【課件】Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures定語從句講解課件-2022-2023學(xué)年高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

1、Introduce the picturesSu Bingtian runs fast. Su Bingtian is an athlete.Su Bingtian who/that is an athlete runs fast. who/that先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Su Bingtian who/that is an athlete runs fast.Discussion:1. 定語從句的作用?2. 關(guān)系詞的作用?修飾 限定先行詞1. 連接主句，從句2. 指代先行詞3. 在從句中充當(dāng)成分introduce the pictures Tokyo Olympics finally opene

2、d on July 23, 2021.Tokyo Olympics was put off for a year. which/that指物 從句中作主語 which/that合成：Tokyo Olympics which/ that was put off for a year finally opened on July 23, 2021 The medals have been given to winners at Olympics. The Japan Olympic Committee designed the medals. which/that指物 從句中作賓語 which/t

3、hat/省略合成：The medals which/that/省略 the Japan Olympic Committee designed have been given to winners at Olympics. Su Bingtian brought glory to our country. He broke the record at Tokyo Olympics who/that指人 從句中作主語 who/that合成：Su Bingtian who/that broke the record at Tokyo Olympics brought glory to our cou

4、ntry. Guo Jingjing was a famous diving player. the Olympic Committee chose her as the judge of the diving competitions. who/whom/ that指人 從句中作賓語 who/whom/that/省合成：Guo Jingjing was a famous diving player who /whom /that/省略 the Olympic Committee chose as the judge of the diving competitions. Guo Jingji

5、ng was a famous diving player. I learned a lot from her. whom指人 從句中作介詞的賓語 whom合成：Guo Jingjing was a famous diving player from whom I learned a lot.Quan Hongchan won the competition.Quan Hongchans age is 14.whose合成：Quan Hongchan whose age is 14 won the competition. The Tokyo Olypmics were held withou

6、t audiences The Tokyo Olypmics opening ceremony caused much discussion whose whose 指 “物的” 從句中作定語 合成：The Tokyo Olypmics whose opening ceremony caused much discussion were held without audiences.先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞人主 who/that 賓 who/that/whom/省略物 (包括表時間，地點(diǎn)，原因的名詞)主which/that 賓 which/that/省略人和物 主，賓that 人或物的定語

7、whose從句中主謂一致先行詞1.I know a girl who _(like)red.先行詞2. Jim reads books which_(be) fun.先行詞 3. Do you know the things and persons that they _(be) talking about?先行詞從句中的謂語動詞形式likes areare定語從句中的主謂一致The mp4 that _ been given to me is home-made. ( have)I, who _ your classmate, will share the work with you. (

8、be )關(guān)系代詞做從句的主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致，先行詞是句子時，從句的謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。hasamLearn to practice1. Tom is one of the boys that _(be) from the USA.2. Tom is the only boy that_(be) from the USA.areis【注意】He is one of the students who _ made great progress.Mr Wang is the only one of my friends who _ been invited to h

9、ave dinner with us. (have)one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作先行詞時，從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但若one前有 the （only） the（ just） the （very）修飾時，從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式havehaspracticeStep Two. Use attributive clause (定語從句) to introduce your favorite university, singers, or teachers.1. .is my favorite university which/that _ whose _ students are excellet

10、teach wellis located in 坐落于famous 2. .is my favorite singer who/whom/ that_ whose _ handsome 帥氣 acts welltalented 有才dance welllegs are long 大長腿face is beautiful 顏值高strict/friendly 3. . is my favorite teacher who/ whom/ that_ whose_handsome 帥氣 talented 有才students are excelletdance wellteach welllegs

11、are long 大長腿face is beautiful 顏值高famousstrict/friendlywho sings well whose voice is specialmake your choicewhose songs are written by herself.is my favorite singer who/that whose. is my favorite teacher . Favorite teachersfrom whom I learn a lot who/whom I respect Lets learn more 2021 is a special y

12、ear . A lot of events happened in the year. whichwhen 合成： 2021 is a special year when a lot of events happened . It is a glorious occasion（時刻）for Eliud Kipchoge The gold medal was awarded to him at the closing ceremony on that occasion.whichwhen合成：It is a glorious occasion（時刻）for Eliud Kipchoge when

13、 the gold medal was awarded to him at the closing ceremony This is Japan National Stadium.The opening ceremony was held in National Stadium. .whichwhere合成：This is Japan National Stadium where the opening ceremony was held.The Covid-19 pandemic has reached to a stage The Tokyo Olympics had to be held

