the--freedom--givers英語(yǔ)課文原文及翻譯

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)the freedom givers英語(yǔ)課文原文及翻譯In 2004 a center in honor of the underground railroad opens in Cincinnati. The railroad was unusual. It sold no tickets and had no trains. Yet it carried thousands of passengers to the destination of their drea

2、ms.The Freedom Givers Fergus M. Bordewich 給人以自由者 弗格斯M博得威奇1 .A gentle breeze swept the Canadian plains as I stepped outside the small two-story house. Alongside me was a slender woman in a black dress, my guide back to a time when the surrounding settlement in Dresden, Ontario, was home to a hero in

3、American history. As we walked toward a plain gray church, Barbara Carter spoke proudly of her great-great-grandfather, Josiah Henson. He was confident that the Creator intended all men to be created equal. And he never gave up struggling for that freedom. 我走出這幢兩層小屋，加拿大平原上有輕風(fēng)輕輕吹過(guò)。我身邊是一位苗條的黑衣女子，把我?guī)Щ氐?/p>

4、從前的向?qū)?。那時(shí)，安大略省得雷斯頓這一帶住著美國(guó)歷史上的一位英雄。我們前往一座普普通平凡灰色教堂，芭芭拉卡特自豪地和我談?wù)撝母咦鎲藤悂喓嗌?。“他?jiān)信上帝要所有人生來(lái)平等。他從來(lái)沒(méi)有停止過(guò)爭(zhēng)取這一自由權(quán)利的奮斗?！?. Carters devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride: it is about family honor. For Josiah Henson has lived on through the character in American fiction that he helped inspire

5、: Uncle Tom, the long-suffering slave in Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin. Ironically, that character has come to symbolize everything Henson was not. A racial sellout unwilling to stand up for himself? Carter gets angry at the thought. Josiah Henson was a man of principle, she said firmly. 卡

6、特對(duì)其先輩的忠誠(chéng)不僅僅關(guān)乎一己之驕傲，而關(guān)乎家族榮譽(yù)。因?yàn)閱藤悂喓嗌两袢詾槿怂怯捎谒ぐl(fā)的創(chuàng)作靈感使得一個(gè)美國(guó)小說(shuō)人物問(wèn)世：湯姆叔叔，哈麗特比徹斯陀的小說(shuō)湯姆叔叔的小屋中那個(gè)逆來(lái)順受的黑奴。具有諷刺意味的是，這一人物所象征的一切特征在亨森身上一點(diǎn)都找不到。一個(gè)不愿奮起力爭(zhēng)、背叛種族的黑人？卡特對(duì)此頗為憤慨?！皢藤悂喓嗌莻€(gè)有原則的人，”她肯定地說(shuō)。 3 .I had traveled hereto Hensons last home - now a historic site that Carter formerly directed - to learn more about a m

7、an who was, in many ways, an African-American Moses. After winning his own freedom from slavery, Henson secretly helped hundreds of other slaves to escape north to Canada - and liberty. Many settled here in Dresden with him. 我遠(yuǎn)道前來(lái)亨森最后的居所那里如今已成為卡特曾管理過(guò)的一處歷史遺跡是為了更多地了解此人，他在許多方面堪稱黑人摩西。亨森自己擺脫了黑奴身份獲得自由之后，還

8、秘密幫助其他許多黑奴逃奔北方去加拿大逃奔自由之地。后來(lái)有許多人和他一起在得雷斯頓這一帶定居了下來(lái)。 4 .Yet this stop was only part of a much larger mission for me. Josiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to lib

9、erate slaves from the American South. Between 1820 and 1860, as many as 100,000 slaves traveled the Railroad to freedom. 但此地只是我所承擔(dān)的繁重使命的一處停留地而已。喬賽亞亨森只是一長(zhǎng)串無(wú)所畏懼的男女名單中的一個(gè)名字，這些人共同創(chuàng)建了這條“地下鐵路”，一條由逃亡線路和可靠的人家組成的用以解放美國(guó)南方黑奴的秘密網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在1820年至1860年期間，多達(dá)十萬(wàn)名黑奴經(jīng)由此路走向自由。 5. In October 2000, President Clinton authorized

10、$16 million for the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center to honor this first great civil-rights struggle in the U. S. The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati. And its about time. For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still large

11、ly unsung. I was intent on telling their stories. 2000年10月，克林頓總統(tǒng)批準(zhǔn)撥款1600萬(wàn)美元建造全國(guó)“地下鐵路”自由中心，以此紀(jì)念美國(guó)歷史上第一次偉大的民權(quán)斗爭(zhēng)。中心計(jì)劃于2004年在辛辛那提州建成。真是該建立這樣一個(gè)中心的時(shí)候了。因?yàn)榈叵妈F路的這些英雄們依然不為人知，他們的業(yè)績(jī)依然無(wú)人頌揚(yáng)。所以我要講述他們的故事。 6 .John Parker tensed when he heard the soft knock. Peering out his door into the night, he recognized the face

