中考復(fù)習(xí)（13）主從復(fù)合句

1、中考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句九年級(jí)（1）班 彭功寶 2018.03.29中考考點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句1. 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)序及引導(dǎo)詞。2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化形式。3. 狀語(yǔ)從句中連詞的選擇和時(shí)態(tài)。4. 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的基本用法。5. 關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法。中考考點(diǎn)在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序?？键c(diǎn)1引導(dǎo)詞1在that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中that本身無意義，可以省略。The radio says (that) it will rain tomorrow.收音機(jī)報(bào)道說明天會(huì)下雨。2連接代詞which, what, who等(在從句

2、中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等)或連接副詞how, where, why, when等(在從句中作狀語(yǔ))引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句改用陳述語(yǔ)序。Could you tell me _ to you?你能告訴我他跟你說了些什么嗎？賓語(yǔ)從句 what he said 考點(diǎn) 1.引導(dǎo)詞語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句3whether 或 if(在從句中不作成分)引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句或選擇疑問句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句改用陳述語(yǔ)序。I wonder _ you have told the news to Li Lei.我想知道你是否已經(jīng)告訴李雷這則消息了?！咀⒁狻?下列幾種情況中，賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

3、通常使用whether：具有選擇意義且又有or或or not，尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí)，往往用whether；介詞之后用whether；不定式前用whether。if/whether 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句1當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。I remember he _ me a book yesterday.我記得他昨天給了我一本書。He has told me that he _ for New York tomorrow. 他已經(jīng)告訴我明天他就動(dòng)身去紐約了。2當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。We asked what Jea

4、n was doing then.我們問瓊那時(shí)正在做什么。gave 考點(diǎn)2.時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句 will leave 3當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或普遍規(guī)律時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Lisa asked whether light _ faster than sound.莉薩問光的傳播速度是否比聲音快?！咀⒁狻?賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換為“特殊疑問詞to do”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。I dont know what I should say.I dont know what_我不知道要說什么。travels/goes 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四)

5、賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句to say 狀語(yǔ)從句 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句分類連接詞例句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when/while/as, before, after, since, until, as soon asMy mother was making dinner when I got home.我到家時(shí)媽媽正在做晚飯。She brushed teeth quickly after she got up.她起床后快速地刷牙。條件狀語(yǔ)從句if, unless, aslong asI sleep with the windows open unless its really

6、cold.除非真的冷，否則我會(huì)開著窗戶睡覺。Theyll go hiking if theyre free.如果他們有空，他們將去徒步旅行。考點(diǎn)1分類 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句分類連接詞例句原因狀語(yǔ)從句because, as, since, forHe felt very sleepy because he stayed up late last night.他感覺很困倦，因?yàn)樽蛲硭疽沟胶芡?。Since weve got ready for it, lets set off now.既然我們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，那現(xiàn)在就出發(fā)吧。目的狀語(yǔ)從句so that, in order t

7、hatPlease say it more slowly so that we can follow you.請(qǐng)說得更慢一些，以便我們能跟上你。語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句分類連接詞例句地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句where, whereverWhere there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so that, sothat/suchthatIt was so hot that too many people went swimming in the sea.天氣如此炎熱，以至于太多人去海里游泳。Jack was such a clever

8、 boy that he solved the hard problem.杰克是如此聰明的一個(gè)男孩，他解決了那個(gè)難題。語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句分類連接詞例句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句though/although, even if/thoughAlthough it was very cold outside, they were still working.雖然外面很冷，但他們?nèi)匀辉诠ぷ?。比較狀語(yǔ)從句than, asas, not as/soasMary is as quiet as her pen pal (is)瑪麗和她的筆友一樣文靜。在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句和從句之

9、間的時(shí)態(tài)一致問題一般分為下列三種情況：1主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn)： 若主句是祈使句或主句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。Be careful when you cross the road. 過馬路時(shí)要小心。The traffic must stop when the lights _. 當(dāng)紅燈亮?xí)r，車輛必須停下來。 turn red 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)2時(shí)態(tài) 2主將從現(xiàn)： 主句用一般將來時(shí)，而從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。I will visit my good friend when I _ time. 當(dāng)我有空時(shí)，我將去看望我的好友。If she _ here tomor

