人新課標選修10課件grammar

1、GrammarSubjunctive Mood Unit 41. If I were Andy Lou, I would be in Hong Kong now. 2. I wish I were a millionaire.3. We suggest that everyone should help the AIDS patients. When to use the Subjunctive Mood in English?hypotheseswishessuggestion虛擬語氣The Subjunctive Mood 虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式(verb structure), 用

2、來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實 (fact)，而只是一種假設(hypotheses )愿望(wishes)、建議(suggestion) 或懷疑doubt等等。The definition of the Subjunctive Mood1. 虛擬語氣在條件句中 1) “表示不太可能出現(xiàn)的情況”, 條件從句一般用過去時,主句用would do, should do 或 might /could do; 虛擬語氣應該注意的幾點:2) 表示“本可能發(fā)生卻未發(fā)生的事情”, 條件從句用過去完成時, 主句用would have done, should have done, might / could

3、have done.The old men would find it difficult to get a job if they left the farm.I should be surprised if it was less than five pounds.If I frightened those birds, they might fly off and I would never see them again.If I were you, I would accept the offer.If I were asked to define my mood, Id say “b

4、ored”.If he had taken his doctors advice, he might not have died so soon.If he had realized that, he would have run away while there was still time.If she had not married, she could have e special in the filed.2. 虛擬語氣在條件句也可用來表示“將來不太可能出現(xiàn)的情況”, 條件從句用 should do, were to do或一般過去時, 主句用 would do, should do

5、, could/might do.If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would have to be put off.I could see the surface of the moon with my own eyes if I were to go to the moon some day.What would you do if he failed to come tomorrow?注意: 含有 should 的條件句, 主句可以用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時. 例如:If there should be another flood, w

6、hat shall we do?Ask her to leave a message if she should come.3. 在正式英語文體中, if 從句中的第一個動詞如果是should, were 或 had, 可將此動詞置于句首, 替代 if例如：Were it all true, it would still not excuse their actions.Had the captain been more careful, his ship would not have sunk.Should any visitors come, I would say you are not

7、 here.4. if only 和 suppose (supposing), 也可以引導虛擬從句If only I had more time, I could go there to help them.Supposing it were fine tomorrow, would you go climbing the mountain with us? 5. If it were not / had not been for 也是常見的虛擬句型, 意思是“要不是” 例如:If it had not been for your help, we would not have achieve

8、d so much in our work. If it were not for the wise decision, we could not be living a happy life.6. 虛擬語氣用于I wish的賓語從句中: 表示現(xiàn)在時間, 動詞用一般過去時和過去進行時 (be動詞用were /was)。 表示過去時間, 動詞用過去完成時和過去完成進行時。 表示將來時間, 動詞用 would/ could 等+動詞原形。I wish I knew how to operate this computer.I wish he werent so lazy.I do wish eve

9、rything would be as quiet as before.I wish we hadnt been working overtime yesterday.注意: 這里I wish 所表達的意思與 if only差不多。以上的句子都可以用if only 來代替 I wish 例如:If only I knew how to operate this computer.If only we hadnt been working overtime yesterday.7. Its (about/high) time +從句，表示“該做而未做的事”, 是一種婉轉的建議, 從句中的動詞用一

10、般過去時。例如：It is high time we began to work. Weve enjoyed the evening, but its time we went home.Its about time the boy learned to behave himself.8. 表示“要求、建議、命令” 等動詞demand, require, suggest, insist, advise, order 等后接賓語從句時, 從句謂語動詞一般用虛擬語氣, 即should + 動詞原形 (do/be done), should 也可以省略例如：He insisted that John

11、 (should) do the job.We suggest that the meeting (should) not be postponed.The union demanded that the wages (should) be raised by 20%.常用的這類動詞是: ask (要求), advise (建議), command(命令), decide(決定), demand(要求), insist(堅持), move(提議), order(命令), propose(提出), require(要求), request(請求), suggest (建議), urge(主張)

12、如果這些動詞不是表示“要求、建議、命令”等意思時, 這時賓語從句一般不用虛擬語氣。例如：He insisted that I was wrong. (這兒 insist 意思是“堅持認為”）The expression on her face suggests that she knows the secret. (這兒 suggest 意思是“表明”）1. If he had not lost his money, he _ the piano last week. A. would buy B. had bought C. bought D. could have bought2. If

13、we were to be 200 years old, we _ everything. A. will change B. can change C. could change D. changed練習3. If you _ that film last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A. didnt see B. havent seen C. wouldnt seen D. hadnt seen4. You are late. If you _ a little minutes earlier, you _ him. A. came, wo

14、uld meet B. had come, would have met C. came, would have met D. were to come, would meet5. But for the storm, we _ a pleasant journey. A. should have B. have had C. would have D. should have had 6. _ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I7. Without t

15、he computer, the problem _ in such a short time. A. couldnt be solved B. wouldnt have solved C. couldnt have been solved 8. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. will be B. were to be C. would be D. is 9. “You are very selfish. Its high time you _ you are not the most important

16、 person in the world,” Edgar said to his boss angrily. A. have realized B. realized C. realize D. should realize10. I wish I _ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept1 - Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami

17、but to New York? - I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what高考鏈接2 _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be3. She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. I guess so. Its not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D.