12、 of a trusted neighbor. Theres a party of escaped slaves hiding in the woods in Kentucky, twenty miles from the river, the man whispered urgently. Parker didnt hesitate. Ill go, he said, pushing a pair of pistols into his pockets. 聽(tīng)到輕輕的敲門(mén)聲，約翰帕克神情變得緊張起來(lái)。他開(kāi)門(mén)窺望，在夜色中認(rèn)出是一位可靠的鄰居。“有一群逃亡奴隸躲在肯塔基州的樹(shù)林里，就在離河20英

13、里的地方，”鄰居用急迫的口氣低語(yǔ)道。帕克沒(méi)有遲疑?！拔揖腿?，”他說(shuō)著，將兩支手槍揣進(jìn)口袋。 7. Born a slave two decades before, in the 1820s, Parker had been taken from his mother at age eight and forced to walk in chains from Virginia to Alabama, where hewas sold on the slave market. Determined to live free someday, he managed to get trained i

14、n iron molding. Eventually he saved enough money working at this trade on the side to buy his freedom. Now, by day, Parker worked in an iron foundry in the Ohio port of Ripley. By night he was a conductor on the Underground Railroad, helping people slip by the slave hunters. In Kentucky, where he wa

15、s now headed,there was a $1000 reward for his capture, dead or alive. 20年前，即19世紀(jì)20年代，生來(lái)即為黑奴的帕克才8歲就被從母親身邊帶走，就被迫拖著鐐銬從弗吉尼亞走到阿拉巴馬，隨后在那里的黑奴市場(chǎng)被買(mǎi)走。他打定主意有朝一日要過(guò)自由的生活，便設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)了鑄鐵這門(mén)手藝。后來(lái)他終于靠這門(mén)手藝攢夠錢(qián)贖回了自由?，F(xiàn)在，帕克白天在俄亥俄州里普利港的一家鑄鐵廠干活。而到了晚上，他就變成了地下鐵路的一位“乘務(wù)員”，幫助人們避開(kāi)追捕逃亡黑奴的人。在他正前往的肯塔基州，當(dāng)局懸賞1000美元要抓住他，活人死尸都要。 8.Crossing th

16、e Ohio River on that chilly night, Parker found ten fugitives frozen with fear. Get your bundles and follow me, he told them, leading the eight men and two women toward the river. They had almost reached shore when a watchman spotted them and raced off to spread the news.在那個(gè)陰森寒冷的夜晚，帕克渡過(guò)俄亥俄河，在那里找到了十個(gè)

17、喪魂落魄的逃亡者?！澳煤冒易撸彼贿叿愿浪麄?，一邊帶著這八男二女朝河邊走去。當(dāng)他們一行人就要到岸時(shí)，卻被一個(gè)巡夜人發(fā)現(xiàn)了，急忙跑開(kāi)去報(bào)告。9 .Parker saw a small boat and, with a shout, pushed the escaping slaves into it. There was room for all but two. As the boat slid across the river, Parker watched helplessly as the pursuers closed in around the men he was forc

18、ed to leave behind.帕克看見(jiàn)一條小船，便大喝一聲，把那些逃亡黑奴推上了船。大家都上了船，但有兩個(gè)人容納不下了。小船緩緩駛向?qū)Π?，帕克只能眼睜睜地看著追捕者把他被迫留下的兩個(gè)男人圍住。10 .he others made it to the Ohio shore, where Parker hurriedly arranged for a wagon to take them to the next station on the Underground Railroad - the first leg of their journey to safety in Canada.

19、Over the course of his life, John Parker guided more than 400 slaves to safety.其他的人都上了岸，接著帕克急忙安排了一輛車(chē)把他們帶到地下鐵路的下一“站”也就是他們走向安全的加拿大之旅的第一程。約翰帕克在有生之年一共帶領(lǐng)過(guò)400多名黑奴走向自由之地。11 .While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were commonly driven by religious convictions. L

20、evi Coffin, a Quaker raised in North Carolina, explained, The Bible, in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said nothing about color.黑人去當(dāng)逃亡鐵路的乘務(wù)員常常是由于本人痛苦的經(jīng)歷，而那些白人則往往是受了宗教信仰的感召。在北卡羅來(lái)納州長(zhǎng)大的貴格會(huì)教徒利瓦伊科芬解釋說(shuō)：“圣經(jīng)上說(shuō)過(guò)只是要我們給饑者以食物，無(wú)衣者以衣衫，但并沒(méi)提到過(guò)膚色的事。”12 .In the 1820s Coffin moved west to Newport

21、(now Fountain City), Indiana, where he opened a store. Word spread that fleeing slaves could always find refuge at the Coffin home. At times he sheltered as many as 17 fugitives at once, and he kept a team and wagon ready to convey them on the next leg of their journey. Eventually three principal ro