10、row, I will go to the park with her. 如果明天她來這里，我將和她一起去公園。3主過從過： 若從句是在敘述過去的事情，則主句可以用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。My mother was cooking when I got home yesterday. 昨天我到家時(shí)媽媽正在做飯。have 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句comes 定語(yǔ)從句 考點(diǎn)一 關(guān)系代詞的基本用法 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who(whose, whom), which, that。一般情況下，關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，但關(guān)系代詞which, whom在從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)并且介詞位于關(guān)系

11、代詞前時(shí)，不能省略。作主語(yǔ) 作賓語(yǔ) 作定語(yǔ) 指人 who/that who/whom/that whose指物 which/that which/that whose 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句1下列情況關(guān)系代詞只能用that(1)先行詞為不定代詞all, few, little, much, everything, anything, none, nothing 等時(shí)。All (that) you have to do is to practise every day.你要做的就是每天練習(xí)。There isnt much (that) I can do.我能做的不多。考點(diǎn)

12、二 關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我學(xué)習(xí)的第一堂課。This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.這是我看過的最好的一部電影。(3)先行詞被all, any, every, few, little, no, some等不定代詞修飾時(shí)。I have read all the books (that) you gave me.我已經(jīng)讀完了你給我的

13、所有的書。語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)過關(guān)訓(xùn)練中考考點(diǎn)(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修飾時(shí)。The white flower is the only one that I really like.這朵白花是我唯一真正喜歡的。This is the very book _ I want to read.這正是我想看的那本書。(5)當(dāng)主句是以who或 which 開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。Who is the man that is standing over there?站在那邊的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？(6)先行詞既有人又有物

14、時(shí)。We talked about the persons and things _ we could remember.我們談?wù)摿宋覀兯苡浀玫娜撕褪?。that 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句that 2下列情況關(guān)系代詞只能用which(1)關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用“介詞which”結(jié)構(gòu)。This is the book for _you ask.這是你要的書。(2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用which。This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很感人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍了。which

15、語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句1when在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間。I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. 我仍然記得來北京的第一天。2where 在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示地點(diǎn)。This is the factory _ I worked two years ago.這就是我兩年前工作的那家工廠。3why在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示原因。I know the reason _ he came late. 我知道他來晚的原因?？键c(diǎn)三 關(guān)系副詞的用法when where why 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給

16、詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1They said they _ (have) an English party in a week.2A moment, please. Im checking if Mr.Smith _ (work) tomorrow.3Im waiting for my friend. If she _ (not come), Ill go shopping alone.4We wont start the meeting until our teacher _ (arrive)5Im sorry that John is out.Please ask him to call me a

17、s soon as he _ (return)returns would have will workdoesnt come arrives 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)過關(guān)訓(xùn)練考點(diǎn)過關(guān)訓(xùn)練中考考點(diǎn).用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞填空1He didnt go to school yesterday _ he was ill.2Do you know _ the girl in white is?Im not sure. Maybe she is a doctor.3I think the man _ is painting over there might be our art teac

18、her.4He hasnt finished reading the book _ I borrowed from the library.what because語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句who/that which/that 5Is there anyone _ name is Betty?Sorry, I dont know.6I can hardly believe my eyes. Is that you, Lucy?Yes. It has been almost 20 years _ we were together.7They will lose the ma

19、tch _ they try their best.8 _ we were very tired, we felt happy.since whose 語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句unless Though/Although .根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子1你能告訴我你來中國(guó)多久了嗎？Could you tell me _ in China?2我確信他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。 I am sure _3你媽媽想知道你是否已經(jīng)安全到校。 Your mother wants to know _ you have reached school safely.he will arrive on time how long you have been語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句if/whether4我不知道他們住在哪兒。I didnt know _5科學(xué)家說地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。Scientists said _語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十四) 賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句where they lived that the earth moves around the sun.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1Do you have a toy car? Jack asked his brother