? Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well? At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has invol

37、ved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. Its a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the

38、 financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the companys mountainous debt, which will increase to $ 17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.The

39、flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the companys rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-Ts violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deser

40、ves an outlet. The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We wont r

41、etreat in the face of any threats.Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last months stockholdersmeeting. Levin asserted that music is not th

42、e cause of societys ills and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the balanced struggle between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standa

43、rds for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms un

44、der the First Amendment are not totally unlimited, says Luce. I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.63. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for _.（A）its raising of the corporate stock price（B）its self-examination of

45、 soul（C）its neglect of social responsibility（D）its emphasis on creative freedom64. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?（A）Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.（B）Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.（C）Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.（D）Steve Ross is no long

46、er alive.65. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman _.（A）stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression（B）softened his tone and adopted some new policy（C）changed his attitude and yielded to objection（D）received more support from the 15-member board66. The best title for

47、this passage could be _.（A）A Company under Fire（B）A Debate on Moral Decline（C）A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture（D）A Form of Creative Freedom答案與試題解析63.（C）意為：它對社會責任的忽視。第一段指出，沒有哪個公司喜歡別人說它導(dǎo)致了全國道德敗壞，多爾參議員所指責時代華納公司的正是這一點。他說：難道這就是你們的經(jīng)營目標嗎，你們出賣了自己的靈魂，難道你們也想毀了國家、危與我們的孩子嗎？另從第三、四段來看，這里多爾所指責的正是該公司用它的音樂作品帶來的社會影響

48、，多爾認為這些音樂作品對社會和青少年有不良影響。A 意為：它將公司股價提高。從多爾所說的話來看，他關(guān)心的不是該公司的經(jīng)濟狀況。B 意為：它對靈魂的自我檢驗。第一段第三句指出，對時代沃納公司來說，多爾所質(zhì)疑的問題只不過是公司自創(chuàng)立以來一直進行的自我反省的最新表述，在公司發(fā)展的不同階段，這一自我反省涉與（社會）責任、創(chuàng)作自由、公司利潤（bottom line）。換言之，在公司的發(fā)展過程中，社會責任、創(chuàng)作自由、公司能否賺錢這三者之間的矛盾一直困擾著公司。根據(jù)公司董事長列文的話（見第三段），公司把創(chuàng)作自由放在了發(fā)展的首位。這造成了它對作品的社會影響的忽視，所以，后來列文改變態(tài)度以后，承認應(yīng)該在創(chuàng)作自由

49、和社會責任上尋找一個平衡點（見第四段）?？梢?，多爾參議員所指責的正是公司的所作所為帶來的不良社會影響，這樣他就擊中了要害。D 意為：它對創(chuàng)作自由的強調(diào)。見上文分析。64.（D）回答這一問題主要涉與對第二段第一句中 late 的理解。除其他意思外，該詞有前，已故的等意思。一般來講，該詞加在人名或稱呼前時譯作已故的、如：the late Mr. Green 已故格林先生，her late husband 她的前夫（已故），若加在頭銜前，則要據(jù)情況而譯，如：the late president 前總統(tǒng)（也可能已故，也可能僅指剛剛卸職）。第二段第一句可譯為：處于爭議中心的是董事長杰拉德？列文，他在 1

50、992年前董事長史蒂夫？羅斯去世后繼任，今年 56 歲。A 意為：路斯是時代沃納公司的發(fā)言人。在最后一段第二句，路斯僅被稱作 insider（部人士，知情人士），他說：我們有些人多年來一直知道（憲法）第一修正案中所規(guī)定的自由并非是無限制的自由，我想可能公司的某些人最近才意識到這一點。他的話說明了公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)部對處理創(chuàng)作自由和社會影響這一對矛盾上的不同看法、也暗含著對公司一貫政策（過于強調(diào)創(chuàng)作自由）的批評。可見，他并非公司指派的發(fā)言人，而僅代表自己。B 意為：列文傾向于妥協(xié)。根據(jù)第三段中列文所說的話，他是一個持強硬立場的人。他說：檢驗任何社會的標準不是看它如何嚴厲地控制（思想的）表達，而是看它是否給

51、人以最大限度的思想和表達思想的自由。我們不會屈服于任何威脅。但是，在這次的爭議中，雖然列文也在為公司發(fā)行的音樂作品爭辯，但他也做出了某些程度的讓步（參閱第四段第一句）。由此可見，列文并非是個易于妥協(xié)的人。C 意為：在這場爭議中。時代沃納公司團結(jié)一致。不對，例如上文所提到的路斯的觀點。65.（B）意為：態(tài)度有所緩和，采取了某種新政策。第四段指出，列文對上周的爭議拒絕評價，但有跡象表明他正在放棄自己的強硬立場-至少在某種程度上可以這樣說。在上月討論搖滾樂歌詞的董事會上，列文強調(diào)音樂并不引起社會丑惡現(xiàn)象，他甚至舉了他兒子的例子。但是，他同時也談到了創(chuàng)作自由與社會責任保持平衡的問題，他表示，公司將為音