14、 without audienceson that stage. whichwhere合成：The Covid-19 pandemic has reached to a stage where the Tokyo Olympics had to be held without audiences.The reason was that he made great efforts to practice.Ma Long won the award for that reason.whichwhy合成：The reason why Ma Long won the award was that he

15、 made great efforts to practice.先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)關(guān)系副詞時間 地點(diǎn)或stage, point situation, scene, case, activity等抽象的地點(diǎn)名詞 原因 時間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語when=介+時where=介+地why=for the reason1. I came to Ding Zhou high school that day _ I would never forget. 2. He failed the exam for some reasons_ he explained to me yesterday. 3. Do y

16、ou still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three days ago. which/thatwhich/thatwhich/that結(jié)論：是先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞譀Q定關(guān)系詞，而不是先行詞本身！practiceStep Five. Use attributive clause (定語從句) to introduce somethig.1. .is my most memorable occasion (時刻) /day/year when /(介詞+which) 2. .is my favorite city where /(介詞+whi

17、ch) 3. My study in high school have reached the stage where/ (介詞+which) 4. My relationship with best friend has reached the stage where/ (介詞+which)_ 5. .is the reason why / (for + which ) I _只用 that 情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是all /much /little/few /something /anything /everything /nothing/none等不定代詞的時候，在定語從句中，先行詞只能用th

18、at.2.當(dāng)先行詞前面有all/no/little/few/any等修飾時，只能用關(guān)系代詞that。3.當(dāng)先行詞被the/only/the last/the very修飾的時候，定語從句只能用that。4.當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時，關(guān)系詞只能用that。5.當(dāng)先行詞被最高級修飾時，只能用that做關(guān)系代詞。6.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時，只能用關(guān)系代詞that。只用 which 情況1、 在介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞用which而不能用that。即“介詞+which（代物）” 。2、 在非限定性定語從句中用which，不能用that。3、有兩個定語從句，其中一個關(guān)系代詞已有which，另一個宜用t

19、hat。相反，如果其中一個為that，另一個宜用which。4、those +復(fù)數(shù)名詞之后，多用which 。5、which用作疑問代詞時，在特殊疑問句中用作賓語或主語。6、which 指代前邊的整句話只用 who情況1. 先行詞是one, ones 或者 anyone時， 先行詞為those，或被those修飾時，指人時。2、 只指人，并且在從句中充當(dāng)主語the man who is a new one has rent a flat in the downtown of New York.3. 在非限定性定語從句中作主語，并指人時。1.【2016北京】I live next door to

20、 a couple_children often make a lot of noise.A. whose B. why C. where D. which2.【2010湖南】Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which3.【2012重慶】Sales director is a position _communication ability is

21、just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where4.【2016天津】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better.A. that B. where C. which D. when5.【2010山東】Wind power is an ancient source of energy ，_ we may return in the near future. A. on which B. b

22、y which C. to which D. from whichAADDC6.【2011安徽】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A. when B. which C. where D. while7.【2012天津】I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far.A. who B. whose C. whom D. which8.

23、【2012江西】By 16:30, _ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.A. which B. when C. what D. that9.【2014天津】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _ uses it differently. A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them10.【2014浙江 】I dont become a se

24、rious climber until the fifth grade, _ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. A. when B. where C. which D. whyCBABA11.【2011天津】The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A. when B. that C. where D. which12.【2012江蘇】After the flooding, people

25、 were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what 13.【2013浙江】The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. A. whatB. where C. when D. why14.

26、【2013江西】He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A. what B. which C. where D. how15.【2010福建】Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whoseBBBAC16.【2017天津】My eldest son, _ work takes hi

27、m all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. that B. whose C. his D. who17.【2015湖南】It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A. as B. where C. that D. which18.【2012全國II】That evening, _ I will tell you mor

28、e about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when19.【2016江蘇】Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of whichB. of themC. of whomD. of those20.【2016浙江】Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry

29、 tears , none of _ has been proved. A. whom B. which C. what D. thatBBBDC21.【2011陜西】I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. where C. who D. that22.【2012安徽】 A lot of language learning,_ has been discovered, is happening in the first year

30、 of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D. this23.【2017江蘇】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. which B. its C. whose D. whom24.【2013遼寧】He may win the competition, _he is likely to get i