22、utes converged at the Coffin house, which came to be the Grand Central Terminal of the Underground Railroad. 在19世紀(jì)20年代，科芬向西遷移前往印第安納州的新港（即今天的噴泉市），并且在那里開(kāi)了一家小店。人們傳說(shuō)，逃亡黑奴在科芬家總是能得到保護(hù)。有時(shí)他光是一次庇護(hù)的逃亡者就多達(dá)17人，他還備有一組人員和車(chē)輛把他們送往下一段行程。到后來(lái)有三條主要路線在科芬家匯合，科芬家成了地下鐵路的中央車(chē)站。13 .For his efforts, Coffin received frequent de

23、ath threats and warnings that his store and home would be burned. Nearly every conductor faced similar risks - or worse. In the North, a magistrate might have imposed a fine or a brief jail sentence for aiding those escaping. In the Southern states, whites were sentenced to months or even years in j

24、ail. One courageous Methodist minister, Calvin Fairbank, was imprisoned for more than 17 years in Kentucky, where he kept a log of his beatings: 35,105 stripes with the whip.科芬經(jīng)常由于他做的工作受到被殺的威脅，或是收到焚毀他店鋪和住宅的警告。同時(shí)幾乎每一個(gè)乘務(wù)員都面臨類似的危險(xiǎn)或者更為嚴(yán)重一些。在北方，治安官會(huì)對(duì)幫助逃亡的人課以罰金，或判以短期監(jiān)禁。在南方各州，白人則被判處幾個(gè)月甚至幾年的監(jiān)禁。一位勇敢的循道宗牧師卡爾文

25、費(fèi)爾班克在肯塔基州被關(guān)押了17年多，他記錄了自己遭受毒打的情況：總共被鞭笞了35,105下。14 .As for the slaves, escape meant a journey of hundreds of miles through unknown country, where they were usually easy to recognize. With no road signs and few maps, they had to put their trust in directions passed by word of mouth and in secret signs

26、- nails driven into trees, for example - that conductors used to mark the route north.至于那些黑奴，逃亡對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)意味著數(shù)百英里的長(zhǎng)途跋涉，意味著穿越自己極易被人辨認(rèn)的陌生地域。沒(méi)有路標(biāo)，也幾乎沒(méi)有線路圖，他們趕路全憑著口口相告的路線以及秘密記號(hào)比如樹(shù)上釘著的釘子是乘務(wù)員用來(lái)標(biāo)示北上路線的記號(hào)。15 .Many slaves traveled under cover of night, their faces sometimes caked with white powder. Quakers often d

27、ressed their passengers, both male and female, in gray dresses, deep bonnets and full veils. On one occasion, Levi Coffin was transporting so many runaway slaves that he disguised them as a funeral procession.許多黑奴在夜色掩護(hù)下趕路，有時(shí)會(huì)在臉上涂著厚厚的白粉。貴格會(huì)教徒經(jīng)常讓他們的“乘客”不分男女穿上灰衣服，戴上深沿帽，披著把頭部完全遮蓋住的面紗。有一次，利瓦伊科芬運(yùn)送的逃亡黑奴實(shí)在太

28、多，他就把他們?nèi)垦b扮成出殯隊(duì)伍。16. Canada was the primary destination for many fugitives. Slavery had been abolished there in 1833, and Canadian authorities encouraged the runaways to settle their vast virgin land. Among them was Josiah Henson.加拿大是許多逃亡者的首選終點(diǎn)站。那兒從1833年開(kāi)始就廢除了奴隸制，加拿大當(dāng)局鼓勵(lì)逃亡奴隸在其廣闊的未經(jīng)開(kāi)墾的土地上定居。其中就有喬賽亞亨森

29、。17. As a boy in Maryland, Henson watched as his entire family was sold to different buyers, and he saw his mother harshly beaten when she tried to keep him with her. Making the best of his lot, Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owners regard.還是孩子的亨森在馬里蘭州目睹著全家人被賣(mài)給不同的主人，親眼看到母親為了想把自己留在她身邊而遭

30、受毒打。亨森便非常認(rèn)命，干活勤勉，深受主人器重。18. Money problems eventually compelled his master to send Henson, his wife and children to a brother in Kentucky. After laboring there for several years, Henson heard alarming news: the new master was planning to sell him for plantation work far away in the Deep South. The s

31、lave would be separated forever from his family.后來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)困頓最終迫使亨森的主人將他及其妻兒送到主人在肯塔基州的一個(gè)兄弟處。在那兒干了幾年苦工之后，亨森聽(tīng)說(shuō)了一個(gè)可怕的消息：新主人準(zhǔn)備把他賣(mài)到遙遠(yuǎn)的南方腹地去農(nóng)莊干活。意味著這名奴隸將與自己的家人永遠(yuǎn)分離。19. There was only one answer: flight. I knew the North Star, Henson wrote years later. Like the star of Bethlehem, it announced where my salvation lay. 亨森只有一條路可走：逃亡。“我會(huì)認(rèn)北斗星，”許多年后亨森寫(xiě)道?！熬拖袷サ夭愕木刃且粯?，它告訴我在哪里可以獲得救贖?！?0. At huge risk, Henson and his wife set off with their fou