52、樂的發(fā)行和標識（labeling 指：標識作品或產(chǎn)品的應(yīng)用對象，如：是否適應(yīng)于青少年使用等）制定標準?？梢?，列文在做出妥協(xié)姿態(tài)的同時，也采取了實際的行動。A 意為：堅持強硬立場保護思想表達自由。C 意為：改變其態(tài)度并向反對派屈服。與 B 表達的容相比，C 表達的容語氣太強。因為，正如第四段第一句所說的，列文僅做出了某種程度的讓步（to some extent）。D 意為：獲得了董事會 15 位成員更多的支持。雖然董事會一直支持列文與其公司經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略，但在這次的爭議中，意見出現(xiàn)了分歧。參閱第 64 題題解。66.（A）意為：遭到責難的公司。從以上的分析可以看出，本文主要是評述了時代華納公司因發(fā)行新

53、音樂專輯而受到的責難與其反應(yīng)。B 意為：一場關(guān)于道德敗壞的爭論。這個題目太寬泛。更何況，時代華納公司所被指責的主要是它對社會責任的忽視，而并非它所發(fā)行的作品所帶來的實際社會影響。C 意為：街頭文化的合法表達（途徑）。D 意為：一種表現(xiàn)創(chuàng)作自由的形式翻譯句子1、The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the companys rap music on the grounds of expression.參考譯文 人們對說唱音樂的焦慮并沒使他的日子變得好過。萊文

54、一向以它是一種富于表現(xiàn)力的演唱方式這個理由來為公司的說唱音樂辯護。結(jié)構(gòu)剖析 第一個句子是一個簡單句。flap over rap 是句子的主語，is making 是謂語，使用了結(jié)構(gòu)：make+n.+adj.。第二個句子也是一個簡單句。閱讀重點 第一句中的重點是掌握 to make life easier 這個表述方法，其它部分都是輔助這個短語的。另外，對于 flap 一詞的理解也至關(guān)重要，在這里它的意思是焦慮、興奮狀態(tài)的意思。第二句中的主干是 defend somebody on the grounds of something（為某種理由或手段為某人辯護）。expression 這里的意思是

55、 the quality of singing or playing a musical instrument with feeling，即表達方式、腔調(diào)，尤指雄辯的語調(diào)、富有表情的唱腔。注意 consistently 是一貫地，一向地的意思，不要與 constantly 混淆。2、The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom o

56、f thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be參考譯文 對任何一個社會的考驗，他在華爾街雜志的一個專欄文章中寫到，不在于它能夠多有效地控制各種意見的表達，而在于這個社會是否能給予思考和表達的盡可能廣泛的自由，不管有時候這種結(jié)果是多么的富有爭議或令人不快結(jié)構(gòu)剖析 這里直接引語被分成兩部分，一部分在主句前，另一部分放在主句之后。在這個例子里面，直接引語是主句的賓語。直接引語的主干是 The test lies no

57、t in but in， however，這是一個用副詞 however 連接的并列復(fù)合句。閱讀重點 閱讀時可以先不看直接引語，可以在分別搞清楚主句和作為賓語從句的直接引語的意思后再把主句和直接引語放在一起理解，這樣就比較容易了。另一方面，要理解 however 引導(dǎo)的句子的意思，在這里可以把其理解為不管、不論，在這種用法中，however 一般后面接形容詞。補充難句翻譯1、Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers？ Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives las

58、t week. You have sold your souls， but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?參考譯文 上星期參議員羅博特多爾質(zhì)問時代華納公司的高級管理人員們：難道這就是你們希望能夠成就的事業(yè)？你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂，但是難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家，威脅我們的孩子們嗎？結(jié)構(gòu)剖析 這是一個有直接引語的復(fù)雜句。首先抓住核心句 Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week，其前后是直接引語。這個直接引語的前半部分是一個一

59、般疑問句，后面由兩個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子構(gòu)成，由連詞 but 連接。第一個分句是一個簡單句，but 后面的句子是一個一般疑問句。由情態(tài)動詞 must 引導(dǎo)，包括由 and 這個連詞連的兩個并列部分，corrupt our nation 和 threaten our children as well 在后面 threaten out children as well 這部分的主語 you 被省略了。閱讀重點 關(guān)鍵要理解 but 后面的一般疑問句，這里并不是表示疑問，而是反問、詰問的意思。當并列復(fù)合句的第二個子句的主語與第一個子句的主語一樣時，第二個子句的主語可以省。as well 這里是 in add

60、ition、also、too 也的意思，經(jīng)常用于句尾。2、Its a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility， creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.參考譯文 這是一種在不同時期會涉與責任、創(chuàng)作自由和公司底線問題的自我反省。結(jié)構(gòu)剖析 這是一個有定語從句的復(fù)雜句。閱讀時首先注意主干為 It is a self-examination；that 后面引導(dǎo)的是限定性定語從句，修飾 self-examination；定語從句的賓語